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Australian Beverages Limited

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1 执行总结 ................................................................................. 4
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 项目背景 ....................................................................................................... 4 项目分析 ....................................................................................................... 4 公司与战略 ................................................................................................... 5 市场分析 ....................................................................................................... 5 营销策略 ....................................................................................................... 6 投资与财务分析 ........................................................................................... 6

2 背景分析 ................................................................................. 7
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 二恶英毒性 ................................................................................................... 7 二恶英危机 ................................................................................................... 7 二恶英检测的强制性 ................................................................................... 9 现有二恶英检测:检测难、检测贵、耗时长 ......................................... 10

3 项目分析 ............................................................................... 11
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 产品简介 ..................................................................................................... 11 核心技术 ..................................................................................................... 13 项目契机 ..................................................................................................... 15 技术优势 ..................................................................................................... 17 检测服务的权威性 ..................................................................................... 19 技术战略 ..................................................................................................... 21 知识产权 ..................................................................................................... 23 业内专家推荐 ............................................................................................. 23

4 市场分析 ............................................................................... 24
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 行业的宏观环境分析 ................................................................................. 24 市场概况 ..................................................................................................... 26 市场定位 ..................................................................................................... 28 目标市场 ..................................................................................................... 29 竞争分析 ..................................................................................................... 31

5 公司战略 ............................................................................... 36
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 公司概述 ..................................................................................................... 36 公司战略分析 ............................................................................................. 37 战略目标 ..................................................................................................... 37 战略制订 ..................................................................................................... 38

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6 市场营销 ............................................................................... 41
6.1 营销目标 ..................................................................................................... 41 6.2 营销渠道 ..................................................................................................... 42 6.3 营销策略 ..................................................................................................... 44

7 组织结构 ............................................................................... 48
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 公司发展的 7S 模型 ................................................................................... 48 组织结构(Structure)............................................................................... 48 人员(Staff) ............................................................................................. 51 管理策略和制度(Systems) .................................................................... 51 职工技能培训(Skills) ............................................................................ 53 公司文化(Style) ..................................................................................... 53 共同价值观(Shared Values) .................................................................. 53

8 生产管理 ............................................................................... 54
8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 实验室认证 ................................................................................................. 54 服务流程 ..................................................................................................... 56 公司建设准备 ............................................................................................. 58 项目实施计划 ............................................................................................. 59 物流管理 ..................................................................................................... 60 检测服务发展计划 ..................................................................................... 60

9 投资分析 ............................................................................... 61
9.1 股本构成与规模 ......................................................................................... 61 9.2 项目投资构成与资金来源 ......................................................................... 61 9.3 投资收益分析 ............................................................................................. 62

10 财务分析 ............................................................................. 67
10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 主要财务假设 ........................................................................................... 67 未来五年费用估算 ................................................................................... 67 主要财务报表 ........................................................................................... 69 财务报表分析 ........................................................................................... 72

11 风险及其对策 .....................................................................75
11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 技术风险及对策 ....................................................................................... 75 市场风险及对策 ....................................................................................... 75 政策风险及对策 ....................................................................................... 76 财务风险及对策 ....................................................................................... 76

12 风险资本的退出.................................................................77
12.1 退出方式 ................................................................................................... 77 12.2 退出时间 ................................................................................................... 78
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13 附录 ..................................................................................... 79 A 创业团队篇 .......................................................................... 79 B 技术篇 .................................................................................. 82
B1 B2 B3 B4 专利授权证书复印件 ................................................................................. 82 教育部查新报告 ......................................................................................... 83 痕量二恶英的生物检测技术原理 ............................................................. 86 国家环境保护部环境医学研究所(武汉)简介 ..................................... 87

C 市场篇 .................................................................................. 89
C1 调研问卷样卷 ............................................................................................. 89 C2 调研对象及时间 ......................................................................................... 91 C3 调研结果及分析 ......................................................................................... 92

D 产品篇 .................................................................................. 94
D1 检测报告样卷封面 ..................................................................................... 94 D2 检测报告样卷说明 ..................................................................................... 95 D3 检测报告样卷正文 ..................................................................................... 96

E 生产篇 .................................................................................. 97
E1 公司高层管理人员及其职能 ...................................................................... 97 E2 实验室认证简介 .......................................................................................... 99 E3 外购试剂估算表 ........................................................................................ 100

