...Vincent McConnell BIO 102 research paper- Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s Foot) 9-18-14 Tinea is a fungus that grows and multiplies on people’s skin. This is the cause for ringworm and other common fungal infections. Tinea Pedis is a form of ringworm that affects the feet, also called Athlete’s Foot. This fungal infection is the most common form of the ringworm infection and affects many people daily. It is easily spread through any contact with the infection but luckily it can usually be diagnosed rather easily also. This is not a life-threating infection but it does cause much discomfort and displeasure to anyone suffering with it. This infection usually begins in-between toes and is caused by moist feet, usually sweat, inside tight shoes and socks. Athlete’s foot causes itching, stinging, and burning and ways it can be spread include contaminated floors, clothing, or anything that has been exposed to the fungus. This fungal infection is closely related to jock itch and is treated in similar ways. Athlete’s foot is not only found on “athletes” or even just the foot. This fungus thrives on any damp, warm area which usually is the feet due to shoes being restricting and sweat making them damp. Small cuts or injuries can help the infection begin. This infection can be spread relatively easily compared to some due to how easily it can be caught. Walking barefoot in public showers, or just stepping in or around a public pool is a common way to get the infection. Another way is simply...
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...module 7 Q A patient presents with an extremely painful corn on the sole of their foot. The corn is located directly under the first metatarso-phalangeal joint. What gait pattern would be expected? What would the effects of their condition be on various parts of the gait cycle? Word Count – 521 The concerned gait in the given case is antalgic gait. Even though there are a number of gaits that exist but this particular gait is the consequence of pain. It may be defined as the manner of walking of the person usually accompanied by a limp in order to minimize pain caused by exerting too much weight. When the patient walks, he tries to minimize the weight put on the area affected and also shorten the time duration especially during the stance phase. Hence in this endeavor of the patient the gait is altered. Further the length of the strides is also shortened on the side of the injury, which alters the posture or the underlying manner of the normal gait cycle of the patient. Antalgic gait may be caused suddenly or get develop over a period of time due to the damage caused to the musculoskeletal system or a particular nerve. Even though this gait can impact a person of any age and sex, but based on empirical researches it has been found that its prominence is more profound amongst seniors and athletes and also males are more vulnerable than their female counterparts (Nirenberg, 2014).[a1] The normal gait cycle is comprised of primarily two phases i.e.[B2] stance phase and...
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...WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE TEST? This test was specifically designed to test a student's abilities concerning muscular endurance, muscular strength, muscular flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance. Components of the Test Mile Run - ONE MILE RUN - The one mile run test is specifically designed to test cardiovascular endurance. Students will be required to run four (4) laps around the track at Stonington High School. This test does not have a beat that must be maintained or specific criteria that must be met to be considered correct. Students only have to complete four (4) laps, and if possible, in the given times set by the State of Connecticut Right Angle Push-Up Test - UPPER BODY STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE - Upper body strength and endurance is tested utilizing the right angle push up test. Students will begin in the down position. On a specific signal they will raise themselves to the ready position. The ready position is when the back is in a flat position, hands under the shoulders, fingers facing forward (not inward), and legs straight with student on his/her toes. One successful push up includes the student lowering his/her body so that the lower arm/elbow/upper arms are at a 90 degree angle with each other and returning to the up position so that the arms are straight and the body is flat. Curl-Up Test - ABDOMINAL STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE - Abdominal strength and endurance is tested utilizing the partial curl up test. This IS NOT A SIT UP. It is a modified sit...
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...extremely painful corn on the sole of their foot. The corn is located directly under the first metatarso-phalangeal joint. What gait pattern would be expected? What would the effects of their condition be on various parts of the gait cycle? antalgic gait a limp adopted so as to avoid pain on weight-bearing structures, characterized by a very short stance phasehttp://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/antalgic+gait. Antalgic gait refers to the way one walks, usually with a limp, to avoid pain. It’s a form of gait abnormality where the stance phase is shortened relative to the swing phase. There are many types of gait, but antalgic gait is the result of pain. The patient tries to minimize the amount of weight placed on the painful leg, knee, ankle or foot while walking or running. The stride is shortened on the injured side, affecting the posture or style of the patient’s normal gait cycle. Antalgic gait can come on suddenly or gradually due to a disease or damage to the nerve or musculoskeletal system. It can be mild, moderate or severe, temporary or permanent. Antalgic gait can affect anyone at any age, but seniors and athletes seem to suffer from it more often and it is seen in men more than women. http://www.footanklehealth.com/health/antalgic-gait.html A limp is a type of asymmetric abnormality of the gait. When due to pain it is referred to as an antalgic gait which has a shortened duration in which the foot is in contact with the ground, in severe cases...
