...2014 | | | | Assignment title 1 | Know the organisation of the human body | In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. | 5a Criteria reference | To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | | Task no. | | Evidence | P1 | Outline the functions of the main cell components. | | 1 | | Training Pack | P2 | Outline the structure of the main tissues of the body | | 1 | | Training Pack | P3 | Outline the gross structure of all the main body systems. | | 1 | | Training Pack | Learner declaration | I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own. I have clearly referenced any sources used in the work. I understand that false declaration is a form of malpractice.Learner signature: Date: | Assignment brief 1 Qualification | BTEC 90 Credit/Extended Diploma in Health and Social Care | Unit number and title | Unit 5 Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care | Assessor name | Louise Dada, Angela Lewis-Wright and Alison Watson | Date issued | 10 November 2014 | Hand in deadline | 8 December 2014 | | Assignment title 1 | Know the organisation of the human body | Purpose of this assignment Know the organisation of the human body. | ScenarioYou are a newly qualified nurse who has been given the...
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...As a branchiopod, the Daphnia magna belongs to the Order Cladocera, which is protected by a calcified shell, also known as the carapace. The carapace is primarily made up of chitin and portions of the body cavity. The carapace also has a double wall, providing a channel between then in which hemolymph flows freely (Ebert, 2005). Differing from the circulatory system of humans and other closed-circuit circulatory systems, the Daphnia magna contains hemolymph which is a blood-like fluid that can be found in all arthropods and is pumped throughout the functionally formed body cavity via the open-circulatory system. This animal’s circulatory system transports nutrients to all cells and also carries carbon dioxide and various waster products away, but it does not disperse oxygen. The modified respiratory system has branches that reach almost every body cell, directly diffusing oxygen into them (Campbell, 2010). While the open circulatory system of the Daphnia magna may not be as efficient as that of a human, for small arthropods, it adequately transfers all body material. Its heart is the muscular organ that pumps the hemolymph throughout the body. The heart of the arthropod varies from that of higher vertebrates in that it is simply a more complex piece of the circulatory system, having increased musculature, but no valves or compartments (Campbell, 2010). The heart rate is the frequency of heart contractions, quantified by the number of beats per minute (Campbell, 2010). Determining...
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...Biology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Biology (disambiguation). Biology deals with the study of the many varieties of living organisms. Clockwise from top left: Salmonella typhimurium, Phascolarctos cinereus, Athyrium filix-femina, Amanita muscaria, Agalychnis callidryas, and Brachypelma smithi Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.[1] Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines. Among the most important topics are five unifying principles that can be said to be the fundamental axioms of modern biology:[2] 1. Cells are the basic unit of life 2. New species and inherited traits are the product of evolution 3. Genes are the basic unit of heredity 4. An organism regulates its internal environment to maintain a stable and constant condition 5. Living organisms consume and transform energy. Subdisciplines of biology are recognized on the basis of the scale at which organisms are studied and the methods used to study them: biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life; molecular biology studies the complex interactions of systems of biological molecules; cellular biology examines the basic building block of all life, the cell; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of the tissues, organs, and organ systems of an organism; and ecology...
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...A2 Biology Unit 5 page 1 AQA A2 Biology Unit 5 Contents Specification Human Nervous system Nerve Cells The Nerve Impulse Synapses Receptors Muscle Animal Responses Control of Heart Rate The Hormone System Homeostasis Temperature Homeostasis Blood Glucose Homeostasis Control of Mammalian Oestrus Plant Responses The Genetic Code Protein Synthesis Gene Mutations Stem Cells Control of Gene Expression Biotechnology DNA sequencing Southern Blot In vivo cloning Genetically Modified Organisms Gene Therapy Genetic Screening and Counselling 2 4 6 0 14 17 24 28 30 33 34 38 42 44 48 50 54 57 63 66 71 76 80 85 89 92 Molecular Genetics These notes may be used freely by A level biology students and teachers, and they may be copied and edited. Please do not use these materials for commercial purposes. I would be interested to hear of any comments and corrections. Neil C Millar (nmillar@ntlworld.co.uk) Head of Biology, Heckmondwike Grammar School High Street, Heckmondwike, WF16 0AH Jan 2010 HGS Biology A-level notes NCM 8/09 A2 Biology Unit 5 page 2 Biology Unit 5 Specification Control Systems Organisms increase their chance of survival by responding to changes in their environment. The Nerve Impulse The structure of a myelinated motor neurone. The establishment of a resting potential in terms of differential membrane permeability, electrochemical gradients and the movement of sodium and potassium ions. Changes in membrane permeability lead to depolarisation and the...
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...learn more about who we are and what we want to contribute to the world. For instance, during my sophomore year of high school, I took a biology class which ignited my interest in sciences which pertained to the human body. Ever since that year, my curiosity and thirst for knowledge of science grew. Throughout my junior year, I thoroughly enjoyed my chemistry class and was anxious to learn something new everyday. Currently, I am fortunate enough to attend a school that allows me to take an anatomy class. Anatomy is a subject in which I can procure a deeper...
