...6.Distilled water sample is necessary in procedures A and B because it is used as a control sample. Distilled water is used as a control because its purified. Its devoid of contaminants. Controls are needed so you can see what the results would be of an experiment. Positive controls tell you what the positive result of your unknown would be, and negative controls show you what the negative result of your unknown would be when added with Benedict's solution or the Iodine solution. Without the controls, you wouldn't know. Lipids 1.Fat molecules are made up of a molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids. Each fatty acid consists of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end. The glycerol molecule has three hydroxyl groups, each label to interact with the carboxyl group of a fatty acid. Removal of a water molecule at each of these three positions form a triglyceride. 2.Fats, oils and waxes are all lipids. Fats and oils are made from glycerol and three fatty acids joined by dehydration synthesis. (also known as triglycerides). Naturally occurring esters of long chain carboxylic acids with long chain alcohols are waxes. Waxes are low melting point solids. 3.A diet including large quantities of saturated fatty acids should be avoided because saturated fatty acids are a major risk factor for heart attacks and strokes. Diets high in saturated fatty acids lead to an increase in the production of cholesterol. They also lead to health problems including...
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...Cell Structure and Function Lab Drawings: Draw 1 cell at high power and label parts as given in directions. Elodea leaf cells (400X) Stained Onion Cells (400X) [pic] Stained Cheek Cell (400X) Stem Cell (from pictures) Lab Summary 1. “Plants and animals obtain food in different ways.” What microscopic evidence did you see to support that statement? Plant cells have chloroplasts and organelle that can produce food. Animals do not. 2. Did the iodine solution aid in your observation of onion cells? Why do biologists use stains to study cells? Yes, the cytoplasm and the nucleus were much easier to see. Stains allow parts of the cell to be seen more clearly. 3. What microscopic structure shows that the onion cell is a plant cell? The cell wall 4. What structures can be seen in an unstained onion cell? The cell wall 5. What structures can be seen in a stained onion cell? The cell wall, cytoplasm and nucleus, (maybe the cell membrane) 6. In what ways are Elodea cells different from onion cells? What organelle does Elodea have that the onion does not? Why might this be so? The Elodea has chloroplasts and the onion cells did not. The onion cells that we were looking at are found below ground where the sun doesn’t shine; therefore, chloroplasts are of no use to them. If I had given you the leafy part of the onion, you would have seen chloroplasts. 7. The...
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...Tuong Nguyen Professor Eneigho Bio 42 11 March 2014 Bio Lab Report #3 For Lab on Thursday Feb 28 Procedure 24.1 Question 2: What is the shape and size of each bacteria colony? * Shape: circular, irregular, filamentous, rhizoid * Size: The size of the colony can be a useful characteristic for identification. The diameter of a representative colony may be measured. Tiny colonies are referred to as punctiform. Procedure 24.8 Question 6: Do all cells of a trichome of Cillatoria appear similar? Yes Question 7: a. Do adjacent cells share a common sheath? Yes b. What do you suppose is the function of the sheath? To protect and to keep the colony together c. Do clusters of Gloeocapsa represent multicellular organism? Why or why not. No, because you can break down the cells without killing them d. What is the best stain for Gloeocapsa, India ink or methylene blue? Methylene blue Question 8: a. How is the shape of Merismopedia different from other cyanobacteria you studied in this exercise? Merismopedia is a flat, square colony one cell thick b. How would a colony attain this shape? Equal divisions in two planes Procedure 24.6 Question 4: a. Where are the bacteria? Are they between cells or inside cells? Inside the cells b. Why is this relationship between a plant and bacterium called a mutualism? Mutualism is any relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit. For some plants their relationship...
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...Jacqueline Kang 2-15-2015 Bio 203 Lab Measurement of Acid Phosphatase Activity Under a Variety of Environmental Conditions Introduction: Biological enzymes are very important as they allow the human body to function and produce a wide variety of biochemical reactions that help sustain life. The main purpose of this lab is to understand the narrow optimal range and varying perimeters that allow these enzymes to optimally function. The enzyme, acid phosphatase, and the substrate p-nitrophenylphosphate were subjected to several different conditions, such as reaction time, varying amount of substrate concentrations, differing amounts of pH and varying reaction temperatures. The overall prediction for this lab would be that enzymes have a very limited range which they optimally function at, and by measuring the absorbance through a spectrophotometer the farther away from biological (human body conditions) the less the absorbance/ products would be in solution. Materials and Methods: All of the portions of this experiment have a full list of materials and methods provided in the lab...
