...Medication Dispensing Errors and Potential Adverse Drug Events before and after Implementing Bar Code Technology in the Pharmacy Eric G. Poon, MD, MPH; Jennifer L. Cina, PharmD; William Churchill, MS; Nirali Patel, PharmD; Erica Featherstone, BS; Jeffrey M. Rothschild, MD, MPH; Carol A. Keohane, BSN, RN; Anthony D. Whittemore, MD; David W. Bates, MD, MSc; and Tejal K. Gandhi, MD, MPH Background: Many dispensing errors made in hospital pharmacies can harm patients. Some hospitals are investing in bar code technology to reduce these errors, but data about its efficacy are limited. Objective: To evaluate whether implementation of bar code technology reduced dispensing errors and potential adverse drug events (ADEs). Design: Before-and-after study using direct observations. Setting: Hospital pharmacy at a 735-bed tertiary care academic medical center. Intervention: A bar code–assisted dispensing system was implemented in 3 configurations. In 2 configurations, all doses were scanned once during the dispensing process. In the third configuration, only 1 dose was scanned if several doses of the same medication were being dispensed. Measurements: Target dispensing errors, defined as dispensing errors that bar code technology was designed to address, and target potential ADEs, defined as target dispensing errors that can harm patients. Results: In the pre– and post–bar code implementation periods, the authors observed 115 164 and 253 984 dispensed medication doses, respectively...
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...Implementation Guide for the Use of Bar Code Technology in Healthcare Sponsored by Implementation Guide for the Use of Bar Code Technology in Healthcare © 2003 HIMSS 230 E. Ohio St., Suite 500 Chicago, IL 60611 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, adapted, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. HIBCC ® and HIN® System are trademarks of the Health Industry Business Communications Council. ISBN: 0-9725371-2-0 Table of Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi Chapter 1: The Basics What is a bar code? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 How can you benefit from bar coding? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...Chapter Three Logistics Information Systems I. Learning objectives and requirements 1. to know why timely and accurate information is critical for effective logistics systems design and operations 2. to know four levels of SCIS’s functionality including transaction systems, management control, decision analysis, and strategic planning 3. to understand the comprehensive information system integration 4. to know how firms obtain access to supply chain applications 5. to understand the comprehensive information system integration 6. to know the remarkable advances in logistics communication systems capability II. Learning contents Section I. Information System Functionality 1. Main contents 1) Why Timely and Accurate Information is Critical for Effective Logistics Systems Design and Operations. (“Without accurate information the effort involved in the logistical system can be wasted.” in Chapter Two) There are four reasons why timely and accurate information has become more critical for effective logistics systems design and operations:a) Customer perceive information about order status, product availability, delivery schedule, shipment tracking, and invoices as necessary elements of total customer service. Customers demand access to real time information. b) With the goal of reducing total supply chain assets, managers realize that information can be used to reduce inventory and human resource requirements. In particular, requirements planning using the most current information...
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...Case Study: Logistics & Distribution Printronix Solution Saved Sara Lee Intimate Apparel A Quarter Million Dollars in Fees Sara Lee Intimate Apparel, headquartered in Winston-Salem, N.C., has a 70-year tradition of products with fashion, fit, comfort, quality and design. Its founders, Sam and Sara Stein, launched its Bali business in the mid-1920s by combining new raw materials with changing fashion trends accentuating shape. Playtex was developed by a Dupont Chemist after WWII. Sara Lee Intimate Apparel was formed in the late 1980s from the purchase of these two companies. The company’s flagship Bali and Playtex brands, as well as newer Wonderbra and Barely There lines comprise a powerful department and specialty store presence, while its Hanes Her Way, Just My Size and Lovable brands combine to bring superior styling to the mass merchandise market. A sub-division of Sara Lee Branded Apparel, Sara Lee Intimate Apparel manufactures and distributes more than 70 percent of the intimate apparel sold retail and private label in the United States. Because of the differing distribution requirements in the retail markets, the company operates two separate facilities in Kings Mountain, N.C. Combined, the company distributes more than 720,000 garments a day, via 36,000 outbound cartons, to thousands of customer locations, including JC Penney, Kohl’s, Macy’s, Mervyn’s, Sears and Wal-Mart. Bar code labels are affixed to each garment and carton the company ships. Sara Lee...
