...Journal of Studies on Manufacturing (Vol.1-2010/Iss.1) Jain et al. / Supply Chain Management: Literature Review and Some Issues / pp. 11-25 Supply Chain Management: Literature Review and Some Issues Jinesh Jain*, G. S. Dangayach*, G. Agarwal*, Soumya Banerjee** *Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute Technology, Jaipur(India) Email: jineshjain1234@rediffmail.com, dangayach@ gmail.com, agarwal.drg@gmail.com **Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (Ranchi) Email: soumyabanerjee@bitmesra.ac.in Submitted: 10/12/2009 Accepted: 31/01/2010 Appeared: 16/01/2010 ©HyperSciences.Publisher Abstract: Supply chain Management has assumed a significant role in firm's performance and has attracted serious research attention over the last few years. A literature review reveals a considerable spurt in research in theory and practice of SCM. Combining and informing on features of Supply Management and distribution Management. This integration has resulted in the concept of extended enterprise and the supply chain is now manifest as the collaborative supply chain across intercompany borders to maximize the value across the entire supply chain. A large number of research papers have been published in various journals in last two decades. In this paper an attempt is made to review the status of literature on Supply Chain Management. A literature classification scheme is proposed. A total of 588 articles from 13 refereed...
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...Introduction Market segmentation, much like its name implies, is a marketing strategy which is involved in the division of a target markets into subsets of markets with consumers who have common needs and wants. Market segmentation then designs and implements strategies to target the customers’ needs and wants by using various channels and other options. Market segments allow companies to create product differentiation strategies to target them. Market segmentation is extremely important in marketing as it allows for customization of products/ services to the customers that have the potential to buy them. Segmentation Marketing may be based on broad markets or small sub-segments. Mass marketing is the process or strategy to use the same marketing channels for all consumers without identifying the needs of a specific group of people. Mass marketing strategy employs mass promotion, mass production and mass distribution in the same way for mass consumers. In the past, companies have used mass marketing to achieve the economies of scale. However, times have changed, and it is almost impossible to create products to appeal to the entire market. Pursuing this strategy, several companies have lost their market leadership or a considerable chunk of their market share. As the customers are looking for the customized services, the marketer can satisfy them by considering the segmentation strategy. The market segmentation strategy is followed by the market targeting and the market positioning...
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...“Oportunidades de negocios en el Perú” EDUARDO BERNALES Ministro Consejero Comercial Embajada del Perú Bogotá, 1 de setiembre de 2009 ¿ POR QUÉ HACER NEGOCIOS CON EL PERU ? ¿Por qué hacer negocios con en el Perú? 1. Estabilidad macroeconómica – Reconocimiento internacional. 2. Clima favorable para la inversión – Reglas de juego estable. 3. Acceso a mercados – Política de integración comercial. 4. Desarrollo de Infraestructura – Aumento de la competitividad. 5. Socios CAN: Arancel cero. 6. Bogotá-Lima a menos de tres horas. Estabilidad macroeconómica Variables ligadas a la inversión en el Perú (variaciones con respecto al año anterior) 2004 PBI (var%) Inversión Privada (var%) Inversión Pública (var%) IPC (var%) Empleo1 (var%) 5.1 8.1 5.7 3.5 3.6 2005 6.4 12.0 12.2 1.5 5.7 2006 7.6 20.1 13.0 1.1 8.7 2007 8.9 23.2 19.7 3.9 8.9 2008 9.8 25.6 41.9 5.8 8.5 Exportaciones (var% en US$) Importaciones de bienes de capital (var% en US$) PBI sector construcción (var%) Recaudación Tributaria (var%) 40. 9 19. 6 4.7 13. 6 35.3 29.6 8.4 14.3 36.9 35.4 14.7 27.8 17.5 41.9 16.6 15.3 13.1 57.6 16.5 11.0 1. En empresas de 10 o más trabajadores Fuente: Banco Central de Reserva del Perú, Ministerio de Economía, y Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática Estabilidad macroeconómica Crecimiento sostenido de las exportaciones y la inversión Exportaciones Inversión Privada Monto Total en Millones de US$ Monto Total en Millones de US$ Fuente:...
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...Introduction to graphics and LCD technologies NXP Product Line Microcontrollers Business Line Standard ICs Agenda Passive and active LCD technologies – How LCDs work, STN and TFT differences – How data is converted to colors on the LCD LCD signal interface and timing parameters – LCD signals and timing – Controlling the backlight Introduction to frame buffers with the LPC32x0 MCU – How graphics data is stored in memory – Color depth and lookup tables System considerations for LCD based systems – Mapping LCD data signals to the LCD controller signals – LCD data bandwidth Examples Passive and active LCD technologies How an LCD works An array of Liquid Crystal segments – When not in an electrical field, crystals are organized in a random pattern – When an electric field is applied, the crystals align to the field – The crystals themselves do not emit light, but ‘gate’ the amount of light that can pass through them • Crystals aligned perpendicular to a light source will prevent light from passing through them Each LCD segment is aligned with an electric field A light source (backlight) is needed to drive light through the aligned crystal field Courtesy of Sharp Passive displays Passive LCD panels – Consists of a grid of row and columns electrical signals – Columns and rows connect perpendicularly to every segment in the LCD • Columns and rows are multiplexed to many different segments – An IC controls which column and row are selected...
