...Assignment 7 Joshua Wallace English 202 February 23, 2012 David Nielsen The Three Kings The children had such imagination tonight, Platero! It was impossible to put them to bed. Finally, the children were dreaming: one in an armchair, another on the ground near the base of the fireplace, Blanca in a small chair, Pepe on the window seat with his head on the nails of the door, the children were not to pass the Kings… And now, deeper into the dream, like a connected out-of-body experience, all of the children feel alive and magical. Before dinner, all of us went upstairs. The commotion grew more intense, usually I am not this fearful! – I am not afraid of overburden, Pepe, and you? – Blanca said, grasping my hand tightly. And we put all of our shoes on the balcony between the citrons. Now, Platero, let’s dress Monte mayor, Tita, Maria Teresa, Lolilla, Perico, you and I, with sheets and quilts and old hats. And at midnight, we turn to the window of children in procession of costumes and lights, playing mortars, trumpets and the conch at the end. Come with me, I’ll be Gaspar because of my beard of white stubble. And carry, like an apron, the flag of Colombia, which I brought home from my uncle, Consul… The children, suddenly awakened, still tired and went to the windows, trembling and astonished. Then, we will continue in this sleep throughout the night and all morning, and late tomorrow, when the blue sky dazzles through the shutters, we will rise, half dressed, to the balcony...
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...Daryl Miller CHH301-B12 LUO September 11, 2012 Paper 1 The Foundation of Orthodoxy and the Canon If we consider that what we know as Christianity is not what it began as, then we will see the need for a standard. That fact that Christianity as a religion and a worldview was revolutionary as is was also evolutionary. It was revolutionary in that it stood against the norm of Judaism and paganism. It was evolutionary in that what it was then is not what it is today. Therefore, the need of orthodoxy and for cannon is presented. Orthodoxy is the “correct, conventional or currently accepted beliefs, especially in religion.”The consolidation of power under Constantine and the stretch of the empire caused a need for orthodoxy of Christianity’s belief system. It also demanded a standard of doctrine. This leads to the canonicity of the Holy Scriptures. Canon is derived from the Greek word kanon. Elwell says of the word canon, “in Christianity [canon] refers to a group of books acknowledged by the early church as a rule of faith and practice” The word carries the idea of the measuring rod or standard against which the sacred text are weighed for inclusion. It should be noted that different faith systems have different canonical books. The Jewish canon is different from the Protestant as is the Catholic. If we bear in mind that the Bible we know today did not start out as a book at all, and then the logical progression must be to ask, how did it come about? An important note...
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...LIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BOOK CRITIQUE: TWO VIEWS ON WOMEN IN MINISTRY A Paper Submitted to Liberty Theological Seminary Dr. Garry Graves In partial fulfillment of the requirements For completion of the course Systematic Theology II THEO 530 By Vernon L Langley July 26, 2012 Beck, James R. Two Views on Women in Ministry: Revised ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005. ISBN: 978-0-310-25437-9. Thesis Statement: in view of the fact that my own outlook on women’s responsibility in ministry is in between social equality and Complementarian; however I will attempt to show that women have a part in ministry, through the assessment of these two differing points of views as offered in the principal book Two Views on Women In Ministry and as contrasted with other academic books. Introduction: Dr. James R. Beck has assembled four academic assessments which present the egalitarian and complementarianism / hierarchical analysis regarding women in ministry with unprejudiced supplementary counterpoints to completely enlighten the one who reads. The arrangement of analysis appear to evaluate and distinguish in a reasonable, impartial way that supply the one who reads with a good insight of the dispute, with opposing opinions offered at the conclusion of every article. However, the reasonable approach to the arrangement of both components regarding women in ministry do not completely disclose...
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...Anthony Henderson Turabian Theo-201 D16 Essay on Bibliology: Inspiration and Inerrancy of the Bible I n today’s society many people question the authority and inerrancy of the Bible. They want concrete proof of the inerrancy of the Bible and they question the inspiration and ability of the writers. When we say the Bible has authority, we must also show where the authority comes from. “Authority is the right and power to command, enforce laws, exact obedience, determine or judge”. Many people do not understand how much authority a book written thousands of years ago actually commands. The authority comes from God because the Bible is the Word of God. “Sanctify them by Your truth. Your word is truth.” We know God is truth and the Bible is His word. This knowledge leads us to conclude that the Bible is authoritative and true. The Bible is the inspired Word of God given to the writers of the scripture. “The content of the Bible teaches that it was given by the process of inspiration of God so that the words were God’s Word and that they are accurate and reliable, hence they are authoritative”. We read in the Bible how the prophets did not use their words, but were moved by the Spirit to speak God’s Words. We also see that the Spirit led them to write what God wanted to be written. The Bible is inspired, or “God-breathed”. “All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness”. The question...
