...10 March 2014 Amateurs or Professionals? Big-money college sports takes your breath away. College football and men’s basketball have become such huge commercial enterprises that together they generate more than $6 billion in annual revenue, more than the National Basketball Association. A top college coach can make as much or more than a professional coach. Powerful conferences like the S.E.C. and the Pac 12 have signed lucrative TV deals, while the Big 10 and the University of Texas have created their own sports networks. Last year, Turner Broadcasting and CBS signed a 14-year, $10.8 billion deal for the television rights to the NCAA’s men’s basketball national championship tournament (a.k.a “March Madness”). And what does the labor force that makes it possible for coaches to earn millions, and causes marketers to spend billions, get? Nothing. The workers are supposed to be content with a scholarship that does not even cover the full cost of attending college. Any student athlete who accepts an unapproved, free hamburger from a coach, or even a fan, is in violation of NCAA rules. Nevertheless, the NCAA prohibits any form of payments, beyond scholarships, to any athlete who is responsible for producing the revenue. The NCAA also restricts the ability for any college athlete to earn income from an outside source. In a study sponsored by the NCAA, they discovered that college players have less money than non-athletic students, and almost fifty-eight percent are not even provided...
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...Case Study Analysis Part A: Case 3, "Power Play for Howard" MGT 445 4/25/12 Power Play for Howard In this assignment Team C will briefly summarize the case of Juwan Howard. Next, Team C will evaluate the benefits (tangible and intangible), risks, and costs associated with negotiating Juwan Howard’s free agent contract. Afterwards, we will provide a brief conclusion. The Overview As kids we have dreams and aspirations of growing up making it big in our profession of choice while making lots of money. According to most children, their dreams range from a number of professions including; Doctors, Lawyers, Teachers, Police, Firefighters or even becoming a professional athlete such as Michael Jordan and Juwan Howard. In the 1990’s, most kids wanted to be like “Mike”. Michael Jordan’s name was a household name, and a major brand for marketing worldwide for Nike. Most NBA players’ career salaries would not even come close to Michael Jordan’s endorsement income from the late 80’s through the 90’s. In our opinion, Michael Jordan was clearly underpaid when he played basketball. It wasn’t until later in his career that he signed the biggest NBA contract of all time paying $30 million a year. Jordan set the bar for young superstar NBA players such as Juwan Howard to sign multi-million dollar contracts in the late 90’s. Juwan Howard’s story was a little different from Michael’s. He signed two contracts over the course of his career totaling $205 million. This type of money is...
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...Significant evidence will be provided to prove that duties and workmanship of a heart surgeon are more strenuous than that of a professional athlete. The evidence provided will prove that doctors and surgeons should be paid more and have a higher "hero" status that that of a professional athlete. Professional athletes are involved in an economically profitable business. They are appreciated by millions of fans. Many of these athletes have made names for themselves in households around the country. The professional athlete has a lifestyle that many people can envy. The average major league baseball salary is $3.31 million. It is amazing that a professional baseball player can make millions of dollars for playing a game that he has enjoyed since his childhood. No formal education is needed to become a professional baseball player. Education should be prerequisite for any career including baseball. A professional athletes' job is seasonal. Therefore, the self-sacrifices and time away from home can be compensated in the off season. Being a professional athlete is a dream for many aspiring young athletes. It includes fame and fortune, and seasonal work that pays millions. Professional athletes have been graced with an extraordinary gift, which is very...
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...Assignment 2 – Final Project 1. Please explain the similarities and differences between the framework of the Leadership Challenge (A1) and How NASA Builds TEAMS (A2)? Please use as example the Case Study: New England PATRIOTS: Making the Team. Use your creativity. Model the way is the first of the five practices of exemplary leadership. In this practice, a leader needs to ensure that their audience understands and believes in something strongly. Leaders are expected to speak on and stand for matters of conscience and value to the organization. In order to do this, a leader needs to Find Their Voice. In other words, the leader needs to discover what they are passionate about. This practice is analogues to the Express Authentic Appreciation behavior in NASA’s 4-D team building methodology. In order to be able to express authentic appreciation towards their audience, a leader needs to be in tune with what drives the members of his audience. Listening to the audience, asking clarifying questions, and expressing expectations can accomplish this. The second subcomponent of model the way is Affirm Shared Values. This subcomponent is vital to the success of any team, group, or organization because as individuals, we each have different motivators, but if we share core values then building quality relationships can be accomplished. Address Shared Values is the 4-D behavior that when practiced aids in building strong and genuine relationships, which is a fundamental element...