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...The objective of this paper is to examine the universally common injury of a lateral ankle sprain. A lateral ankle sprain results in the tearing of specific ligaments present in the ankle, which can occur during a multitude of activities. In this paper the injuries common occurrences, treatments, rehabilitations as well as the anatomy involved in a lateral ankle sprain will be analyzed. Nonsurgical approaches are the simplest and most familiar proposals when experiencing a lateral ankle sprain on all grade levels, save very severe cases, and with proper rehabilitation, rest and care, the ligaments stressed during a lateral ankle sprain will heal within a week. A lateral ankle sprain is said to be the most common of injuries amongst athletes...
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...Terblanche 17621194 Assingment: Athletics 1.Technical model of sprinting 1.1 Good leg recovery The most recent support leg swings past the sprinters body (the recovery). After the foot comes of the ground the heel comes up to create a shorter pendulum for faster recovery. It should not bend at the knee so much that your heel kicks your butt, i.e. full knee flexion shouldn’t occur. High heels at the back is a sign of poor technique. Remember we are after front side mechanics not back side mechanics. The thigh comes up parallel to the hips before the shin begins to extend. The recovery foot steps up and over the drive knee as the foot takes the shortest path to the front of the body as the center of mass rises above the surface. The recovery is almost like a cycling motion. 1.2 High knee lift Consciously lifting the knee high while sprinting inhibits the legs natural timing during the recovery phase. This will cause a reduction in force and slower movement. The knee lift should happen quickly to horizontal. Knee of the swing leg moves forwards and upwards to continue drive and increase stride length. The swing legs knee action should occur naturally as the hip flexor goes back into normal position. 1.3 Active foot strike The forward foot should be directly under the lead knee. The foot touching the ground is making contact just in front of the body. Sprinting is a pulling ,pushing and jumping action. Sprinters run on the balls of there feet. As your lead leg lands on...
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...An update on Calcaneal Apophysitis (Sever’s disease) Often children between the ages of eight and thirteen attend the podiatry clinic with heel pain. One differential diagnosis is calcaneal apophysitis or otherwise known as sever’s disease. Calcaneal apophysitis is the inflammation of a calcaneal growth plate causing pain in the heel posteriorly, it is classified as a non-articular Osteochondrosis at an impact site (O’Gradaigh & Crisp, 2012). The calcaneus in a child under sixteen years contains a growth plate posteriorly. This is the section where the Achilles tendon inserts on the calcaneus. Around sixteen years of age, the growth plate ossifies onto the calcaneum. Sever’s disease is the disturbance or micro trauma in this growth area. Calcaneal apophysitis is more common in individuals who participate in active sport. It is a traction apophysitis of the Achilles tendon insertion at the calcaneus and is one of the most common causes of heel pain in children (Micheli & Ireland, 1987). The condition can occur in both sexes and usually resolves once bone growth has ceased. Children are usually in an active growth spurt during which time the Calcaneal apophysitis (Ogden et al, 2004) causes pain. It is thought that the long bones growth exceeds the musculature growth (posterior muscle compartment), causing pulling on the calcaneal muscle attachment. However Michelli & Ireland (1987) suggest the exact aetiology is undetermined and that it is thought to be a repetitive...