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...Hashing hash functions collision resolution applications References: Algorithms in Java, Chapter 14 http://www.cs.princeton.edu/introalgsds/42hash 1 Summary of symbol-table implementations implementation unordered array ordered array unordered list ordered list BST randomized BST red-black tree guarantee search N lg N N N N 7 lg N 3 lg N insert N N N N N 7 lg N 3 lg N delete N N N N N 7 lg N 3 lg N search N/2 lg N N/2 N/2 1.39 lg N 1.39 lg N lg N average case insert N/2 N/2 N N/2 1.39 lg N 1.39 lg N lg N delete N/2 N/2 N/2 N/2 ? 1.39 lg N lg N ordered iteration? no yes no yes yes yes yes Can we do better? 2 Optimize Judiciously More computing sins are committed in the name of efficiency (without necessarily achieving it) than for any other single reason including blind stupidity. - William A. Wulf We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil. - Donald E. Knuth We follow two rules in the matter of optimization: Rule 1: Don't do it. Rule 2 (for experts only). Don't do it yet - that is, not until you have a perfectly clear and unoptimized solution. - M. A. Jackson Reference: Effective Java by Joshua Bloch. 3 Hashing: basic plan Save items in a key-indexed table (index is a function of the key). Hash function. Method for computing table index from key. hash(“it”) = 3 ?? hash(“times”) = 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 “it” Issues. 1. Computing the hash function 2. Collision resolution:...
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...FIFTH EDITION 2005 Transforming Real Estate Finance A CMBS Primer Primary Analysts: Howard Esaki Marielle Jan de Beur Masumi Goldman This book is an overview of the Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS) market. The contents of this publication are over eight years in the making and include excerpts of research reports from as early as 1997. In this fifth edition of our primer, we have reorganized the chapters to highlight the different investment options within CMBS. New material since our last edition includes sections on the various types of AAA CMBS classes, total rate of return swaps, floating rate large loan transactions, and an updated version of the commercial mortgage default study. We hope you find this book useful and welcome comments so that we can improve future editions. FIFTH EDITION 2005 Transforming Real Estate Finance A CMBS Primer Primary Analysts: Howard Esaki Marielle Jan de Beur Masumi Goldman The Primary Analyst(s) identified above certify that the views expressed in this report accurately reflect his/her/their personal views about the subject securities/instruments/issuers, and no part of his/her/their compensation was, is or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific views or recommendations contained herein. This report has been prepared in accordance with our conflict management policy. The policy describes our organizational and administrative arrangements for the avoidance, management and disclosure...
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...T.C. BİLİM, SANAYİ ve TEKNOLOJİ BAKANLIĞI VERİMLİLİK GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ Türkiye’nin Verimlilik Merkezi Yayın No: 716 Verimlilik ve Kalite Yönetimi: Modüler Program CİLT 2 Editörler Joseph PROKOPENKO ve Klaus NORTH Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü Cenevre Asya Verimlilik Örgütü Tokyo Telif Hakkı Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütüne aittir, 1996 İlk baskı 1996 İkinci baskı 1997 Bu Modüler Program ILO/APO ortak yayınıdır. Türkçe Çeviri Telif Hakkı © 2011 Verimlilik Genel Müdürlüğü Gerekli izin alınarak çevrilmiş ve çoğaltılmıştır. Takım Numarası: 978 - 975 - 440 - 376 - 3 ISBN: 978 - 975 - 440 - 378 - 7 (2. Cilt) Birleşmiş Milletler uygulamasıyla uyumlu ILO ve APO yayınlarında kullanılan isimler, ve bunların içinde yer alan materyallerin sunumu, herhangi bir ülkenin, alanın ya da bölgenin veya makamlarının hukuki statüsüyle ilgili olarak veya sınırlarının çizilmesiyle ilgili olarak Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü ve Asya Verimlilik Örgütü adına herhangi bir fikrin ifadesini ima etmez. Çalışmalarda ve diğer katkılarda ifade edilen fikirlerin sorumluluğu, sadece yazarlarına aittir ve yayınlanması, bunların içinde ifade edilen fikirlerin Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü ve Asya Verimlilik Örgütü tarafından onaylandığını göstermez. Firmaların adlarına ve ticari ürünlerle işlemlere yapılan atıflar, Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü ve Asya Verimlilik Örgütü tarafından onaylandıklarını ima etmez, ve belirli bir firmanın, ticari ürünün ya da işlemin belirtilmemesi, herhangi bir onaylamama işareti değildir...
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