...Baroque Period In the years around 1600, music underwent rapid changes at the sophisticated courts and churches of northern Italy. The Baroque Period is a period of dramatic expression, of a vigorous, highly ornamented art. With new exciting resources, composers began to write motets, madrigals, and other pieces with new simplicity. This new style took over Italy and it spread out to most of Europe. The term Baroque means imperfect pearl which is used to describe its eccentric redundancy and noisy abundance of details, which sharply contrasted the rationality of the Renaissance. Back in the nineteenth century, the term was interpreted as overly ornamented or exaggerated. This emotional, and exaggerated fashion lead to a break down in the fluid of High Renaissance style. Many of the Baroque personalities from the first part of the period hail from Italy, including Monteverdi, Scarlatti, Corelli, and Vivaldi. Cantata, concerto, sonata, oratorio, and opera, were all forms identified with Baroque music originated from Italy. Although this period initialized in Italy, creating a national style, differences between nations are audible. There was a particular contrast of composition and performance between Italy and France. One of the major philosophical currents in baroque music comes from the Renaissance interest in ideas from ancient Greece and Rome. Both believed that music was a powerful tool of communication that could arouse emotion to its listeners. Their philosophy made...
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...Unit 5 Individual Project Dallas Hyde AIU Abstract Three works of art in the Baroque Style are presented. Thoughts are given about the visual appearance of the three pieces. A summary of the artist’s personal philosophies of art is attempted. We explore these works and how they fit into the Baroque time period. The three works are then compared and contrasted in form and content. Baroque Art We will look at three fine pieces of art from three great artists from the Baroque Period. Each artist though separated by hundreds of miles or decades painted using light and darkness for dramatic effect. The first painting example is a Pieta from the Baroque Period. It was done by Annibale Carracci from Bologna, in Northern Italy. Annibale’s Pieta shows Mary holding her son after he was crucified. The edges of the painting are dark and your eyes are drawn to Christ through Carracci’s use of light. Christ is the main figure of the painting but his mother is at the center. Mary is painted in a soft blue in contrast to the pale Christ. She has a look of sorrow and her left hand is out stretched like she is questioning why this has happened. Two small angels are also in the painting, one holds Jesus’ hand while the other inspects the crown of thorns. Carracci was one of the most admired painters of his time and helped create the Baroque style (Christiansen, Keith. 2003).He was a prominent figure in the movement against Mannerism. He founded the Accademia degli Incamminati (“Academy...
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...Artists and Artworks from the Baroque Period Nathan Hale American Intercontinental University Abstract The author of this paper examines three works of art from three different artists from the Baroque Period. He compares the different works of art and discusses similarities, differences, and the techniques that were used. The Baroque period ran from 1600 to 1770, Artist of that time used different techniques that were used during the renaissance period to bring drama to art. An immense amount of art in that period shows fantastic energy and emotion. These pieces of art that were designed and created during the Baroque period brought out emotion in the onlookers of the paintings and sculptures. Some of the ways the artist conveyed emotions in their pieces or works is they used dramatic use of light, scale and composition and the curves and the counter curves. The pieces usually hit the onlooker first, by the emotions that were portrayed by the way the artist conveyed his image in his pieces. Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggios is said to have lived the most dangerous and darkest life of most painters, it is said that he lived his life without any restraints. He painted ordinary people as models and painted them with unforgiving realism. His feeling against tradition gave new meaning to traditional themes in religious painting. In his early painting you can see his full revolt against both mannerism and classicism...
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...The Baroque Period was the age of reason when minds and imaginations opened up new worlds of scientific knowledge as well as artistic creativity. (Fleming, 75) The Baroque era was a period of opulence and magnificence that gave off a powerful awe inspiring style that was full of flamboyant concepts and overall dramatic quality. From Venice, as well as from Rome and the centers where international mannerism flourished, the roads to Baroque art fanned out in all directions. The style of Baroque art was so diverse that it’s difficult to determine what classifies it as being art of the Baroque era. Although Baroque art has many diverse artistic manifestations there are certain general characteristics that appear in all three types of Baroque art. The Counter Reformation Baroque style focuses on astonishing and overpowering its audience. Art of this time was also enlisted in serving the purposes of the church militant. The Aristocratic Baroque style focuses on glorifying the position and asserting national power and prestige. The last style of the Baroque age, Bourgeois Baroque, was marked by the concentration on down-to-earth common people of the middle class. The individuality of each style of the Baroque period is visibly distinctive, yet similar in their own exclusive approaches. The Counter Reformation art, which focused on the command of the church, was created by the Jesuits in 154. It was also dynamic and religious due to the influence of the church. In Artemisia Gentileschi’s...