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...Bio Lab Practical #1 Solute- dissolved in solvent Solvent- a substance in which another substance is dissolved Solution- a liquid mixture in which the solute and solvent are uniformly distribute Molecular weight- average mass of a molecule Mole- a measurement of quantity or numbers pH- the measurement of acidity or basicity in an aqueous solution Prokaryotic- single-celled organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any membrane-bound organelles Eukaryotic- has true nucleus, nuclear pores, and organelles Organelles- a specialized part of a cell having specific fucntions, cell organ Diffusion- means of passive transport, three types: facilitated, simple, and channel Osmosis- the movement of water from high potential to low potential Brownian movement- random movement of microscopic particles in liquid Dialysis- the separation of particles in a liquid on the basis of differences in their ability to pass through a membrane Dialysis tubing- semi-permeable membrane tubing Biologically Important Molecules: Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids – most organic compounds in living organisms Dehydration- removal of water molecule and covalently bonding two subunits Hydrolysis- breaking bonds in subunits by adding water Positive control- contains the variable for which you are test. It reacts positively and demonstrates the test’s ability to detect what you expect Negative control- does not contain...
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...NT1110: Module 5 Computer Operation and Security Lab 5.1 Understanding BIOS, POST, and Security Basics In this lab, you will demonstrate your ability to fix issues related to BIOS/POST and secure the computer from viruses and Trojans. Required Setup and Tools A computer with access to the Internet Recommended Procedures Task 1: Understanding BIOS and POST A user boots his or her computer and hears a sequence of six beeps. The computer uses AMI BIOS. What error is indicated by the six beeps? A different user with a computer using Phoenix BIOS hears a sequence of beeps with pauses in between. The sequence is beep - pause - beep beep beep - pause - beep beep beep beep- pause - beep beep beep. What error is indicated by this beep sequence? Task 2: Basic Security Firewalls may be hardware devices or software programs. Hardware firewalls protect an entire network. Software firewalls protect a single computer. Research the Internet for an example of each of these types of firewalls and compare their features. Linksys and Cisco make firewall/routers for home use. The Zone labs are an example of a software firewall. Submission Requirements: Include a references page citing the resources you used from the textbook, ITT Tech Virtual Library, and credible websites to substantiate your answers. All citations should be in APA format. Refer to ITT Tech Virtual Library> Research Help> Research Guides> Grammar, Writing & Style> APA Formatting and Style Guide for help in APA...
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...that starts the “chain reaction” which ends with the entire operating system being loaded is known as the boot loader (or bootstrap loader). The term creatively came from early designiners imagining that before a computer “runs” it must have it’s “boots strapped”. The boot loader’s only job is to load other software for the operating system to start. Often, multiple-stage boot loaders are used, in which several small programs of increasing complexity sequentially summon one after the other, until the last of them loads the operating system. Boot Devices The boot device is the device from which the operating system is loaded. A modern PC BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) supports booting from various devices. These include the local hard disk drive, optical drive, floppy drive, a network interface card, and a USB device. Typically, the BIOS will allow the user to configure a boot order. If the boot order is set to: 1. CD Drive 2. Hard Disk Drive 3....
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...NT1110: Module 5 Computer Operation and Security Lab 5.1 Understanding BIOS, POST, and Security Basics In this lab, you will demonstrate your ability to fix issues related to BIOS/POST and secure the computer from viruses and Trojans. Required Setup and Tools A computer with access to the Internet Recommended Procedures Task 1: Understanding BIOS and POST A user boots his or her computer and hears a sequence of six beeps. The computer uses AMI BIOS. What error is indicated by the six beeps? A different user with a computer using Phoenix BIOS hears a sequence of beeps with pauses in between. The sequence is beep - pause - beep beep beep - pause - beep beep beep beep- pause - beep beep beep. What error is indicated by this beep sequence? Task 2: Basic Security Firewalls may be hardware devices or software programs. Hardware firewalls protect an entire network. Software firewalls protect a single computer. Research the Internet for an example of each of these types of firewalls and compare their features. Linksys and Cisco make firewall/routers for home use. The Zone labs are an example of a software firewall. Submission Requirements: Include a references page citing the resources you used from the textbook, ITT Tech Virtual Library, and credible websites to substantiate your answers. All citations should be in APA format. Refer to ITT Tech Virtual Library> Research Help> Research Guides> Grammar, Writing & Style> APA Formatting and Style Guide for help in APA formatting. Your report...