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...The human body is a clever organism. Whatever we are doing, at any time whether it is resting, walking around or sleeping, our body and the complicated systems within it are constantly working to keep us alive. In order to maintain a healthy heart and circulatory system it is important to exercise, but what demands does exercise have on the body? In order to investigate some of the effects that exercise has on the body we conducted a practical experiment in small groups in which a subject carried out gentle exercise (jogging on the spot) for five minutes. Using a heart rate monitor the heart rate was measured at rest, after five minutes of exercise then at two minute intervals. The breathing rate was measured using a timer. The results were then recorded, analysed and collated with the rest of the class. From that the mean data was created. The purpose of this investigation as to measure effects that exercise has on Heart rate and Breathing rate within the body. In this we will be looking at the demands placed on a healthy body during short term exercise and particularly the respiratory and circulatory systems also, what the body goes through and which other systems such as the digestive system contribute to these processes and how cellular respiration occurs. The hypothesis of the experiment is that the heart rate will rise sharply...
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...Branches of Biology Biology, the study of life, has many aspects to it and many specializations within this broad field. Below is an alphabetical list of many of the branches of biology. Agriculture - study of producing crops from the land, with an emphasis on practical applications Anatomy - the study of the animal form, with an emphasis on human bodies Biochemistry - the study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level Bioengineering - the study of biology through the means of engineering with an emphasis on applied knowledge and especially related to biotechnology. Bioinformatics - also classified as a branch of information technology (IT) it is the study, collection, and storage of genomic data Biomathematics or Mathematical Biology - the study of biological processes through mathematics, with an emphasis on modeling. Biomechanics - often considered a branch of medicine, the study of the mechanics of living beings, with an emphasis on applied use through artificial limbs, etc. Biophysics - the study of biological processes through physics, by applying the theories and methods traditionally used in the physical sciences Biotechnology - a new and sometimes controversial branch of biology that studies the manipulation of living matter, including genetic modification Botany - the study of plants Cell Biology - the study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions...
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...AS Biology Unit 1 page 1 AQA AS Biology Unit 1 Contents Specification Biological Molecules Chemical bonds Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Biochemical Tests Enzymes Eukaryotic Cells Prokaryotic Cells Cell Fractionation Microscopy The Cell Membrane Movement across Cell Membranes Exchange The Gas Exchange System Lung Diseases The Heart Coronary Heart Disease The Digestive System Cholera Lifestyle and Disease Defence against Disease Immunisation Monoclonal Antibodies 1 – Mathematical Requirements 2– The Unit 1 Exam 2 4 6 8 10 16 17 24 28 30 31 35 37 44 46 50 54 58 60 67 68 72 80 81 83 86 Cells Human Physiology Disease Appendices These notes may be used freely by A level biology students and teachers, and they may be copied and edited. Please do not use these materials for commercial purposes. I would be interested to hear of any comments and corrections. Neil C Millar (nmillar@ntlworld.co.uk) Head of Biology, Heckmondwike Grammar School High Street, Heckmondwike, WF16 0AH July 2011 HGS Biology A-level notes NCM/7/11 AS Biology Unit 1 page 2 Biology Unit 1 Specification Biochemistry Biological Molecules Biological molecules such as carbohydrates and proteins are often polymers and are based on a small number of chemical elements. • Proteins have a variety of functions within all living organisms. The general structure of an amino acid. Condensation and the formation of peptide bonds linking together amino acids to form polypeptides. The relationship...
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...including their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.[1] Modern biology is a vast and eclectic field, composed of manybranches and subdisciplines. However, despite the broad scope of biology, there are certain general and unifying concepts within it that govern all study and research, consolidating it into single, coherent fields. In general, biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life, genes as the basic unit of heredity, and evolution as the engine that propels the synthesis and creation of new species. It is also understood today that all organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy and by regulating their internal environment to maintain a stable and vital condition. Subdisciplines of biology are defined by the scale at which organisms are studied, the kinds of organisms studied, and the methods used to study them: biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life; molecular biologystudies the complex interactions among biological molecules; botany studies the biology of plants; cellular biologyexamines the basic building-block of all life, the cell; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions oftissues, organs, and organ systems of an organism; evolutionary biology examines the processes that produced the diversity of life; and ecology examines how organisms interact in their environment.[2] HistoryThe term biology is derived from the Greek word βίος, bios, "life" and the suffix -λογία, -logia, "study of."[3][4] The...
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...HOW CAN I USE SCIENCE FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Development at any phase is always linked with technology and technology happens when there is advancement in science. Hence science, technology and development are all proportional to each other. Development is required in every individual to every nation in all aspects and for development to happen, science and technology go hand in hand. Basically science is known as the study of knowledge, which is made into a system and depends on analyzing and understanding facts. Technology is basically the application of this scientific knowledge. For any successful economy, particularly in today’s quest for knowledge based economies, science, technology and engineering are the basic requisites. If nations do not implement science and technology, then the chances of getting them developed becomes minimal and thus could be even rated as an undeveloped nation. Science and Technology is associated in all means with modernity and it is an essential tool for rapid development. Modernization in every aspect of life is the greatest example of the implementation of science and technology in every nation. With the introduction of modern gadgets in every walk of life, life has become simple and this is possible only because of implementing science and technology together. Without having modern equipment’s...