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...Mannerism and Baroque Western Governors University Literature, Arts and the Humanities: Analysis and Interpretation IWT1 May 8, 2013 Mannerism and Baroque If you study art history at any length, you will become aware of the many different periods and their individual characteristics. There are prime times throughout art history that the general populations can easily identify such as Renaissance or Impressionism. They might even be able to name a few of the artists or their artwork. As you delve further into the rich history of art, you start to notice many deviations in the style of artists who are transitioning into a new artistic period. At first look, you might not see the subtle difference in the art from the norm from that period. An overlooked period in art history is the period between the Renaissance and the Baroque periods, the Mannerism period. This period was actually a rejection of the High Renaissance era. Mannerism is the artistic period from 1520- 1600. The word mannerism is derived from the Italian word maneria, which means style or stylishness. “Art began to lose its momentum at the end of the High Renaissance, beginning of the Mannerism period because it coincided with a period of upheaval that was torn by the Reformation, plague, and the devastating Sack of Rome.” ("The National Gallery of Art," 2013, para. 2). One of the greatest reasons for the shift in artistic style is that the Catholic Church was in chaos. The Catholic Church...
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...Intro. * The Baroque is a period of artistic style that used exaggerated motion and clear, * Interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, architecture, literature, dance and music. * The style began around 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread to most of Europe. * The Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church, What is Baroque Art? * Baroque art above all reflected the religious tensions of the age to reassert itself in the wake of the Protestant Reformation. * Was designed essentially to appeal to the growing aspirations of the merchant and middle classes * Baroque art tended to be large-scale works of public art, such as monumental wall-paintings and huge frescoes for the ceilings and vaults of palaces and churches. Baroque Architecture * Was designed to create spectacle and illusion. * The straight lines of the Renaissance were replaced with flowing curves, while domes/roofs were enlarged, and interiors carefully constructed to produce spectacular effects of light and shade. * Characterized by an emphasis on unity among the arts. * It was an emotional style, which, wherever possible, exploited the theatrical potential of the urban landscape - as illustrated by St Peter's Square (1656-67) in Rome, designed by architect, Bernini, Baroque Painting * Painters and sculptors built and expanded on the naturalistic tradition * The illusionistic effects of deep space interested...
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...The Baroque Era: Baroque was a popular style of architecture, sculpture, music, and painting in Europe from the mid-17th to the mid-18th century, particularly in the countries of the Catholic Reformation, including Flanders, Bohemia, and the Catholic states of Germany. Characterized by elaborate detail and dynamic movement, the baroque is often associated with excess, exaggeration, naturalism, and sensuality. The style was also encouraged by the Catholic Church because it emphasized religious themes in an emotionally charged and easily accessible fashion. The painter Peter Paul Rubens in Flanders and the sculptor Gianlorenzo Bernini in Rome were among the many baroque masters. Painting: A defining statement of what Baroque signifies in painting is provided by the series of paintings executed by Peter Paul Rubens for Marie de Medici at the Luxembourg Palace in Paris (now at the Louvre), in which a Catholic painter satisfied a Catholic patron: Baroque-era conceptions of monarchy, iconography, handling of paint, and compositions as well as the depiction of space and movement. Baroque style featured "exaggerated lighting, intense emotions, release from restraint, and even a kind of artistic sensationalism". Baroque art did not really depict the life style of the people at that time; however, "closely tied to the Counter-Reformation, this style melodramatically reaffirmed the emotional depths of the Catholic faith and glorified both church and monarchy" of their power and...