F 法律篇.................................................................................101
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 各方责任和义务 ........................................................................................ 101 公司设立和注册 ........................................................................................ 101 知识产权战略 ............................................................................................ 102 风险投资商与本公司权利义务归属 ........................................................ 103 技术入股方与本公司权利义务归属 ........................................................ 103 关于实验室审批的相关法律问题 ............................................................ 104

G 财务篇 ................................................................................105
G1 考虑期权的项目价值估价的计算过程 ................................................... 105 G2 主要财务附表 ........................................................................................... 106

H 推荐篇 ................................................................................ 110
H1 专家推荐意见 ........................................................................................... 110 H2 应用证明 ................................................................................................... 114

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1 执行总结

执 行 总 结

1.1 项目背景
二恶英是一类对机体多个系统有很大毒性和致癌性的有机物,不能被代谢降 解,被称作‚世纪之毒‛ 。钢铁、垃圾焚烧、化工、造纸等工业均会排放大量二恶 英,污染环境和食品。国家出台了一系列强制性规定,要求进出口货品和部分排 污企业必须进行二恶英检测。但现有检测技术主要是化学检测法,难度大、费用 高、耗时长,全国仅几家实验室有此能力,严重限制了二恶英检测行业的发展。

1.2 项目分析
二恶英的检测方法分为化学检测法和生物检测法,其中成本低、速度快的生 物检测法发展迅速,已在一些发达国家被定为标准法,使用面较广。 核心技术: 痕量二恶英的生物检测技术① (包括虫荧光素酶报告基因法和酶切 保护 PCR 法) 。 公司产品: ‚痕量二恶英的生物检测技术‛向客户提供二恶英检测服务, 利用 , 并出具具有权威性的检测报告。 技术来源:国家环境保护部环境医学研究所(武汉) (以下简称‚环医所‛。 ) 技术优势:新发明的样本处理方法可有效排除干扰物的干扰;操作步骤和所 需仪器简单,可进行现场快速检测和批量检测;耗时短;结果准确、灵敏度 高,反映样品中二恶英的总生物毒性;检测成本低,应用范围广。 技术权威: 精诚正在将技术申报国家标准, 同时通过获得相应的实验室资质, 达到检测方法和实验室的双重权威,使精诚出具的检测报告被官方认可。 技术实力:虫荧光素酶报告基因法的同原理方法已成为美国和日本的国家标

① ‚痕量‛是指物质中含量在百万分之一以下的组分的量。二恶英在环境中含量极低,但毒性极大,因此用 ‚痕量‛来衡量。

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准,并广泛应用于发达国家,环医所将其核心步骤进行改良,增强了稳定性 和灵敏性;酶切保护 PCR 法(专利号 CN 2004 1 0061477.7)源于国家自然科 学基金资助项目,是环医所自行研发的新技术,已进行过市场试运行,得到 相关部门的认可和客户的广泛好评。

1.3 公司与战略
公司名称:精诚检测有限公司 主营业务:二恶英类物质的检测 公司理念:精确、精准,精益求精;诚信、诚挚,以诚为本。 公司使命:保证检测报告的公正性和权威性,提供优质、全面的检测服务; 改善生态环境,提高人民生活质量,保障人类的身体健康。 公司远景:不断的创新与研发,提供最具市场竞争力的高品质产品; 成为我国最权威、最受客户信赖的二恶英检测机构。 公司战略: 第一阶段:完成国家标准申报和实验室认证工作;以需要强制性进行二恶英 检测的大型企业为突破口,从华中、华东和华北地区开始,迅速 打开国内二恶英检测市场; 第二阶段:加强技术研发,提高服务质量,扩大国内市场,争做行业龙头; 第三阶段:拓宽产品链;开展全球检测,成为国际知名的二恶英检测机构。

1.4 市场分析
市场契机:政府愈发重视环保,二恶英控制政策增加,民众更加关注健康, 单一的化学检测方法已不能满足市场需求,国内急需一种耗时短、价格低、 准确度高的生物检测方法,以及完善的检测服务体系。 目标市场:国内需要强制性进行二恶英检测的大型企业。 市场容量:未来 10 年,我国二恶英检测的市场容量平均为 1533.17 亿元,预 计本套检测方法的目标市场容量至少可达到 45.75 亿元/年。 竞争状况:国内同行业竞争小,短期内无潜在进入者的威胁。目前开展二恶

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英检测的机构大多是科研单位和极少的跨国企业,前者采用化学检测法且商 业化运作程度低,后者在中国市场份额小。技术专利保护、国家标准优势和 权威的实验室、新技术的研发、优质的管理和服务等可有效抑制替代品和潜 在进入者的出现。