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...Economics 5900 Spring 2016 Prepared by Zachary Zahedi Zahedi16@uga.edu 22 April 2016 Abstract: The study focuses on the marginal tax rate that professional football players face in the United States. This tax rate, which is assessed based on the proportion of days spent in the state of work throughout the NFL season, is called the jock tax. NFL players are not the only professional athletes in the United States that face this tax, however, the structure of their pay and the salary cap figures make the analysis the most manageable. After examining specific player data, my study determined that were significant discrepancies between a player’s effective tax rate within their conference and division and the average salary differences. The argument that critics have against the jock tax claim that players may be severely detrimental to the after tax earnings of all NFL players. Section I: Introduction According to a recent study in early 2016, the state of California collected just over $229 million from nonresident athletes due to the imposition of the ‘jock tax’ in 2013 (Artz, 2016). California is among 19 states that impose the jock tax on athletes that are visiting said states for performing in professional sporting events. The jock tax represents an auxiliary income tax imposed on nonresidents by the state in which the players are traveling. For example, a player that travels to California faces an additional 13.3% tax rate as a proportion of their days spent in that...
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...Every year you see something in football which is amazing. A player breaks a record or catches a ridiculous pass for a touchdown. Your favorite team goes to the super bowl and wins. Your favorite player has a career season and breaks NFL records. These are the reasons why I love the game of football. But with the good, must come the bad. Players receiving injuries while playing. Minor injuries to major injuries, sooner or later every player in the NFL will experience an injury. The sad thing is, there is one injury that has an everlasting effect. Concussions. Once thought to be no big deal, concussions are now at the center of a huge lawsuit against the NFL and forcing retired players to change how they live. So, are concussions changing the lives of NFL players or is there something else happening to the players that are causing these brain disorders? My vote is the concussions are causing these players lives to change forever. The purpose of this proposal is to show that if something is not done to limit concussions the sport may change the way we know it and love it. I would not want to watch football if the NFL went to flag football and not full tackle. The players would not want that either. If that happens the players’ salaries will get decreased. It will be a trickle down affect. The NFL will lose viewers, sponsors will give less money for endorsements, teams will pay their players less because of the decreased endorsements, and the game as we...
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...stoppages since that time. The 1987 work stoppage resulted in the players striking for twenty-four days and replacement players being used. After this strike and union decertification the NFL entered a new era of collective bargaining between the NFL owners and athletes in 1993. Both parties agreed to enter into a new collective bargaining agreement outlining the wage scale and rights of both parties involved. This agreement had been extended five times since 1993 but it was May 20, 2008 where the NFL owners voted unanimously to opt of their collective bargaining agreement, which without action would expire March 3, 2011. There were several issues that caused the lockout, but for the owners the largest issue involved the revenue. The issue of revenue was a difficult one for the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) to address since 31 out of the 32 teams were private entities and did not have to show the union their books. However, one team the Green Bay Packers are publically owned and therefore the union was able to get a general idea of the revenue stream and the finances of the NFL in general. The owners were the ones that opted out of the collective bargaining agreement and it was not a matter if the players were going to have to give back some of the leagues revenue they received but how much. The player’s union was wise in taking a hard stance with the revenue and salaries the players sought,...