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...The Baroque (US /bəˈroʊk/ or UK /bəˈrɒk/) is often thought of as a period of artistic style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, architecture, literature, dance, and music. The style began around 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread to most of Europe.[1] The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.[2] The aristocracy also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumph, power and control. Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence. However, "baroque" has resonance and application that extend beyond a simple reduction to either style or period.[3] The word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word "barroco", Spanish "barroco", or French "baroque", all of which refer to a "rough or imperfect pearl", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain.[4] The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition thought the term was derived from the Spanish barrueco, a large, irregularly-shaped pearl, and that it had for a time been confined to the craft of the jeweller.[5]...
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...ART 101 ART HISTORY Module 1- CASE The ideology and culture of the Renaissance and Baroque Eras are reflected in artwork from the eras. Renaissance art seems to the moment before an event took place and the Baroque art is characterized by great drama, rich deep color, and intense light and dark shadows. Baroque artists chose the most dramatic point, the moment when the action was occurring. For example Michelangelo designed his David composed and still before he fights against Goliath. In Bernini's David in the Baroque era is caught in the motion of hurling the stone at Goliath. “Baroque art was meant to evoke emotion and passion instead of the calm rationality that had been prized during the Renaissance.” During the Renaissance Era, painters began to enhance the realism of their work by using new techniques in perspective. Their artwork represented three dimensions more realistically. Michelangelo's David was noted to be one of the greatest pieces of art to come from the Renaissance era. The 17 foot statue took Michelangelo almost five years to complete and now stands in the Galeria dell'Academia in Firenze, Italy. Michelangelo's five year of labor and hard work is now considered to be the "poster-child" of the Renaissance Art movement that started in the 14th century and lasted for a couple hundred years. The word Renaissance when used to describe the development of Western Civilization is defined as “rebirth or revival”. The era of Renaissance is considered to be...
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...Fundamental Concepts, Methods and Modes In the Humanities Imagination, Values, and Emotions Renaissance versus Baroque February 2014 The Renaissance era has been considered a time of move into the modern day. The term Renaissance means rebirth, and came from the French. The Renaissance started in Italy and extended throughout Europe between the fourteenth and seventeenth century. It was throughout the Renaissance that Europe saw many large social, scholarly and economic changes. Old-fashioned values of the Church were lost which in turn permitted artists the freedom and liberty to discover the human mind and body. The Renaissance era allowed art to progress far past conventional and traditional religious focus to imitate human feeling and realism in art. Although faith continued to be the core guidance during the Renaissance, the beginning and acknowledgment of human form, expression and scientific study became very lively inspirations within the arts. Renaissance art saw the rebirth of nature and the human figure. Sculpting and painting practices advanced greatly throughout the Renaissance. Artists started using different methods like laws of portion, physical appearance, the linear perspective, balance, and physical appearance. Main characteristics of Renaissance art included admiration and tribute to the human body and nature, realistic linear perspective and importance on the association of light and shadow. Some of the world’s...
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...Baroque Period HUMA205-1201B-08: Art Appreciation AIU Online Colin Batson Sir Anthony Van Dyck is the first artist that I have chosen to write about. Sir Van Dyck was known for doing portraits for such people like the Genoese aristocracy, and helped to usher in the immortal type of noblemen, with the portraits of the men as proud and slender in frame. One of his well known portraits is his “Portrait of a Young General.” This portrait was created between the years of 1622 and 1627. The Portrait is of a young white male with brownish black armor. He is standing in a regal pose looking away from the artist. The technique that was used for the portrait was oil on canvas. Van Dyck influenced English portrait painting for 150 years after his time, and he was also one of the most important innovators of water color and etching. One of the most well known artists of the Baroque period has to have been Rembrandt Van Rijn. Just like Van Dyck he favored realism which some of his critics would go on to say that he preferred ugliness over beauty. Rembrandt was known to create portraits as well with one of them being a “Portrait of an Old Jewish Man.” The painting shows an old Jewish man who might have been a Rabbi, sitting forward in a chair, the portrait has a dark background, and the robes of the man are colored in a contrasting brown color, he has a whit beard and his skin looks to be a little pale. The technique that was used was oil on canvas, and it was created...