1.5 营销策略
营销渠道:精诚采用‚B to G‛和‚B to B‛①销售模式。前期,针对需要强 制性检测的大企业,主要采取加大政府和企业公关力度、赞助行业协会等策 略; 中后期逐渐渗入中小型企业, 加强网络销售, 完善企业网络互动平台等。 定价策略:采取初期高价位高服务、成长期质量保价并投资科研、成熟期低 价保额、衰退期打价格战并扩展经营链的策略。 促销策略: ‚一站式服务‛及‚检测套餐‛ ;参与制定国家标准;参加大型博 览会;赞助环保协会;开展环保、食品安全宣传等方式来吸引顾客。 另外,由于精诚属于高技术服务业,将采取独特的产品策略。

1.6 投资与财务分析
股本结构:注册资本 1300 万元。团队成员资金入股 80 万元;技术持有方技 术入股 380 万元, 资金入股 60 万元; 风险资金 780 万元。 以上股本同股同权。 投资构成:项目总投资 2000 万元。前期投入 700 万元,项目建设投资 1300 万元。建设期借款 400 万元,其中长期借款 300 万元,短期借款 100 万元。 投资收益:利润从第二年开始大幅增长,平均增幅为 164%;净现值 NPV = 3768.06 万元;股东投资的内含报酬率 IRR = 47.08%。 风险退出:风险资金在第 5 年开始退出较为合适。根据盈利情况,公司首选 深交所创业板上市。

① ‚B to B‛ ,即 Business to Business 模式,是企业对企业的销售模式。 to G‛ ‚B ,即 Business to government 模式,是企业对政府的销售模式。

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背 景 分 析

二恶英是一种在国内外多次引起重大污染事件的强毒物、强致癌物。 2 背景分析 国家强制性要求部分排污企业检测排放污物中二恶英含量,达标排放;国内外法规要求 进出口货品中不得检出二恶英。 现有检测二恶英的实验室少、方法昂贵费时。

2.1 二恶英毒性
二恶英(Dioxin) ,又称二氧杂芑,是一类化合物,有以下特点: 毒性严重:毒性是氰化物的 130 倍、砒霜的 900 倍,有‚世纪之毒‛之称;极 低量即能产生极强的致癌性、内分泌毒性、生殖毒性和免疫毒性等。 体内积累:脂溶性物质,易在生物体内积累,并随食物链向上累积。 不易降解:微生物等对其降解能力极弱,可长期存在于环境中。 无色无味:不易被察觉。 来源广泛:包括 210 种化合物,可存在于大气、土壤、水和食物中,钢铁、冶 金、垃圾焚烧、化工、造纸、杀虫剂等行业均会排放二恶英。

2.2 二恶英危机
2.2.1 排放二恶英的工业在迅速发展
排放二恶英的工业在国家发展中占有重要地位:钢铁、水泥、造纸、发电…… 随着工业的发展,二恶英的排放将大大增加。 ‚十一五‛期间,我国垃圾焚烧厂增 长率为 161%。若缺乏严格的检验和污染控制体系,生态环境和人民健康将受到极 大威胁。

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矿物产 品生产 废弃物 燃烧

交通

非受控 燃烧 其他 钢铁和 其他金 属生产

发电和 供热

化学品 消费品

废弃物 处理

其他 钢铁和 其他金 属生产

非受控 燃烧 废弃物 的燃烧

发电和 供热

图 2-1 中国二恶英大气排放行业分布图

图 2-2 中国二恶英残渣排放分布图①

2.2.2 二恶英排放不达标现象严重
国家强制性标准严格规定了工厂二恶英的排放限值,但超标排放现象仍非常 严重。我国垃圾焚烧厂烟气中二恶英超标率为 57.1%,部分垃圾焚烧设施二恶英 超标 99 倍以上②!含氯有机物燃烧都可产生二恶英,因此,非受控途径的二恶英 产生难以遏制, 露天焚烧、 吸烟和燃煤炉产生的二恶英量甚至超过生活垃圾焚烧。

2.2.3 “进口污染”威胁重重
2008 年意大利奶酪二恶英污染事件、 爱尔兰猪肉污染事件等表明, 进口污染‛ ‚ 已成为二恶英的另一重要污染源。对进出口食品的检测已经是十分迫切的需求。