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...I. Introduction There are many issues that face the interpreter as he approaches the book of Revelation. Is my exegesis theologically biased? What type of hermeneutic do I employ when dealing with prophetic passages? Should I apply the grammatical-historical approach consistently throughout all of Scripture? Am I bringing an interpretation to the text? Am I exhausting the interpretive process, or am I merely guessing? Some of these issues are fundamental, while others are peripheral. All are important, but the peripheral issues stem from the fundamental issues. The most fundamental difference between Amillennialism and Premillennialism is a theological bias. The result of this theological bias surfaces another fundamental difference: hermeneutical methodology. All the other issues are employed within or are peripheral to these two core issues. The thrust of this paper will deal with these two core issues while dealing with the peripheral issues when they surface. II. Defining Terms A. Amillennialism First, however, we must define the terms Amillennialism and Premillennialism. In Latin, the prefix a- is a negation of the following root word. The root word –mille means 1,000. The suffix -annus means years. Thus, the word a-mille-nnial means literally “no-1,000 years”. This is poor terminology because Amillennialist’s do not necessarily believe that there will not be a Millennium. What they teach is that there will not be a Millennium on present earth when Christ will sit...
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...The short story “The Gift of the Magi” was written by O. Henry in 1906. The story is about a husband and wife who did not have enough finances to buy each other gifts at Christmas time. So the couple sacrificed two precious items to show their love for one another. This theme and narrative essay will explain O. Henry use symbolism and characters to contribute to the themes of poverty, generosity, and selfless love. The main symbolism was use in the title of the short story. In the biblical story of the birth of Jesus three men came in on camels bringing precious gifts to the son of Mary and Joseph. “These three represent the Three Wise Men or Kings, also called the Magi (Jesus, 2007).” The wise men brought Jesus three gifts gold, frankincense and myrrh. They gave them freely and unselfish because they believed Jesus was “the promise one”. The symbolization in “The Gift of the Magi” was that Jim and Della gave three gifts to each other freely and unselfish. Jim’s watch, Della’s hair and selfless love for each other were the three distinct gifts given in this short story. Three themes was basically portrayed in “the Gift of the Magi. One theme was poverty. One dollar and eighty-seven cent was all Della had on Christmas Eve. Della begins to cry over the fact she did not have enough funds to buy Jim a Christmas gift. “In the vestibule below was a letter box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring (Clugston, 2010).”...
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...The short story “The Gift of the Magi” was written by O. Henry in 1906. The story is about a husband and wife who did not have enough finances to buy each other gifts during the Christmas time. The couple sacrificed two precious items to show their love for one another. This theme and narrative essay will explain O. Henry use symbolism and characters to contribute the themes of poverty, generosity, and selfless love. The main symbolism was used in the title of the short story. In the biblical story of the birth of Jesus three men came in on camels bringing precious gifts to the son of Mary and Joseph. “These three represent the Three Wise Men or Kings, also called the Magi (Jesus, 2007).” The wise men brought Jesus three gifts gold, frankincense and myrrh. They gave them freely and unselfish because they believed Jesus was “the promise one”. The symbolization in “The Gift of the Magi” was that Jim and Della gave three gifts to each other freely and unselfish. Jim’s watch, Della’s hair and selfless love for each other were the three distinct gifts given in this short story. Three themes was basically portrayed in “the Gift of the Magi. One theme was poverty. One dollar and eighty-seven cent was all Della had on Christmas Eve. Della begins to cry over the fact she did not have enough funds to buy Jim a Christmas gift. “In the vestibule below was a letter box into which no letter would go, and an electric button from which no mortal finger could coax a ring (Clugston, 2010)...