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...SHARP AND STRONG >> GX FITNESS LOSE 4 POUNDS IN 14 DAYS! PROGRAM 1 1. Aerobics: Perform 6–8 minutes of aerobics exercises, such as Running in Place, Side-Straddle-Hops (“Jumping Jacks”) or High Steps/Knees. Two weight-loss workouts for home or the road 2. Stretching: Perform 4–6 minutes of flexibility exercises. By Ken and Stephanie Weichert SGT KEN, At my APFT in 2007, I weighed in at 201 pounds and 49 percent body fat. I could barely squeeze out 10 push-ups and 15 sit-ups. After Advanced Individual Training, it got worse. I took up smoking and ate too much. As my health sank, I was losing my desire to be a good Soldier. Even so, my commander had hope for me. He thought I’d make a good leader if I could get it together, and encouraged me to apply for Officer Candidate School. I passed, but barely, because of my poor fitness. I knew I had to get better. I turned to your column in GX. The advice helped me implement fitness into my daily life. I walked. Then ran. I weight-trained. I did your exercises as best I could. In March 2008, when I started Officer Candidate School, I weighed in at 169, 31 percent body fat. But I still needed to do more, in order to ship to phase one. Thanks to your program, on my last APFT during OCS, I knocked out over 50 push-ups, over 70 sit-ups, and ran my 2-mile in 16 minutes flat. I went from being an overweight specialist to a second lieutenant who has a desire to lead by example. My cadre at OCS called me a motivation and an inspiring...
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...Don't let discomfort get you down. Wearing running shoes that don’t match your foot shape can cause a variety of problems — from stress fractures to tendonitis and much more. As a podiatrist in Prescott AZ, we’re pleased to help you locate the perfect shoe that fits the needs of your feet. Doing so can significantly lessen the possibility of injury, optimizing your fitness performance. Here's our complete guide to picking out the proper sneakers for your paws. First off, examine your arches. The American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA) groups arches into three categories: low/flat, normal, and high. What each kind needs: ● Low/flat arches require shoes designed for stability and motion control. Sneakers like these prevent "overpronation,"...
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...thrive and grow on the protein keratin and favour damp and dark conditions, therefore the human toenail and nail bed provide the ultimate breeding ground. (Johnson 1993) The most common is Trichophyton Rubrum, the same causes “athletes’ foot”. This commonly affects the sole, dorsum, lateral borders and in between toes. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the nail matrix. (Bristow I. 1996) Fungal infections can start by trauma to the toenail which leaves it vulnerable to infection. People who do not maintain a good standard of foot hygiene are predisposed to fungal infections. Failure to dry the feet thoroughly and the use of communal showers can all be causative factors. (Johnson M. 1993) Treatment can be prolonged using topical products, in some cases up to 9 months. More often than not these are ineffective as the treatment cannot penetrate the thickened nail. The only topical agents giving some success in mild nail infection are amorolfine, cyclopiroxolamine and tioconazole. (Dawber R. 1996) If there are more than 2 or 3 nails involved, it is better to use terbinafine orally together with amorolfine topically as recent evidence shows better success rates using both. (Turner & Merriman 2005) For ongoing management diligent foot hygiene, discarding of infected footwear and continuing preventative treatment advice should be given. (Bristow I. 1996) INGROWING TOENAILS (ONYCHOCRYPTOSIS) The most common causes of ingrowing toenails are poor cutting technique...
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... There are many factors that cause Bromodosis. Shoes and socks made from synthetic materials increase the amount of sweat an individual produce and do not allow it to evaporate or be absorbed, so the feet stays wet. Another factor is hygiene, infrequent washing of the feet and not changing socks at least once a day can allo bacteria to thrive, contributing to foot odor. Stress can also be a factor. The researcher conducts this study in order to produce an alternative cure for Bromodosis which is convient and cheaper than other commercial foot products. The researcher also wants to know if, with the use of aloe vera, is it possible to treat smelly feet. And the researcher wants to discover other medicinal property that Aloe vera have. Statement of the Problem a. Is Aloe vera an effective cure in treating Bromodosis (smelly feet)? b. Is Aloe vera has no significant difference when compared to commercial foot products in treating Bromodosis (smelly feet)? Hypothesis a. Aloe vera can be a treatment for Bromodosis (smelly feet). b. There is no significant difference between Aloe vera extract and commercial foot products in curing Bromodosis...