2.2.4 二恶英污染就在我们身边
国外:1998-2008 年,德、法、意、比利时、荷兰、爱尔兰等国家相继出现高 浓度二恶英污染牛奶、乳制品、畜禽类产品等农副产品的事件。 国内:二恶英事件屡有发生。最近一次是 2009 年 11 月,广州市番禺区居民因 抵制二恶英污染,强烈反对新规划的垃圾焚烧发电厂建在居民区附近。政府虽 承诺‚不通过环评,坚决不开工‛ ,但仍未取得民众的信任,成为全国瞩目的 公共卫生事件。 以上案例警示我们:推广二恶英的常规检测迫在眉睫。

① 图 2-1 和 2-2 的数据均来源于《中华人民共和国履行〈关于持久性有机污染物的斯德哥尔摩公约〉国家实 施计划》 (第 16 页) 。 ② 2001 年国家环保总局组织开展的全国 47 个重点城市的生活垃圾处理处臵设施污染物排放状况调查。

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2.3 二恶英检测的强制性
二恶英循环图(图 2-3)显示,工厂生产的产品可能会受到二恶英的污染;排 放的二恶英随废气废渣污染河水、农田,通过生物链污染食品、农产品、饮用水。

图 2-3 二恶英循环

2.3.1 国内强制性检测
国内出台了一系列国家强制性标准,强制要求部分企业检测排放污染物中二 恶英的含量, 达到排放标准后才能排放; 国家环保部门需监督企业执行以上标准。
表 2-1 我国的二恶英控制标准

标 准 名 称 危险废物焚烧污染控制标准 生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准 水泥工业大气污染物排放标准 造纸工业水污染物排放标准

标准编号 GB18484-2001 GB18485-2001 GB4915-2004

针对企业类型 危险废物焚烧厂 生活垃圾焚烧厂 水泥厂 污水处理厂 造纸厂

需检测物 废气、 废渣 废气、 废渣 排气 污水、 污泥 污水

城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准 GB18918-2002 GB3544-2001

例如: 《造纸工业水污染物排放标准》中要求‚制浆企业、造纸企业纸浆造纸
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联合生产企业的车间或生产设施废水排放口的二恶英不得超过 30pgTEQ/L‛《生 、 活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准》中要求‚焚烧炉大气污染物排放限值二恶英类限量为 1.0ngTEQ/m3‛等。

2.3.2 进出口货物的二恶英检测
国内、外法律规定,每一批进出口货品,必须检测其二恶英含量,达到二恶 英控制标准后才能通关。最新出台的《中国严格限制进出口的有毒化学品目录 (2009 年) 》中也规定进出口货物中不得含有二恶英类物质。
表 2-2 进出口二恶英检验常检物质

食品、农产品 进出口二恶英 检验常检物质 化工工业产品 电子产品

动物饲料、蛋类、水产品、禽肉类、奶制品等 塑料、油漆、建材、木材、化妆品等 电子配件等

2.4 现有二恶英检测:检测难、检测贵、耗时长
二恶英检测的技术难度非常大,对样品采样、提取、净化、富集、检测设备和 实验室环境要求都相当严格。 国内现有的通过国家认证的二恶英检测机构仅为 分布于个别大城市的少量实验室。 现有二恶英检测方法繁琐、耗时较长、成本极高、费用昂贵,且不提供市场化 的服务,严重制约了我国二恶英检测的发展和可持续发展的进程。

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3

项 目 分 析

‚痕量二恶英的生物检测技术‛是一种新兴的二恶英检测技术,检测耗时短、灵敏度 较其他生物检测法提高 3 个数量级、成本低、适合大规模的筛选检测和现场测试。 该技术已进行试运营,获得权威专家、出入境检验检疫局、合作企业的好评和推荐。 3 项目分析 精诚检测属于高技术服务业,依托国家环保部环境医学研究所(武汉),将‚痕量二 恶英的生物检测技术‛申报为国家标准,获得实验室认证,并利用该技术为客户提供二恶 英检测服务,出具具有权威性的检测报告。

3.1 产品简介
3.1.1 产品综述
产品名称:痕量二恶英的生物检测服务 我们的产品是利用‚痕量二恶英的生物检测技术‛ ,向客户提供二恶英检 测服务,并出具具有权威性的检测报告。 产品属性:二恶英检测、高技术服务 核心技术:痕量二恶英的生物检测技术 包括虫荧光素酶报告基因法和酶切保护 PCR 法。

3.1.2 产品功能及特点
(1)产品功能 提供进出口产品二恶英检测的代理验收; 提供排污工厂的二恶英检测服务; 承包国家环保部门环境污染摸底调查等项目; 提供广泛的业内咨询服务;
图 3-1 痕量二恶英的生物检测

