...customers. For warranty purposes, there are four general categories of software defects that are of concern because they tend to be significant in product liability litigation: 1. Errors of commission, where something is done that is wrong. A classic example at the code level would be going through a loop one time too many or branching to the wrong address. An example of this kind of error at the specification level was noted in an IBM software specification where the data format for information being transmitted was different from the format expected by the receive function of the same application. An example of this kind of problem in user manuals is frequently found in usage instructions, where the command sequence in the user manual differs from what the software really uses. Many applications are shipped with "READ MW files which explain last-minute changes that were noted after printing of manuals occurred. 2. Errors of omission, where something was left out by accident. A minor but common example for code would be omitting one of the parentheses in nested expressions. In requirements and specifications, another common error of omission is to leave out discussions of opposites. For example, a specification might say "users must enter a valid personal security code...
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...site (http://essays.quotidiana.org/twain/art_of_inhumation/ ) less than desirable from a visual and graphical viewpoint. When I first took a look at this Twain site, I was immediately disturbed by the bad bordering that affected the look of the home page. The photo of Twain in the upper left corner of the page was nice, but it was probably the only feature that came across as acceptable to me during this initial first impression moment. The entire right side of the page shows a complete misuse of white space and leaves the page quite out of balance. The white space that is demonstrated on this site is not quite how one should utilize this element of design within a web page. Many times an experienced professional web designer will skew the balance of a page by placing the heavier weight on one side of a page but counter it by placing two or three smaller scale designs on the opposite side of the same page. This is definitely not one of those occasions as the balance is not even close to being equaled out. The entire page is counterproductive to several very important design elements in web page creation. The consistency of the page is questionable, the sequence is not smoothly conveyed, and the overall proportion of the site is just not there. Because of these design errors the webpage’s entire center of gravity is thrown off, and it leaves the reader with little more than a...
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...showing that a very negative life experience, such as Sachi leaving Tarumi urgently, makes him forget about the past good life experiences. Mastu’s garden design is also representative, but for his personality. Early on in the book, Stephen is meeting Matsu for the first time, so he is unaware about his personality or interests. For example, the first representation of Matsu’s personality that...
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...skills/expertise/interdepent task -pooled split up, do apart, glue together -sequential 1 way dependency -reciprocal 2 way Leadership: - main lship styles coercive - immediate compliance from ees use str8fwd tasks problem EEs crisis sits NOT use complex tasks self-mot, talented EEs ovr LT authoritative - LT direction and vision for team use new vision/clear direction needed (times of ch) new team member needs guidance you’re expert/source of auth NOT use EE exp, know much as you if not more promoting self-managed teams/participative decis-making affiliative leader - creating harmony among EEs and btwn l and team use str8fwd and perf is adequate diverse/conflicting grps to work together EEs exp personal difficulties NOT use bad EEs perf corrective pef feedback is nec crisis/complex sits, clarity control needed EE task-oriented individs democratic - building commitment and consensus among EEs Use competent, have as much/more knowl as you mems’ work muts b coord you’re unclear about best approach/have competent mems who might have clearer ideas NOT use crisis, no t for meetings/discussions incompetent, lack crucial info.. need close supervision pacesetting - accompl tasks to a hi standard of excellence use mems also pacesetters, indep @ hi standard resource/t constraints nec manager involvement EE performing poorly and isn’t showing signs of improvement NOT use unclear direction of team,...
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...pages within the website are easy to find. A well-designed website should persuade the visitor to want to spend more time visiting the site and return to it again in the future. Poorly designed websites have a tendency to “shock” the visitor by using unreadable combinations of color (like a blue background with red text), confusing layout, unclear or unusable navigation and unreadable fonts. These are some aspects that determine the design differences between a “successful” and an “unsuccessful” website, which is what I’m going to talk about. Web design and development is my major, and knowing these differences are some of the basics we are taught. So how is it decided that a website is good or bad? Everyone has their own opinion so it can sometimes be difficult to make this determination, but there are quite a few aspects that most professional web designers agree upon when designing a website for a client. The first aspect is purpose and clarity. Successful websites have a well-defined purpose, so focusing on this aspect is helpful in the design process. Some things to consider are: will the site be a source of information on a topic, endorsing a service, advertising a product, or to inform people about you? If the purpose is to make money, the website will require different features than an informational type of website or a site that is intended for family and friends. It should be...