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...Question 3 a). The needles are arranged vertically pointed up, outwards, and are stuck close to one another; attached in clusters. b). In a bundle, there are two leaves in a bundle. c). Pine leaves have needles, instead of flat leaves, like the broad-leaved trees. The needles help to survive winter’s hardship. For example, the needles cut evaporation so trees can save water, which is very useful during the winter season. Broad leaves trees, produce new leaves every spring. Photosynthesis occurs rapid in broad- leaved trees, unlike the pine leaves. d). Pines are called evergreens because the tree does not shed its leaves during the fall, they stay green all year around. e). Pine roots and fir are some plants that we’ve studied in the lab that are evergreen. f). Function: • Resin duct: secrets resin to protect pine needle plants from insects and other animals that try and eat it. • Stoma: tiny openings which allow gas exchange necessary for cellular processes; photosynthesis. • Epidermis: It protects against water loss, functions in gas exchange; oxygen and carbon dioxide, and helps keep its structure. • Photosynthetic...
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...4/15/2015 BIO156 Lab 2 Print Lab 2 Biological Molecules and pH Introduction: Connecting Your Learning Biological organisms, like all things, are made up of elements. These elements combine to form organic molecules that create the basis for life. The main elements found in biological organisms include carbon (C), hydrogen (H), phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O). This lab describes how these elements form some of the most important molecules in life: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Resources and Assignments Multimedia Resources Required Assignments None Lesson 2 Lab 2 From the Lab Kit 7 test tubes Benedict's solution Biuret solution 15 micropipettes 10 pipettes Forceps pH test strips 4 unknown samples https://www.riolearn.org/content/bio/BIO156/BIO156_INTER_0000_v9/labs/lab02.shtml?print 1/21 4/15/2015 BIO156 Lab 2 Measuring spoons (teaspoon and tablespoon) 50 mL beaker Mortar and pestle Glass stirring rod 100 mL graduated cylinder Microscope slide Plastic funnel Test tube tongs Test tube rack 5 plastic cups Goggles Plastic gloves 1 tablespoon baking soda 1 tablespoon chicken soup 4 tablespoons sugar Required Materials 1 tablespoon cornstarch 2 tablespoons unflavored gelatin Student Provided Small saucepan Paper towel Oven glove or mitt Baking tray or aluminum foil (about an 18-inch sheet) Scissors Pencil Dime Microwave (optional) or Stove Permanent marker https://www.riolearn...
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...DNA, one of the most important molecules of all living organisms, holds the genetic imformation that determines the strucure of proteins of every individual organism. Being used in millions of organisms, those living and non-living, DNA can be formed in almost an infinite amount of combinations, making millions of unique traits. DNA has been used in the organisms living on the Earth since the beginning of life, about three or four billion years ago. The search for the chemical identitiy of genetic material started more than a century ago. Im 1869, a method was publshed by Swiss scientist Frederick Miescher on how to separate the cell nuclei from the cytoplasm. In doing that, an acid material was extracted from the cell nuclei which Miescher called "nuclein". Later on, nuclein, which was now called nucleic acid, was found to be involved with different proteins formed in combinations called nucleoproteins. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar moiety, a phosphate group, and either a purine base or a pyrimidine base. The sugars that had five carbons was given the name ribose whlie the sugar lacking on oxygen atom was givn the name dioxiribose. Since no nucleic acid can contain both of these sugar, there are two types of nucleic acid: ribonucleic acid (RNA), and deoxiribose nucleic acid (DNA). In the 1950, the structure of DNA was cleared with the help from chromatographic separation and X-ray studies. From that it was established that DNA generally is in the form as a duplex...
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...Exam 1 Review Questions 1. Which property of life is illustrated by a. The Venus flytrap’s ability to close its trap rapidly after detecting the presence of an insect.(sensitivity) b. A puffin eating fish and using the energy for swimming. (adaptation) c. The formation of tissue from cells and organs from tissues.(regulation) d. The evolution of camouflage coloration in the katydid.(order) e. Thermoregulation in a polar bear. (homestasis) 2. Biologists study life at many different levels. Which level of life is illustrated by f. All the organisms living in Roosevelt Lake (community) g. All the Largemouth Bass living in Roosevelt Lake (population) h. Roosevelt Lake(biosphere) i. One Largemouth Bass(organism) 3. An important aspect of any biological study is to communicate ideas clearly. Identify the following statements as observations (O), hypotheses (H), or predictions (P). j. ___h__ Tropical rain forests have high species diversity k. ___o__ Mesquite trees have thick, dry bark to prevent water loss in the desert. l. ___p___Large-billed parrots will eat large seeds and small-billed parrots will eat small seeds. m. ___h___ Social insects will help their relatives raise offspring rather than produce their own because they actually achieve higher indirect fitness by helping. n. __o____ Many species of birds inhabit a single tree. 4. In an experiment...