深入分析客户企业生产过程中的每个环节,提供技术解决方案。

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(2)产品特点 直接面向企业和政府机构; 检测具有强制性,要求检测报告具有权威性; 专业性强,不易被模仿。

3.1.3 应用领域

图 3-2 痕量二恶英生物检测服务应用范围

精诚的二恶英检测服务在出入境检验、 食品卫生检验、 工业污染物排放监测、 废物处理后残余物检测、环境污染状况摸底调查等方面有广阔的应用前景。
表 3-1 我国二恶英检测需求状况





检测服务需求方

具体检测对象

产生、排放二恶英的企业 产品易被二恶英污染从而给顾客带来危害 的企业(尤其是出入境检验检疫)

废弃物焚烧厂、纸浆造纸 废气、废渣、废 厂、水泥厂、污水处理厂 水、污泥 各类食品加工厂、进出口 各类食品、农产 货品生产厂(如塑料、木 品、各类进出口 材、日化品、电子产品等) 货品 监督部门、研究所、大学 部门、食品安全监督部门 食品 食品

卫生监督部门定期监督检测(如食品卫生 环境监督部门、食品安全 土壤、大气、水、 检验,环境污染状况摸底调查等) 科研工作 研究所、大学、环境监督 土壤、大气、水、

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3.2 核心技术
3.2.1 技术名称
表 3-2 技术名称

技术名称 方法名称 英文名称 技术类别

痕量二恶英的生物检测技术 虫荧光素酶报告基因法 Luciferase Reporter Gene Assay 痕量检测 酶切保护 PCR 法 Exonudease Protect PCR Assay 痕量检测

3.2.2 技术简介
技术属性:高新生物科学技术,痕量二恶英生物检测技术; 技术原理:虫荧光素酶报告基因法:利用基因转换技术,建立特定细胞株,此 细胞与二恶英类物质接触时,能增加合成荧光素,测定荧光素的发光量可求得 样品中二恶英的 TEQ①。酶切保护 PCR 法:利用二恶英与 AhR 形成的复合物 能结合保护特异的核酸序列免受 ExoⅢ和 S1 的降解,然后用定量 PCR 技术检 测复合物结合保护的核酸序列,得到样品中二恶英的 TEQ。详见附录 B3。 技术来源:国家环境保护部环境医学研究所(武汉)②(以下简称‚环医所‛; ) 技术状况:与传统化学检测法相比,精诚的检测技术具有成本低、速度快、效 率高等优势,能广泛应用于各类样本的筛选检测,适于我国国情,市场巨大。
表 3-3 虫荧光素酶报告基因法现况

虫荧光素酶报告基因法 我们正在申请成为国家标准,核心环节申请国家发明专利 同原理方法——CALUX®生物检测法的现况为: 1998 年,在美国/加拿大取得专利 2002 年,被欧盟用于食品、饲料的有关法规 2005 年,成为日本的国家标准(JIS) 2007 年,成为美国的国家标准(EPA) 环医所将 CALUX®生物检测法核心环节改良,使检测敏感性增强

① TEQ 是用来衡量二恶英毒性的计量单位,称为毒性当量。 ② 国家环境保护部环境医学研究所(武汉)隶属于华中科技大学公共卫生学院,具体介绍详见附录 B4。

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表 3-4 酶切保护 PCR 法现况

酶切保护 PCR 法 预计将在三年内申请成为国家标准 2008 年获得国家发明专利(痕量二恶英生物检测方法 CN 2004 1 0061477.7①)

3.2.3

技术流程和性能

(1)技术流程

图 3-3 痕量二恶英生物检技术分析流程②

(2)技术性能 精诚的检测结果大约为传统 HRGC-HRMS 检测结果的 2-6 倍, 这是由于生 物检测技术检测的结果为样品中所有二恶英类物质的总量,较化学检测法 (只检测二恶英类物质中的 17 种)结果稍高,可避免过小评价的危险; 精诚的检测结果与传统 HRGC-HRMS 检测结果之间的相关性较好。说明 精诚的生物检测技术具有较高的准确性。如图 3-4 ~ 3-7 所示。

