MADRE DE CACAO (GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM) EXTRACT CANDLE AS PESTICIDE AGAINTS TERMITES

JOHN MARK F. MAKAHIYA
PAULINE ELVIRA C. MARTINEZ
JOHN PAUL G. MERRERA
NICOLLE C. PABITON
CATHERINE B. PAZ
JOHN ARVIE S. SARMIENTO

Introduction One of the problems in houses and farms in our country are termites. Termites are pale- colored, soft-bodied social insect that live in colonies consisting usually of winged sexual forms, wingless sterile workers, and soldiers, feed on wood, and include some which are very destructive to wooden structures and trees. They are also called white ants. Termites can be killed using pesticide. Pesticides are made of chemicals and biological agents such as virus, bacterium, antimicrobial or disinfectant. Pesticides are used against pest. A pesticide may affect insects, plant pathogens and other pests. Although there are human benefits to the use of pesticide, some also have drawbacks, such potential toxicity to humans and other animals. According to the Stockholm Convention on Pesticide organic pollutant, 9 out of 12 most dangerous and persistent organic chemicals are pesticides. Gliricidia sepium, also called as kakawate or Madre de Cacao in the Philippines is a medium-sized leguminous tree. It is considered as the second most important multi-purpose legume tree.
Statement of the Problem
Pesticides are made of chemicals and biological agents such as virus, bacterium, antimicrobial or disinfectant. Pesticides are used against pest. A pesticide may affect insects, plant pathogens and other pests. Although there are human benefits to the use of pesticide, some also have drawbacks, such potential toxicity to humans and other animals. According to the Stockholm Convention on Pesticide organic chemicals are pesticide.
The study focuses on how the researchers can develop an eco-friendly pesticide from the extract of Madre de Cacao. The problem will guide the researchers on how they can make an organic pesticide that is cheaper and more effective than commercial pesticides.
Hypotheses
Madre de Cacao leaves are known to have coumarins, a toxic substance used for killing pest such as termites and ticks. Most of naturally-made pesticides now are not effective as compared to commercial pesticides made in factories. Two hypotheses were formulated. The null hypothesis states that the Madre de Cacao pesticides will not be able to eradicate termites. The alternative hypothesis states that the Madre de Cacao pesticide will be able to kill termites.
Significance of the Study Madre de Cacao pesticide is an organic and environment-friendly pesticide made from kakawate leaves that are good source of coumarins. This study focuses on the production of pesticide that will eliminate termites by using kakawate pesticide in candle-form. It will help other people especially mothers and fathers from preventing termites in their houses and farms. Aside from it is organic, it can also help lessen the number of other pest, such as rice weevils, rice bugs and worms.
Scope and Limitation Gliricidia sepium, also called as kakawate or Madre de Cacao in the Philippines is a medium-sized leguminous tree. It is considered as the second most important multi-purpose legume tree. Madre de Cacao is a legume which its leaves are rich in nitrogen, an important soil nutrient. Its leaves which contain coumarins, can be used as a fertilizer. Two setups will be prepared. In each setup, 10 termites will be placed. One setup will contain the commercial pesticide and the other one will have the Madre de Cacao pesticide. The study will be conducted in the L.E. Village, City of Calamba.

Conceptual Framework
Madre de Cacao candle pesticide
Testing
Product

* Gather some Madre de Cacao leaves. * Get the extract by using mortar and pestle. * Mix the extract with wax. * Let it dry.
Process
Madre de Cacao Candle Pesticide
Wood with inorganic pesticide
Wood with organic pesticide

Study of Related Literature Alfredo Rabena, a Filipino chemist from San Fernando, La Union has developed an environment-friendly liquid pesticide using the leaves of Madre de Cacao. He conducted and found that kakawate leaves are good source of coumarins, a toxic substance that can kill almost types of pest and insects. He said “One kilogram of kakawate leaves, soaked in water overnight, can produce seven gallons of “botanopesticides”. He conducted the study in 1996 in collaboration with a Malaysian chemist, Dr. Nordin Lajiz, Aat University of the Philippines in Los Banos, Laguna. He wants to provide Filipino farmers an alternative to commercial pesticide to lessen the cost of production. Kakawate plant is endemic to tropical countries such as Philippines.

Methodology
Location of the Study The study will be conducted in the L.E. Village Calamba City. Two setups will be prepared. One setup will be exposed to commercial pesticide and the other one to Madre de Cacao pesticide.
Instruments
There will be two setups wherein each setup will contain 10 termites. Commercial pesticide will be place in the first setup and Madre de Cacao on the other.
Data Gathering Each setup will be subjected to different kind of pesticide. One will take a commercial pesticide and the other one will take the Madre de Cacao pesticide. After few minutes, the number of dead termites will be recorded.
Statistical Analysis The T-Test will be used to the test the effectiveness of the Madre de Cacao pesticide. The difference between the perceptions of the two setups is to be studied.