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...BIOS140 Week 1 iLab: Exploring the microscope and cells Complete the following Crossword Puzzle- Have Fun! | | | | 1 L | i | g | h | t | | | | | 2W | a | l | 3l | | | 4e | | 5D | | | i | | | | | | 6p | | | | | | y | | | l | | i | | | v | | | | | | o | | | | | | s | | | e | | a | | | i | | | | | 7 p | r | o | k | a | r | y | o | t | i | c | | 8p | l | a | n | t | a | e | | | e | | | | | | s | | | t | | h | | | g | | | | | | s | | | | | | o | | | r | | r | | | | | | | | | | | 9e | | | | m | | | o | | a | | 10w | | | 11 M | i | c | t | o | t | u | b | u | l | e | | | n | | g | | a | | | | | | | | | k | | | | | | | | | 12 m | i | t | o | c | h | o | 13 n | d | r | i | a | | | | | | | | | | | e | | | | | u | | | | r | | | | | | | | | | | r | | | | | c | | | | y | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | l | | | 14 r | o | u | g | h | | | | | | | | | | 15O | | | e | | | | t | | | | | | | | | | | | | 16c | h | r | o | m | a | t | i | n | | | | | | | | | | | | u | | | l | | | | c | | | | | | | | | | | | | l | | | i | | 17 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | a | | | 18 S | T | A | G | E | | | | | | | | | | | | | r | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 19 h | u | m | a | n | |...
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...Animal Diversity Stephen Oppon BIO 108 Animal Diversity I November 6, 2013 Page !1 ! Phylum Porifera ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Page 132 Given that all sponges are filter feeders, why does it follow that all sponges are aquatic? Filter feeding is the filtering of nutrients and plankton suspended in water therefore for sponges to feed effectively they must be aquatic ! ! Would mobility improve the ability of sponges to capture food? Explain. Motility would improve the ability of the sponge to capture food because as a non motile creature it can not seek out food. Sponges can only capture for that is streaming towards them and this is a very ineffective means of feeding ! Animal Diversity Page !2 ! ! ! ! ! Phylum Cnidaria ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Animal Diversity Page !3 ! Phylum Platyhelminthes Comparison of 3 different species of planarians Brown Sketch White Black ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! S-like pattern Not really sensitive to light S-like pattern Extremely sensitive to light, it tries to stay in the paper shade as much as possible S-like patter They are almost insensitive to light Movement Sensitivity to light Page 137 What can you conclude about the sensory capabilities of the planarians The planarians sensitivity to light are highly dependent on their pigmentation, since the darker ones has less response to light than the lighter ones Why is bilateral symmetry more adaptive than radial symmetry for a motile animal. Bilateral symmetry aids int he...
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...1.why is all data stored in a computer in binary form? Computers are only able to read and store data in binary form, 1 or 0, on or off, yes or no, voltage or none. Binary is the simplest way to manage information. 2. What are the four primary functions of hardware? input, output, PROCESS, and Storage 3. What are the two main input devices and two main output devices? the mouse, keyboard, printer, and monitor. 4. What three things do electronic hardware devices need in order to function? power, ground return, and load. 5. How many bits are in a byte? There are eight bits in a byte. 6. What is the purpose of an expansion slot on a motherboard? Expansion slots on a motherboard are designed to accept peripheral cards that add functionality to a computer system, such as a video or a sound card. 7. Which component on the motherboard is used primarily for processing? The CPU 8. Name the two main CPU manufacturers. Intel and AMD 9. Order the following ports according to speed, placing the fastest port first: FireWire, eSATA, USB. eSATA is faster than FireWire and firewire is faster than USB. 10. What are two other names for the system bus? The PCI bus, and the PCI express bus 11. What type of output does an S/PDIF port provide? Digital output 12. Why is an SSD hard drive more reliable under rugged conditions than an IDE hard drive? SSD hard drives have no moving parts that can disintegrate under rugged conditions. Because SDD drives have...
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