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...COVER PAGE DATE: OCTOBER 8, 2014 SUBJECT: PAPER 1 THE CANONS INSTRUCTOR: DR. NICKENS CHHI 301 SUBMITTED BY: JANET SHELTON-WHITE PAGE 1 The Hebrew Bible is divided into 3 sections Law, Prophets and the Writings of Wisdom. The Jewish canon has 66 books; there are 39 books from the Old Testament originally in Hebrew and some written in Aramaic. [1]The New Testament has 27 books, the 12 Minor Prophets are counted as one book, and the Apocrypha word that comes from the Greek word meaning hidden or concealed were not included in the Hebrew Bible. The Catholics considered these writings and canonicals, and Orthodox Churches considered some as canon to a lesser degree. The heretical teachers from Asia Minor author of Roman Canon of sacred books did not believe that the New Testament books superseded the Old Testament others were omitted and did not recognize 10 Pauline Epistles but accepted 13 Epistles. [2] The Latin Greek word Kanon (kav’wv) defined as a measuring rod or index list centuries later the secondary word for the Church to recognize the Scripture of the Bible. The disciples and the Jews used a Septuagint from Alexandria Egypt is the early Greek translation of the Old Testament dating to BC 250. In the 3rd Century BC included the deuteron canonical books. The New Testament books were not in existence until...
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...Why does O. Henry call his story “The gift of the Magi”? What do you think about the last phrase of the author’s remark? What do you think is his point of view of love and sacrifice? “The gift of the Magi” is a famous story by O. Henry. The author calls his story “The gift of the Magi” because he wants to emphasize the meaning of the gift and shows his admiration for the love of Jim and Della. First of all, the Magi were the three wise men from the Bible. They brought unique gifts to the baby Jesus (“Biblical Magi”, para. 1). This is reflected in the story by O. Henry. Della and Jim sold their most precious possessions to give each other the most valuable gifts for the Christmas. Della was willing to sell her precious hair to buy Jim a platinum chain, and Jim was willing to sell his precious watch to buy Della a beautiful comb. Both Jim and Della have shown that they were willing to sacrifice the most treasured thing they have to give something to the other. In the exchange, they gained something new. Love is not something they have of their own; love is something they share together. They unwisely scarified in order to make their sweetheart happy. The presents seemed to be useless but it is priceless indeed. Their gift giving shows the selfless love of each for their loved one. They care deeply and want to please the other. The gift was valuable because it came from the heart. At the end of the story, O. Henry expressed his love for the characters. He admired their unconditionally...
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...Upon my arrival to the Bible Study for the ethnography assignment, I observed the church’s outer appearance and surrounding neighborhood. This particular parish was in the northeast quadrant of Burlington, North Carolina. Located in a predominately African-American community, the church gave off the vibe of being a relatively active place as multiple cars drove in, through, and around the parking lot. While preparing myself to exit the vehicle, I watched many older persons, ranging from fifty-seventy, head to what seemed like an administrative building for the church. Upon surveying the outer structure up close, I could see that the established date was 1868 and the built date for the current facility read 1963. In order to gain a better understanding of the youth population of the congregation, I chose to observe the student Bible Study that was separate from the adult class. The youth Bible study was held on the second floor of the main church building that contained the sanctuary, a pastor’s study, a secretary’s office, a Sunday School office, choir room, and seven classrooms. My surveillance of the church’s interior prior to going up to the second floor for the class, gave the impression that their had been recent renovations within the past year or two. During my examination, one of the self-identified minister’s on staff at the church introduced himself and invited me to the classroom for the young people’s Bible study. His direction and guidance was actually beneficial...
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...The fact is, at the root of the towing tree that is in fact a sprouting timeline that has budded and bloomed into five billion Bibles—propagating further into 2,123 leaf-like lan-guages—is the humble but enduring Nile River African pa-pyrus plant. Chocolate everywhere. Other Noteworthy Papyrus Manuscripts With the total corpus of Dead Sea Scrolls in the posses-sion of different entities (including private collectors), it is difficult to ascertain exactly how many are papyrus. One thing is for certain, papyrus from Africa’s Nile Riv-er formed the infrastructure of the Old Testament as repre-sented by the Dead Sea Scrolls. Might it have done so for the Greek version of the Old Testament as well? African Septuagint Manuscripts Just as the earliest manuscripts we have of the Old Testament are made of Black African Nile River papyrus, the same is true of the earliest manuscripts we have of the Greek Septuagint. The word Septuagint means 70. About 70 men (tradition-ally 72 to be more exact) translated the Hebrew Bible into Greek almost 300 before the time of Christ. The translation took place in Alexandria, Egypt, Africa, and the oldest manuscript we have of the Septuagint is, not surprisingly, written on Nile River papyrus. We can be confident of this if for no other reason save that, as noted above, Alexandria is literally at the Nile Riv-er’s back door, being as it is, part of the delta as the Nile branches off into the Mediterranean Sea. The Bible up to that point (consisting...