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...goal, which is to win Super Bowl championships. Some players perform at a high level for a while, whereas others don’t have a chance at experiencing actual playing time on the field at all. NFL players are less and less likely to have a definitive long-term career in the NFL. On average their career may span for about 3 ½ years (Stradley, 2011). (Workman Pub Co, 2002) The NFL has added several new teams, provided innovative equipment, additional rules, distinctive playing styles, but most importantly there has been a revolutionary change of the NFL culture. The game of football is being played at a faster pace and players are becoming larger, and intelligent (Wharton, 2011). While the sport of football can be stressful, competitive, entertaining and enjoyable, it also poses a dangerous threat of injury. One of the more common injuries within playing or watching football are concussions. Over the past few years concussions have become a more serious endangerment to those who play, from new evidence we have seen on the effects on the brain and how it can affect a player’s future. The purpose of this project is to investigate the current status of football and concussions in finding a solution to reducing head trauma in players as it pertains to the following areas: overall safety for the players, NFL culture, equipment, research efforts, and the future of football. According to CBS Sports (2011), more than 61% of former players have experienced concussions during their time in the...
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...A common debate in our country is should college athletes be paid. College basketball and football are the main programs that bring in billions of dollars to their universities and they do not get a big enough piece of the pie for the work that they put in.I strongly believe that college athletes should be paid outside of just scholarships. While the universities, coaches and the NCAA benefit off the hard work of these athletes. At a glance it looks as if everybody is getting rich off of the athletes hard work, except for the athletes themselves. The NCAA, or National College Athletic Association, has ran Intercollegiate sports since way back to the 1850s. For most of the past 150 years, playing for the love of the game rather than for profit...
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...PD F -X C h a n ge PD F -X C h a n ge ! W N O y bu to k C lic m C lic k to bu y N O .c W w ! .d o w o .d o c u -tr a c k c u -tr a c k .c To: Mr. Mclvor, From: Echo - im89011 Subject: B.C. PACKERS CASE MEMO Date: May 5, 2011 Case Background Canadian cat food market showed arising opportunity in 1987. B.C. Packer, the famous market leader in both canned salmon and tuna provider was considering the possibility of entering the Canadian cat food market, in order to get more profit from its by-product instead of just cover its cost by selling commodity bulk of fish meal. Therefore, a study with detail analysis based on all the information collected, is necessary for indicating a direction for the management of the company. Market Overview Cat population in Canada in creased 4.6% during the period of 1983 to 1987. More and more people would like to feed a cat rather than a dog since cats require less space and care than most dogs. 1 o m w w w w PD F -X C h a n ge PD F -X C h a n ge ! W N O y bu to k C lic m C lic k to bu y N O .c W w ! .d o w o .d o c u -tr a c k c u -tr a c k .c The changing consuming behavior of the cats owners lead Canadian cat food market to more clearly segmentation by classifying different brands in the past 2 years. See EXHIBIT 1 for the market allocation...
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...1 SCHULICH SCHOOL OF BUSINESS YORK UNIVERSITY SGMT 6000 3.0 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Wednesday 2:30-5:30 pm (A) - Room N108 Tuesday 08:30-11:30 pm (B) - Room W136 Fall Term, 2011 Professor: Moshe Farjoun Email: mfarjoun@schulich.yorku.ca Room: N311 SSB Office Hours: By appointment Secretary: JoAnne Stein Office: N305B SSB Telephone: 416-736-5087 Brief Description This course examines business and corporate strategy. The focus is on strategic management, the process of choosing and defining purposes and objectives, formulating and implementing a viable strategy and monitoring strategic performance. It deals with the organization in its totality and demonstrates how and why the various functions of business are interdependent and need to be coordinated if the organization is to perform effectively. The course elaborates on the applicability of the strategic management discipline to a variety of sizes and types of organizations. Prerequisites Students are required to complete all 5000-series Required Foundations of Management Core Courses before enrolling in this course. Extended Description and Objectives One of the classic definitions of strategy is as follows: “A strategy is the pattern or plan that integrates an organization’s major goals, policies and action sequences into a cohesive whole. Well-formulated strategies help marshal and allocate an organization’s resources into a unique and viable posture based upon its relative internal competencies and shortcomings, anticipated...