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...Style of Baroque Art In painting: * Peter Paul Rubens of Flanders was one of the great masters of the Baroque style. He used colors to paint highly emotional religious scenes. * Most brilliant of the dutch realists was Rembrandt van Rijn. Though he followed no particular faith, he was interested in particular values and often chose religious subject matters. Renaissance artists found ways to give a natural appearance to their subjects. Artists of the 1600s were often influenced by the rapid change in religion, politics, and trade. Their art reflected the dynamic confusion, unrest, and energy of their times. In this period, works of art became larger and technically complicated. Perspective was distorted. Artists showed extremes of movement, excitement, light, and shadow. The cool restraint of the renaissance changed into dynamic activity of the baroque. New style of operas and symphonies were composed in Italy. The Baroque style of Architecture prevailed in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries were characterized by elaborate and grotesque forms an ornamentations. In painting, this is characterized by movement, energy, and restlessness. The Baroque style in Architecture is marked by heavy sculptural, extravagantly ornamented facade. The giant twisted columns, broken sediments, and the variety of motifs such as scrolls, scallops, trellies, urns, and angels. Neoclassic started in 1764 in Europe, England, and America. Classicism was popular through the French...
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...L'armonia sonora: Continuo Orchestration in Monteverdi's orfeo Author(s): Stephen Stubbs Source: Early Music, Vol. 22, No. 1, Monteverdi II (Feb., 1994), pp. 86-89+91-93+95-98 Published by: Oxford University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3128484 . Accessed: 17/11/2014 09:47 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . Oxford University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Early Music. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 159.242.187.205 on Mon, 17 Nov 2014 09:47:06 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions matters Performing StephenStubbs L'armonia in sonora: continuo orchestration Monteverdi's Orfeo n performing Italian music of the early 17th century, the modern interpretermust often answer the question, 'Which instrument or combination of instruments should realizethe bass?'Severalpublications from the first decade of the 17thcentury shed light on the norms and expectations of execution and instrumentation of...
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...Baroque art and architecture is one of the major historical developments in Western art. Like other great styles, the baroque first found expression in architecture and spread from there to painting and sculpture and eventually even to music. It flourished from the latter half of the 16th century to the beginning of the 18th century, with its high-water mark probably being the decade from 1630 to 1640. In the past, some interpreters, especially in England and France, were inclined to consider the baroque as a mere perversion of the Renaissance style. This view, however, is now outdated, and in recent years there has been a widespread revival of interest in the baroque. The richness and variety of baroque forms make it difficult to characterize the style. All artistic styles contain certain contradictions, but the baroque is particularly full of them. The word baroque, of uncertain origin, was first used in the 17th century as a term of abuse to describe art that did not meet the "classical" rational standards. Some scholars believe the term "baroque" is derived from the Portuguese barroco (an irregularly shaped pearl), and indeed the essence of the baroque style is best described in a single word: irregular. The baroque, aptly called the art of the impossible, is characterized by movement. To some critics its main features are its ebullience, its ornateness, its somber pomp; to others, its dynamic character, its predilection for curves, its avoidance of clear outline and distinct...
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...The Renaissance and Baroque Periods Renaissance is a word of French origin and means new birth and is the name given to the period in which humans were inspired to throw away the constraints of the Middle Ages and experienced an awakening of the mind and a thirst for new knowledge. The Renaissance began in the early 15th century and is considered to be the beginning of modern history. The emergence of the Renaissance style coincided with new developments in philosophy, literature, music, and science (Renaissance, 2014). Humanist philosophy, an approach that emphasized the individual and the secular over religion, became extremely popular (MindEdge, 2014). The art of the Classical period was the foundation of Renaissance art. That tradition was transformed by the influence of recent developments and the application of newly discovered scientific knowledge. The integration of science into art was an important development. The social transformation that occurred during the Renaissance greatly influenced the arts. The change in the overall atmosphere contributed to artistic experimentation and innovation. Urbanization led to the accumulation of wealth in cities and allowed for patronage of the arts by other than the Church. The public became much more diverse with wider tastes and interests which created a new demand for a variety of artistic forms and content. Prior to the Renaissance, painting and sculpture were focused mainly on religious themes and were...
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