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...Mid-Term Study Guide: Rel 3510 Spring 2013 On your mid-term exam, you will answer 20 multiple choice questions (40 pts.), and I will ask you to identify in a few sentences four names or terms, drawn from a longer list (20 pts.). A good identification will answer the questions: who, what, when, where, why (if all of these are relevant). You will see these names or terms for the first time on the exam, but they will not be obscure. You will be able to choose the four that you can best identify from a list of 8-10. Finally, I will ask you to write one of the following essay questions. If you prepare an outline in advance for each of the questions, you will be well prepared for the exam. (40 pts.) 1. In the theological debate inaugurated by the priest, Arius, the interpretation of Proverbs 8:22 ("The Lord created me and before the ages He established me...") plays a key role. Explain how Arius understood this passage and what implications it had for his Christology. What was the response of his theological opponents, and what was the outcome of the debate for Arius, and for the Church? 2. Marcion initiated an important debate that has been held responsible for the impetus in the Church to establish a New Testament canon. Explain Marcion’s view of Christian scriptures. What position did he take concerning the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament? Why? What did his position imply concerning the nature of the Old Testament God, and the relationship between Judaism and Christianity...
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...Religious Poetry Research Paper Abstract King David was the author of Psalms 23: 1-6, and was revered throughout the bible as a great man that had great leadership qualities, and was admired by God. God himself referred to David as a man after his own heart. Throughout the Bible, there was only one man that held the heart of God; and that man was David. God described David as being a, “man after God’s own heart,” and gave the reason why He felt this way about David. “I have found David son of Jesse a man after my own heart; he will do everything I want him to do” (Acts 13: 22, Life Application Study Bible). The poetic words of Psalms 23 was written by King David, illustrating God as our Shepherd who provides, leads, protects, and comforts. Religious Poetry Research Paper Psalms 23 The Lord the Shepherd of His People A Psalm of David. 23 The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want. 2 He makes me to lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside the still waters. 3 He restores my soul; He leads me in the paths of righteousness For His name’s sake. 4 Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil; For You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, they comfort me. 5 You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies; You anoint my head with oil; My cup runs over. 6 Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me All the days of my life; And I will dwell[a] in the house of the Lord Forever (Psalm 23:1-6, The Maxwell Leadership...
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...significance of the Dead Sea Scrolls? They gave us a much older collection of Old Testament manuscripts 3. According to the readings the Old Testament canon was completed after the time of Ezra and Nehemiah. 4. Old Testament narrative normally does not directly teach a doctrine. True 5. In our readings this week the Bible is described in part as, "the Word of God given in human words in history". True 6. The Modern View of the Bible approaches biblical documents as highly reliable. False 7. Until just after World War II the oldest OT manuscripts we had dated from about 200 B.C. / False 8. According to Fee and Stuart's analysis they think most people do a very good job of handling Old Testament narrative passages /False 9. The focus of the ___________ is on Jesus and his claim to be the Messiah. 10. Which of the following are not among the common causes people misinterpret biblical narratives mentioned in the text? 11. According to Fee and Stuart's analysis God is the hero of all biblical narratives/true 12. According to Fee and Stuart what is the antidote to bad interpretation? Good interpretation, based upon common sense guidelines 13. What do Fee and Stuart say is the "only proper control for hermeneutics"? 14. What three languages were the 66 books of the Protestant Bible originally written? Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek 15. According to our Fee and Stuart readings in their experience they believe that Old Testament Narratives are...
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... of Andrew, Stephen L. “Biblical Inerrancy.” Chafer Theological Seminary Journal 08, no. 1 (January 2002): 2-21. THEO 525-B04 LUO (fall 2013) Systematic Theology I Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Jennifer C. Wood (ID# L25703677) September 1, 2013 Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….1 Brief Summary…………………………………………………………………………………….1 Critical Interaction………………………………………………………………………………...2 Conclusion Selected Bibliography Introduction This paper is a critical examination of Stephen Andrew’s “Biblical Inerrancy” as published January of 2002 in the Chafer Theological Seminary Journal. Andrew writes the article as a graduate student at Fuller Theological Seminary pursuing a Master of Arts in Theology. In the exposition he presents a historical overview of the biblical inerrancy debate and reviews arguments concerning inerrancy of the bible as relevant to modern evangelicalism. Due to spatial limitations, Andrew restricts his focus to examining the views in support of and against inerrancy from four major perspectives: the slippery slope, epistemological, historical, and biblical arguments. Brief Summary The article is written as an exhortation for the promotion and defense of the inerrancy doctrine while warning against a universal acceptance of all supporting arguments. Andrew opens by defining inerrancy according to Paul D. Feinberg1, as well as Article XII of the Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy2; and “limited inerrancy”...
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