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...Introduction It all kicked off on 6 June 2003, when Oracle ambushed PeopleSoft with a hostile takeover bid valued at $5.1 billion just four days after PeopleSoft agreed to a $1.8 billion deal with J.D. Edwards. The acquisition fight lasted over 18 months and has become a staple in business and law school case studies. PeopleSoft specialized in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software solutions. It was very strong in human resource software and other back-office functions, competing with SAP and Siebel; however, as the ERP space began to see dramatically reduced growth, PeopleSoft’s sales began to lag. Company leaders saw the acquisition of smaller J.D Edwards as a way to bolster and expand its business into enterprise management and supply chain solutions. Although this acquisition would place PeopleSoft in a better position to compete with market leaders, it never got a chance to enjoy the hype and excitement. Oracle announced its tender offer takeover of PeopleSoft and Oracle CEO, Larry Ellison, further announced that that the company would discontinue PeopleSoft products once the merger was complete (although product support for existing customers would continue). PeopleSoft faced significant challenges. The true intention of Oracle was unknown, and a personal conflict between the PeopleSoft and Oracle CEOs added complexity into the issue. The unwelcome tender offer cast a cloud of doubt upon PeopleSoft’s future and required that the board seriously consider...
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...ANALYSIS OF MARKETING STRATEGY OF MINERAL WATER INDUSTRY [A CASE STUDY OF BISLERI] A RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION TO INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY, DELHI (2004-06) Submitted To : Submitted By : Mrs. Harpreet Kaur Nitesh Kumar BLS INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT MOHAN NAGAR GHAZIABAD CONTENTS CONTENTS Acknowledgement Executive Summary INTRODUCTION • About the industry Mineral Water Industry- Current Market Scenario Company Profile Marketing Strategy Advertising Campaign of Bisleri Packaging and Distribution Marketing Mix Competition in Market Product Profile Manufacturing • Objective • METHOD OF STUDY • Research Design • Tools and Instrument Used for the Study • Procedure and data collection • RESULT AND DISCUSSION • Findings and Statistical Analysis • SWOT analysis Conclusion • Recommendation • Limitations • Bibliography Annexures ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The accomplishment of my research was possible only due to the cooperation, coordination and united efforts of different individuals, several sources of material, knowledge and time. Pertaining to this I therefore take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to entire staff and employees of the Bisleri...
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...Different Forms of Discrimination CJS/221 February 01, 2016 Abstract What is considered discrimination? Discrimination is the practice of unfairly treating an individual or group differently from other individuals or groups of people. (Merriam-Webster.) Discrimination is not right or fair to the individuals that are being targeted. We have seen in the last few years that law enforcement officials have been accused of discrimination against minorities especially African-Americans. We will be discussing and comparing three forms of discrimination used today by our policing agencies; institutionalized, contextual and individual acts of discrimination. Our discussion group discussed growing up what races targeted who when committing crimes. The discussion and the data provided by the Department of Justice is almost the same when discussing crimes and what each ethnic group targets to commit the crimes. Institutionalized Discrimination Institutionalized discrimination refers to the unwarranted and discrimination mistreatment of an individual or group of individuals by society and within the institutions as a whole. (Flat World Knowledge) At times when someone is being discriminated against it can be mindful and intentional by the individual that is doing it. Institutional discrimination is already built into the culture or institution and the individual that is perpetuating the discrimination may not even know that they are doing...
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...The Positive Effects of Basketball Athletes Endorsements by Aristotle Philip Rodriguez Villar October 2015 Chapter 1 The Problem and Its Background Introduction; The use of athletes in advertising campaigns is an ever growing trend. Marketers look for ways to have their products stand out from competing brands. While athletes have been found to endorse both high and low status products, measuring consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions of these products endorsed by the athletes is important to the success of the product in the marketplace. The success of these endorsed products in the marketplace may also come from star power, which is characterized as unique characteristics possessed by the individual that makes them star worthy.The researcher is familiar with his chosen topic because since he was a little kid he has been a huge fan of basketball and the researcher watched how the basketball industry market and sell their names. He has been updated every releases such as their equipment and other stuff. The researcher preferred this topic because the basketball industry merchandisebecomes one of his collections since he was fond of playing basketball. The researcher findtheir selling items very easy, comfortable, versatile and fashionable to use. For example, a Nike LeBron 12 is very useful in his basketball games and also in fashion sense it is very appealing. One of the most effective and positive associates by transferring different qualities to the product...
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