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...Professional Communication Writing Assignment 3 -- Bad News Message Instructions In this assignment you will complete a collaborative project designed to solve the problem of delivering bad news. Communicating bad news is one example of a complex workplace problem. Incorporate strategies for analyzing group dynamics, resolving conflict, and communicating in a multicultural environment to complete the project. Each group has a dedicated discussion area to work on the assignment which begins with an individual effort. Situation: Giving Bad News to a Customer ------------------------------------------------- You are the sales manager at Easy to Be Green. One of the company’s services is to design and install energy-efficient heating, cooling, and insulation systems in both new and existing buildings. Because these systems are custom-designed and involve a variety of sub-contractors, no changes can be made to the design after a date specified in the contract. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- This morning one of your sales people, Chris, comes to you with a problem. The construction manager at Greenfield Community College, a new client with a huge campus and many ongoing construction and renovation projects, has written to Chris requesting a change in the location of a venting apparatus to accommodate a change in the campus’s overall design plan. The request was made two weeks after the date...
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...Professional Communication Writing Assignment 3 -- Bad News Message Instructions In this assignment you will complete a collaborative project designed to solve the problem of delivering bad news. Communicating bad news is one example of a complex workplace problem. Incorporate strategies for analyzing group dynamics, resolving conflict, and communicating in a multicultural environment to complete the project. Each group has a dedicated discussion area to work on the assignment which begins with an individual effort. Situation: Giving Bad News to a Customer ------------------------------------------------- You are the sales manager at Easy to Be Green. One of the company’s services is to design and install energy-efficient heating, cooling, and insulation systems in both new and existing buildings. Because these systems are custom-designed and involve a variety of sub-contractors, no changes can be made to the design after a date specified in the contract. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- This morning one of your sales people, Chris, comes to you with a problem. The construction manager at Greenfield Community College, a new client with a huge campus and many ongoing construction and renovation projects, has written to Chris requesting a change in the location of a venting apparatus to accommodate a change in the campus’s overall design plan. The request was made two weeks after the date...
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...LYING?! FINAL ASSIGNMENT Lying is an interesting topic to discuss. It is a common wrong act that everybody does quite often in their lives regardless of good lies or bad lies. I’ve never spent times to think deeply about lying until I joined Business Ethics of my MBA program. What I remember most about lying from when I was a child is that lying is not always bad and if your lies do not leave bad consequences, and it does not harm anyone, then it is fine. Recently, I have done some research on articles about lies, and it changes my perception about lying. I found an interesting blog about “Categories of Lies - White Lies, Grey Lies, and Black Lies”, Truth Lies Deception and Coverups Blogger 2015 (TLDCB). So what is the definition of a lie? According to BBC – Ethic Guide, “lying is a form of deception, but not all forms of deception are lies.” I agree with this definition, not all forms of deception are lies, and all lies are not the same. To me, sometimes lying is appropriate and necessary in some circumstances. However, to have a better judgment of information receiving every day, we should constantly be concerned with all of our communication. The article I’ve read about categories of lies clearly defines “the major distinguishing factors between the major categories of lies are intent, consequence, and public acceptability”. I reckon those are undeniably correct. Before going to details of the analysis, from the article, we will look at the classification system of lying....