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...Session 5: Supply Chain Inventory Management Assignment 3: Case Response Barilla SpA (A) Submitted by: Lena Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Issue Identification 4 Issue Identification including Root Cause Analysis 5 Recommendations 7 Implementation Plan 8 Monitor and Control 10 References 11 Executive Summary Barilla SpA is the world’s largest pasta producer is initiating the Just-in-Time Distribution (JITD), which is supposed to help the company to meet the demand fluctuations imposed on the company’s manufacturing and distribution system. The company had realised that leaving money on the table with understocking or increasing costs with overstocking is not an option. The current delivery system at Barilla follows the traditional way of ordering through distribution centres placing orders with the company. Instead, Barilla SpA wants to engage its own logistics organizations, which would specify the appropriate delivery quantities that would meet end-customer needs and distribute the workload on Barilla’s manufacturing and logistics system. The predicament exists in Barilla’s customers, sales representative and marketing organizations resistance to change and internal resistance toward implementing JITD. In this case study response I will be providing analysis and recommendation on how to increase the chances the Barilla’s management idea of JITD would be acceptable and provide the reasons...
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...14042024David Teo Liang ChyeBM 0245INFORMATION mANAGEMENT | ByMr Shireesh | RFID | | | | Words Count: 2,180 Tables of Content Page Tables of Content 1 Introduction 2 What is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)? 2 - 3 Purpose of RFID 3 - 6 Benefits of RFID 6 Disadvantages of RFID 6 Points of View 7 Conclusion 8 References 9 Introduction Imagine a technology that could slice the time it takes a retailer to measure inventory, one that could provide accurate information about a single tem as it moves from manufacturing through a store and then on to post-sales support. Imagine one that could finally fully automate checkout, freeing store personnel to provide increased...
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...INTRODUCTION The rapidly changing culture, politics and economics of modern life deeply affect the industrial environment, especially consumer industries such as textiles and clothing (Lowson, King & Hunter 1999). One of the impacts is that the contemporary North American and European textile and apparel industries suffer immense competition from foreign producers (Yan & Fiorito 2002). As early as the mid-1980s, imports were estimated to account for close to 50% of consumption (Lowson, King & Hunter 1999). As most imported textiles are produced with very low labor expense, huge amounts of inexpensive products can be supplied in the domestic market. Considering this situation, competitiveness in cost and quality continue to be key issues for textile manufacturers. In order to significantly reduce time and cost in the supply chain, the industry needed to become more focused on consumers by developing a supply chain management process that would be demand driven and production that would be synchronized to replenish product at the consumer's pull rate (Lovejoy 2001). Today, consumers desire to personalize the style, fit and color of the clothes they buy, and require high-quality customized products at low prices with faster delivery (Lee & Chen 1999). New manufacturing technologies such as 3D body scanners, CAD/CAM systems, and digital textile printers have played a key role in increasing the effectiveness, flexibility, agility, and precision of production. ...
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...Applying Lean Concepts in a Warehouse Operation Frank Garcia Partner ADVENT DESIGN CORPORATION What We’ll Cover Basic Lean Concepts for Warehouse Improvement Using Value Stream Maps: Current & Future State Implementing Process Improvements Case Study Using and Ongoing Application (Pork Producer) WHAT TO DO ABOUT THE WAREHOUSE? • • • • • Too many people Excessive material handling Inventory inaccuracies Don’t ship the pounds No space!!!! Need to Expand! WAREHOUSE CHALLENGES Focus on Manufacturing. Warehouse is a box on the VSM Office & Info Flow Customer Demands Product pushed into warehouse & pulled by customers Warehouse Application of Lean Principles to an area that exists because of waste in the value stream or customer Production Suppliers demand/lead time Warehouse is the crossroads of conflicting requirements How Do We Use Lean Techniques for Warehouse Improvement? Assess the operation using a Value Stream Map and/or PFDs (Product families & Warehouse data) Involve the operators & supervisors Identify lean improvements & kaizens Question every activity! Treat the warehouse like a large staging area Develop justification Implement lean improvements using VSM plan Start the cycle again! Lean Manufacturing Fundamental Principle of Lean Manufacturing Any activity or action which does not add value to the product is a form of waste and must be eliminated or minimized. In the Warehouse Customer Pays for Shipping Everything Else Must Be Minimized ! What Do We Need...