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...Evolving Medicated Footwear for Diabetic Patients by: Md. Tareq Bin Satter Chapter I Page 1 of 85 Study on Evolving Medicated Footwear for Diabetic Patients by: Md. Tareq Bin Satter 1.1 Introduction Foot is the important part of the body. If someone has diabetes he/she is more likely to have to foot problems. Diabetes can damage your nerves. This, in turn, may make you less able to feel an injury or pressure on the skin of your foot. You may not notice a foot injury until severe damage or infection develops. This may led to gangrene in the through simple injuries eventually amputation will be the final choice. So a diabetes patient always has to wear specialized footwear that can protect the foot in more sophisticated way. Diabetes changes your body's ability to fight infections. Damage to blood vessels causes because of diabetes results in less blood and oxygen getting to your feet. Because of this, small sores or breaks in the skin may become deeper skin ulcers. The affected limb may need to be amputated when these skin ulcers do not improve, get larger, or go deeper into the skin. Worldwide, 50% of all leg amputations happen to people living with diabetes. In India, an estimated 50,000 amputations are carried out every year due to diabetes related foot problems. By employing reconstructive and corrective footwear, to remove the high pressure points, a large number of such amputations can be prevented. Thus the patient can lead a near normal life, free ...
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...“Pay the college athletes?” Whether or not to pay college athletes has been in debate for a number of years. No one seems to be able to decide whether or not these “students” deserve to be compensated for their actions on the gridiron, or whether they should be treated just like every other student at the school. The fact of the matter is that these athletes are not actually like every other average student. These athletes for some of these big name schools aren’t just helping the NCAA rake in small chunks of money; in fact they are helping the NCAA make billions of dollars every single year. It seems like only the NCAA is benefiting from the money who are the people in charge, and the workers, the athletes, are working for such a large profit, with no compensation towards them. To some this is the way it should be, but to others, they feels as if the athletes are being abused in a way that they are unable to fight back about. Therefore, do scholarships and free-living expenses make up for the billions of dollars these top tier athletes are bringing in? Or are these college athletes being abused by the billion-dollar industry that they help fuel? Some people view college sports as students at a school, representing their school through the act of a sport. However, the truth is that these college students fuel a billion dollar business that has no income for the actual “employees.” In Taylor Branch’s article, “The Shame of College Sports”, he continuously shows how these...
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...Genetic Testing and College Athletes On April 13, 2010, the NCAA made tests for Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) mandatory, effective in August 2010. SCT is a condition where the blood cells are elongated and potentially block blood flow and resist bonding to oxygen. The trait is generally benign but becomes active under extreme physical stress. For athletes, when performing strenuous activities, the trait is sometimes triggered and can potentially cause death. The statute states “student-athletes must be tested for sickle cell trait, show proof of a prior test or sign a waiver releasing an institution from liability if they decline to be tested.”(Brutlag, 2010) SCT genetic testing and NCAA regulations were implemented in order to protect student athletes, but the testing raises questions of who should receive the test results, the use of the results in discrimination against affected athletes and its potential to be cascade towards excessive genetic testing. In the current legislation, the results from an athletes test are given to the school, the coach and the athlete. This disclosure policy has the potential to be used to discriminate against those who are afflicted with SCT. Although the athlete has the option to opt out of testing initially once they have the test, the disclosure to the school and coaching staff is automatic. The test results should be first given to the student, and then they should have the option to waive liability and not disclose to the university...
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...Mr. Otte Weight Training Date: May 8, 2010 The first workout that I will be showing you is an upper body workout, not to intense, but it gets the job done. Workout number one is going to deal with the upper body exercises and there’s a lot but I’m just going to give you a few that would be the best ones to do. * Upper Body workout: Day 1, Polymeric Press up: Begin in the standard press-up position on the floor. Your upper body should be supported with your hands on the floor - shoulder- width apart. Your arms are fully extended, and your legs and feet are supported by your toes, which are hip-width apart. To begin the exercise, lower your chest toward the floor by bending your elbows while keeping your trunk and hips extended and "rigid." When your chest is one to two inches from the floor, rapidly straighten your arms and push your body upward as fast as possible. As your arms reach full extension, release your hand contact with the floor and clap your hands together very quickly, before returning your hands to the floor in the same position that they were in before the clap. Repeat this action (lowering, rapid extension, clap and land on your hands) for the prescribed number of repetitions. The polymeric push-up helps to develop upper-body power as well as stabilizing strength in the core muscles. These muscles work together to stabilize the upper body during running, improving running economy. Day 2, Prone Trunk Extensions: Begin by lying face down on the floor...
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