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...Spring 2012 – simple rules of UID UI examples User-Centered UID principles ‐User‐Centered Design‐ 1 2 CMC Support: Rules 1. Strive for consistency — consistent sequence of actions — identical terminology — limited use of exceptions CMC Support: Rules (cont-d) 4. Design dialogs to yield closure — group of actions: “begin-middle-end” — end means “drop from the user’s mind” 2. Enable frequent users to use shortcuts ICST: Week 07, Spring 2012 5. Offer error prevention and handling — prevent serious errors — serious errors should not change the system state, or — the system should give instructions how to restore the state 3. Offer informative feedback — modest for frequent actions — more substantial for major actions — visual 3 ICST: Week 07, Spring 2012 — abbreviations, special keys, hidden commands, macros 6. Permit easy reversal of actions — encourages exploration — gives feeling of safety 4 CMC Support: Rules (cont-d) 7. Adapt type of control — users usually want to be “in charge” — make the user the initiator rather than the responder Examples: Inconsistent UI 8. Reduce short-term memory load ICST: Week 07, Spring 2012 ICST: Week 07, Spring 2012 5 — simple displays — reduce window-motion frequency — prompt access to command syntax, forms, abbreviations, codes — provide necessary information — recognition rather than recall 6 Examples: Confusing UI Bad UI Examples: Error or What? ICST: Week 07, Spring 2012 ...
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...magnets that could cause serious injury to children if ingested. Mattel blamed the lead paint problem on its Chinese suppliers who had subcontracted with other suppliers. The media storm around the recalls caused a loss of consumer confidence in the “Made in China” brand. Chinese officials felt that Mattel unfairly blamed Chinese suppliers for all the recall problems when in fact, the lead issue was relatively small and the remainder of the recalls was due to design problems over which the Chinese suppliers had no control. They were merely producing the products Mattel had designed in the U.S. and had no control over the design process. Evaluate Alternatives Mattel seems to have lost touch with some of the links in its supply chain for the lead paint related toys and there was a lack of enforcement if the suppliers didn’t follow Mattel’s rules. Some Chinese suppliers also subcontracted to other suppliers who also did not comply with Mattel requirements and Mattel wasn’t aware of the subcontracting. For example, Lee Der was a high quality, trusted manufacturing company which had worked exclusively for Mattel since its founding. Lee Der’s paint supplier was Dongxing New Energy, owned by a best friend of Lee Der’s deputy chair, Chueng. Dongxing was not on the approved supplier list for Mattel and Mattel had not noticed this fact or overlooked it because there had not been any quality problems. However, Dongxing ran out of yellow pigment so they bought some over the internet...
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...that have nothing to do with biology, science, or geology. Then why did I take this class you might ask? An easy answer will be that my student advisor recommended it and I didn’t think about it and just enrolled in it; but I look at things differently and always trying to find the positive side, I believe that it was meant for me to take this class, I needed to be exposed out of my comfort zone to a subject that if it wouldn’t have been this way I would have probably remained ignorant all my life. With that being said, I will venture on this essay to explain what I’ve learned about evolution, talk about evidence that we have found on the rocks including documented changes through the evolution of species like vestiges, embryos and bad designs. I will talk about the engine of evolution, given that some variations are heritable and that they can be passed from parents to offspring in the process of reproduction, including evolution by natural selection. While talking about reproduction, I’ll explain how sex drives evolution going back to the origin of species and ending in the present time with us the human species. The term evolution derives from the Latin term ēvolūtiō and makes reference to the verb evolve and its effects. This action is linked with a change in state or dis involvement and its result as a new aspect or form of any element. Evolution can also be understood as a process that some things need to go through and consists on leaving behind a stage to move to...
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...The Effect of Product Liability on Engineers Sam Heithoff Mechanical Systems Design 8-27-12 The objective of this paper is to show that while general law processes in America are wasteful and hinder people and companies, product liability is beneficial to engineers. Since the inception and revolution of product liability law, the engineering process has been affected. Through specific examples and firsthand accounts, it will be established that the relationship between product safety mandates and standard engineering practices is symbiotic. America is a sue-happy country. A sentiment uttered by many patriots and internationals alike, there are even organizations formed purely to stand against the American litigious nature. Although whether it is culture or simply the 1.2 million lawyers eager to prove themselves in court remains to be seen. While lawsuit abuse has harmed innumerous people worldwide, practical legal pursuits improve the security of general life in society. From an engineering standpoint, product liability suits fall under the latter category. While some companies state that product liability hinders innovation by funneling company resources away from engineers and other productive ventures, most cases show that product liability does not inhibit creativity [1]. Certainly there are frivolous suits in the realm of product liability just like any other aspect of the legal system, but engineers are protected from potentially ridiculous claims. With legal...