① 专利授权证书复印件见附录 B1。 ② 照片来源于国家环境保护部环境医学研究所(武汉)实验室。

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图 3-4 虫荧光素酶报告基因法检测飞灰

图 3-5 虫荧光素酶报告基因法检测鱼肉

图 3-6 酶切保护 PCR 法检测飞灰样本

图 3-7 酶切保护 PCR 法检测鱼肉样本

3.3 项目契机
3.3.1 历史契机

图 3-8 历史契机 15

3.3.2 行业支撑
《2010 中国可持续发展战略报告》中明确提出‚需要依靠科学技术加强环境 监测和受污染环境的修复‛ 国家战略性新兴产业发展方向中, 。 精诚所属的 ‚生 物‛‚环保‛‚高技术服务‛均名列其中; 、 、 国、内外法规规定:每批进出口货物需检测其二恶英含量,达标才能通关;部 分企业需对其排放污染物中的二恶英进行检测; ‚十一五‛期间,大量需进行二恶英检测的企业兴旺发展; 我国货物进出口量迅速增长。 综上,二恶英检测在我国呈现出国家强制、供不应求的现状,且服务和质量 保证体系均存在较大的不足,严重制约了二恶英检测和可持续发展的进程。

3.3.3 市场空白
国内尚无任何权威检测机构使用生物方法检测二恶英,国家尚未出台任何关 于二恶英生物检测方法的标准,精诚的技术适合我国国情,发展空间较大。

3.3.4 市场垄断
精诚的虫荧光素酶报告基因法正在申报国家标准检测法,进展顺利;酶切保护 PCR 法属国家专利,将在三年内申报成为国家标准检测法; 精诚将按照国家实验室建设规范建设实验室, 并立即通过资质认定和计量认定。 以上措施将大大提高精诚的技术壁垒和业内权威性,打破化学检测法的行业 垄断,建立新的市场垄断。

3.3.5 替代进口
与进驻我国第三方公正检验市场的国际检测机构相比,精诚在产品价格和服 务质量上占有很大优势,并将研发新技术、新产品,稳占国内市场,实现替代。

3.3.6 先发优势
痕量二恶英的生物检测技术为环医所自行研发的新技术, 获得了国家发明专利; 精诚以环医所为技术依托, 将技术申报国家标准, 在行业兴起初期就打入市场; 其他单位和个人要研发新的技术需要时间、人力和物力。

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3.4 技术优势
3.4.1 技术优势
精诚的痕量二恶英的生物检测技术,无论是分析精确度还是测定的浓度范围, 均不亚于化学法,优势如下:

图 3-9 技术优势图

虫荧光素酶报告基因法: 技术成熟:同类技术已成为美国、日本的国家标准方法; 灵敏性更高:精诚在同类方法的基础上,将技术核心细胞株改良,使技术 敏感性更高、重现性更好,性能大幅度提升; 预处理优良:优良的萃取、精制、分离技术,操作简单; 结果准确:具有较好的准确性和稳定性。 酶切保护 PCR 法 新型预处理: 首次建立了一种更适用于二恶英类物质生物学检测的样本预 处理方法,有效排除了非二恶英类 AhR 激动剂/拮抗剂对检测的影响; 灵敏度较同类技术提高了 3 个数量级: 外切酶保护技术与 PCR 技术结合; 操作简便:较其他 Ah 受体法而言,无需细胞培养和同位素标记。

17

共同优势: 检测效率高:检测周期较短(2 小时-3 天) ,可同时检测数十个样品; 准确评价污染情况: 检测样品中二恶英物质总含量, 反映其整体生物毒性; 成本低廉:分析步骤缩短,仪器、试剂成本低; 适合大量二恶英样品的快速筛选和现场大规模检测。

3.4.2 与其它二恶英检测技术之间的比较
表 3-5 二恶英检测技术比较

气-质联用法

其他生物检测 方法

虫荧光素酶报 告基因法

酶切保护 PCR 法

操作图

样品预处理 预处理效果 结果准确度 检测步骤 检 测 效 率 检测批量 检测耗时

较复杂

较简单

比较简单,提纯度高

无法完全去除 首创新方法,有 可以很好的 预处理简单,优 非二恶英类 效排除非二恶英 去除几乎一 良的萃取、精 AhR 激 动 剂 / 类 Ah 受体激动 切干扰 制、分离等技术 拮抗剂的干扰 剂/拮抗剂的影响 准确 复杂 一次检测 一个样本 1-1.5 月 7000 - 20000 元 十分灵敏 检测 210 种 二恶英类中 的 17 种 环保部标准 结果不太稳定 较简单 不能成批大量 检测 2-6 天 比化学法低 基本符合 检测要求 每次可检测 数十个样本 2-3 日 成本最低 比较准确(RSD

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