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...SCHOOL AUTOMATE WITH BARCODE SCANNER FOR KIDS OF THE KING OF THE CHRISTIAN ACADEMY A Software Project Presented to the Faculty of the College of Computer Studies Our Lady of Fatima University Antipolo City by JOHN GABRIEL N. PARADA JONATHAN A. SUMULONG JEAN HARLAN S. REYLA ARVIN JAY B. BONITA In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Information Technology September 2015 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The Kids of the King Christian Academy started its operation in 1993 established by Ms. Arlene Bignay. The Kids of tbe King Christian Academy located at Antipolo City, Rizal offers quality education to their students and have highly educated teachers consists of grade school and high school students with the total of 700 students for academic year 2015-2016 of which 65 grade 1 students, 67 grade 2 students, 70 grade 3 students, 58 grade 4 students, 74 grade 5 students, 75 grade 6 students, 65 grade 7 students, 75 grade 8 students, 74 3rd year students, and 77 4th year students. The Kids of the King Christian Academy has the following services: Admission office, Registrar Office, Guidance Office, and Accounting Office. Among the offices, the survey shows that there is an observe difference in the existing and proposed system. With the survey result, it proves that the Registrar Office, Accounting Office, and Guidance Office needs a system to improve...
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...Abstract An electronic bar code medication administration was a system developed and successfully implemented in a 118-bed Veterans Administration hospital in February 2000. Known as Barcode Medication Administration (BCMA), this software proved useful in generating fast and accurate medication administration as well as online patient medication records preservation. The application created by the Eastern Kansas Health Care System in association with Colmery-O’Neil VA Medical Center has been modified a number of times to meet the general requirements in all U.S. Veterans Health Administration medical centers. The implementation of Barcode Medication Administration software has enabled electronic bedside administration of medication of medications. Online Barcode technology is revolutionizing medication administration more aspects than originally thought, and is such a blessing to the business industry in terms of cost cutting. To be honest, the force driving the momentum in the adoption of the new systems has been majorly based on financial, rather than safety concerns. The fee for- service compensation systems has done exceedingly well in increasing revenue to hospitals resulting from additional technology-related charges levied on patients for each dose dispensed (Cohen, 2002). From the evidences adduced in this research, bar code technology seems to hold great promise for general improvements in medication safety and efficiency. Nevertheless, evidence so far is limited...
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...UPS Case Study Q1. What are the inputs, processing, and outputs of UPS’s package tracking system? Q2. What technologies are used by UPS? How are these technologies related to UPS’s business strategy? ------------------------------------------------- A1. User’s interaction with UPS’s package tracking system: Inputs: The inputs include package information, customer signature, pickup, delivery, time-card data, current location while en route, and billing and customer clearance documentation. Processing: The data is sent to a central computer and stored for retrieval. Data is also reorganized so that it may be tracked by customer account, date, driver, and other criteria such as the consolidation of orders for efficient final delivery of packages. Outputs: The outputs include pickup and delivery times, location while en route, and package recipient information. The outputs also include various reports, such as all packages for a specific account or a specific driver or route, as well as summary reports for management. A2: Since the 1980’s, UPS began improving their data networking applications. UPS built up their IT network and database in order to collect and track over 200 data elements for every single package. Delivery Information Acquisition Devices (or DIAD) handheld devices are used by UPS truck drivers to download and upload all types of information, including signatures or updated routes, and is constantly fed and feeding a central UPS server. While...