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...Symposium and Published in the Proceedings of the Third International Symposium of the INCOSE - Volume 2, 1993. Disclaimer: the original author is the SOLE owner of this document and should credited with it. The only difference between the original documents and this document is formatting and some added clarification of certain examples and follow up analysis.. Table of Contents 1. introduction 4 2. good requirements 5 3. Common problems 6 3.1 Bad assumptions 7 3.2 writing implementation (how) instead of requirements (what) 8 3.3 describing operations instead of requirements 10 3.4 using incorrect terms 11 3.5 using incorrect sentence structure or bad grammar 13 3.6 missing requirements 16 3.7 over specifying 18 4. writing quality requirements – qa check points 20 4.1 chatacteristics of quality requirement statements 21 4.1.1 correct 22 4.1.2 feasible 23 4.1.3 necessary 24 4.1.4 priotirized 25 4.1.5 unambiguous 26 4.1.6 verifiable 27 4.1.7 Complete 28 4.1.8 Consistent 29 4.1.9 modifiable 30 4.1.10 traceable 31 5. reviewing requirements for quality 32 5.1 example #1 33 5.2 example #2 34 5.3 example #3 35 5.4 example #4 36 6. Revision History 37 1. introduction This document will address what makes good requirements. It will cover some of the most common issues that are encountered in writing requirements. The information provided in this document will be used as training tool for analysts to help them write quality requirements...
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...ICHEC – Professor Luc Moeremans 2015/2016 Catarina Duarte 153111 Corporate Strategy Good Strategy / Bad Strategy The difference and why it matters by Richard Rumelt Part I The book Good Strategy/Bad Strategy written by the professor of business and society in the school of business and management UCLA - Richard Rumelt - clarifies the difference between good strategies and bad strategies and provides a thorough understanding of how to create and think about good strategies. It daylights a fundamental range of aspects to which has not been given much importance and where people fail when trying to manage an organization, a school or even a research. Presenting interesting and fascinating examples of contemporary businesses and from world’s history, Richard Rumelt motivates his ideas and makes the readers have a clear understanding of them. The difference between a good strategy and what people think of a “good strategy” has grown over the years. In the opinion of Richard Rumelt a strategy is not a goal or a vision but a plan to achieve that ambition. It is fundamental to find and understand what problems an organization is facing and design a way to coordinate actions and resources in order to deal with those problems. The problem is when leaders cannot define those obstacles, making impossible to create a strategy to overcome the organization’s challenges; or when leaders mistake the plan to deal with the organization’s problems with statements of desire...
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...program adequately cover the relevant information on controlling food costs, to what extent will the design of the program facilitate the stated objectives, and based on my analysis of the content and design- what are the key changes I would make to this program. Through my own knowledge of controlling food costs, lectures, and outside readings I will compile a practical critique that digs deep into the American Food and Vending’s program. * To what extent does this program adequately cover the relevant information on controlling food costs? * The program covers controlling food costs extensively, and does adequately cover a large range of information; however, the information seems somewhat generic and does not go into specific detail on how exactly the company specifically lowers its food costs. * To what extent will the design of the program facilitate the stated objectives? * The program highlights its objectives upfront, unpacks each step of the Eight-Step Model, and goes into detail about each objective. The design of the program allows the reader to clearly see the company’s stated objectives, and then learn about each of them in a comprehensible manner through detail and hands-on learning. * What are the key changes I would make to this program? * Based on my analysis of the content and design, I would give more real-life examples of specific ways the company did something right and saved the company money in food costs, as well as...
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