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...How Walmart Uses E-commerce in Its Supply Chain In 2011, Walmart’s sales amounted to $419 billion and were ranked first in Fortune 500’s list of world’s largest companies by revenue. (Walmart 2011). What contributed to Walmart’s success? With heavy investment into their supply chain management system it has enable them to reduce overall costs, minimize inventory levels, and optimize logistics and distribution thus making them more successful. Analysis will be made as to why Walmart is concentrating on supply chain projects, why some suppliers are not in compliance with mandatory RFID tags, and how e-commerce improves transaction processing. Why Walmart is Concentrating on Supply Chain Projects Walmart is investing heavily in projects to constantly improve their supply chain which will allow them to lower overall costs and increases profit margin. An illustration of this is that prior to the efforts on supply chain management in 2002, on sales of $218B, they generated a return of 3%. In 2011, their profit margin increased to 6.1% while doubling revenue. By constantly upgrading the management of product through the various distribution channels and the process in which consumers receive products, time and money can be saved by Walmart which in turn benefits the consumer. In order for Walmart to remain successful on a global level, being competitive is the key. To be competitive in the “front of the house”, they must remain competitive in the “back of the house”. ...
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...Centre for Pre-University Studies FRA/FRB FRA/FRB April Intake Semester 1 2015/2016 Lecture Notes Workbook FPIT1023 Information and Communication Technology Prepared By: chai li kuen, chang pei fah, chik soon leong Name of Student: ________________________________________ Class: ________________________________________ Name of Lecturer/Tutor: ________________________________________ *The contents are not for sale and strictly meant for internal circulation only. Main references supporting the course 1. Gary, B &Shelly 2012, Discovering Computers - Complete: Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World, Course Technology. 2. O’Leary, TJ & O’Leary, L I 2011, Computing Essentials, McGraw-Hill. Additional references supporting the course 1. Morley, D & Parker, CS 2013, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 14th edn, Course Technology, Thomson Learning, United States. 2. Williams, BK, Sawyer, SC 2013, Using Information Technology,10th edn, McGraw-Hill. Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers Objectives Overview: * Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information * Describe the five components of a computer * Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers * Distinguish between system software and application software * Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category *...
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........................................................10 Frequently Asked Questions ...............................................................................11 Resources...........................................................................................................13 Executive Summary The Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) is the foundation of the GS1 System (formerly the EAN.UCC System) for uniquely identifying trade items, which includes both products and services that are sold, delivered, and invoiced at any point in the supply chain. GTINs provide unique identification worldwide. The GTIN is encountered most frequently at point of sale and on cases and pallets of products in a distribution/warehouse environment. GTINs can be encoded into various types of GS1 bar codes and Electronic Product Codes™ (EPC) which are programmed into Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. The GTIN is a required component of the Global Data Synchronization Network™ (GDSN™) and various types of e-commerce transactions. They are most...
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...Q1: UPS 1 What are the inputs, processing, and outputs of UPS’s package tracking system? INPUTS: barcoded label (which has all the information regarding addresses, names and other info of the packages, all of this translated into a barcode). PROCESSING: the DIAD. OUTPUT: the information about the package (which was firstly translated into a barcode) that can be read by the DIAD, and so, the DIAD displays the addresses, names, etc. 2 What technologies are used by UPS? How are these technologies related to UPS’s business strategy? The technologies used by UPS are data management technology, networking and telecommunications technology, IT infrastructure and computer hardware and software. These technologies are related to their business strategy because they will be able to be more efficient and maintain high levels of customer service, while keeping costs low (e.g. avoiding pakages to go to wrong locations). 3 What business objectives do UPS’s information systems address? This UPS's information system addresses as objectives: operational excellence, customer and supplier intimacy and, finally, a competitive advantage. 4 What would happen if these systems were not available? If these systems were not available, UPS would not be able to be so efficient, it would not serve customers that well, it would not be so productive and consequently, it would not be that competitive. Q2: FEDEX 1 List the Business Processes displayed in the Video? When a package arrives...
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