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...AQA GCSE Biology – Unit 2 summary notes AQA GCSE Biology Summary Notes For Unit B2 Exam Tuesday th May 13 2014 Page 1 AQA GCSE Biology – Unit 2 summary notes B2.1 Cells and Cell Structures Summary All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. To get into or out of cells, dissolved substances have to cross the cell membranes. Cells Cells are the smallest unit of life. All living things are made of cells. Most human cells, like most other animal cells, have the following parts: o nucleus o cytoplasm o cell membrane o mitochondria o ribosomes Plant and algal cells also have: o cell wall o chloroplasts o permanent vacuole What do these structures do? Nucleus – controls the activities of the cell. Cytoplasm – where most of the chemical reactions take place. Cell membrane - controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell. Mitochondria - where most energy is released in respiration. Page 2 AQA GCSE Biology – Unit 2 summary notes Ribosomes - where protein synthesis occurs. Cell wall – made of cellulose and strengthens plant cells. Chloroplasts - absorb light energy to make food in plant cells. Permanent vacuole - filled with cell sap in plant cells. Yeast Yeast is a single-celled organism. The cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm and a membrane surrounded by a cell wall. Bacteria Bacterium is a single-celled organism. A bacterial cell consists of cytoplasm and a membrane...
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...INDEX INDEX -Importance of transport systems -Importance of transport systems -open circulatory system -closed circulatory system -circulation in plants -open circulatory system -closed circulatory system -circulation in plants * Types of transport systems * Types of transport systems * What is a transport system? * What is a transport system? What is a transport system? What is a transport system? * Not all individual cells require all of the many different types of materials carried by a transport system. For example, the blood circulation system in humans carries various substances including some hormones that have target organs. Although they are carried around the whole body via the blood system, those specific molecules are only received by and useful to specific types of cells located in the target organ of that particular hormone * Not all individual cells require all of the many different types of materials carried by a transport system. For example, the blood circulation system in humans carries various substances including some hormones that have target organs. Although they are carried around the whole body via the blood system, those specific molecules are only received by and useful to specific types of cells located in the target organ of that particular hormone Multiple exchange surfaces? Although gas exchange surfaces are important due to the need for respiration, they are not the only types of exchange surfaces. Another...
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...Edexcel BTEC Level 2 Certificate, Extended Certificate and Diploma in Health and Social Care (QCF) Unit 7: Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care Assignment 7 Contents Index | | Page No | Learner details* | | 3 | Learner tracker* | | 3 | Learner declaration* | | 3 | Aim and purpose | | 4 | Unit introduction | | 4 | Learning outcomes | | 5 | Unit contents | | 7 | Essential Resources | | 8 | Assessment brief | | 9 | Task 1 | P1 | 10 | Task 2 | P2/M1/D1 | 10 | Task 3 | P3 | 11 | | | | Task 4 | P4/M2 | 11 | Task 5Task 6 | P5P6/M3/D2 | 1112 | | | | | | | * Must be submitted with learner’s evidence. Assignment 7 – Unit 7: Anatomy and Physiology for Health and Social Care Learner Name: Assessor Name: Issue Date: Deadline Date: Submission Date: Learner Tracker Assignment 1 | Assessment Criteria | Completed | Grade | Task 1 | | | | Task 2 | | | | Task 3 | | | | Task 4 | | | | Task 5 | | | | Task 6 | | | | ------------------------------------------------- Learner Declaration ------------------------------------------------- The learner declaration must be attached to the completed portfolio of evidence. ------------------------------------------------- Learner Name: ------------------------------------------------- I declare that the work contained in this portfolio of evidence is all my own work. ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...of the cell, it has coded instruction that enables it to make specific protein; this is how ribosomes are made here. This is bounded by a double membrane; the cytoplasm is like material within the nucleus this is called the nucleplasm (Rowland, as biology, 2008). The nucleus stores, replicates and decodes DNA. , which gives each cell it unique characteristics; this means liver cells are is different from muscle cell and is different from a fat cell. It is also the largest and most prominent organelle in the cell; it is a specialized subunit in the cell that has a specific function. As the nuclear envelope isolates and protects a cell’s DNA from various molecules that might damage the structure or its processing this when DNA is synthesized special RNA (Parker and Honeysett, biology, 2008). The nucleolus produces ribosome’s, which move out of nucleus to a position on the rough endoplasmic reticulum where they are critical in protein synthesis. Endoplasmic Reticulum which has a system of complex tunnels that spread throughout the cell, this part of the cell which is suspended. This helps food to be consumed and transform into energy for the cell functions. It has elaborate system which is called endoplasmic reticulum (Rowland, as biology, 2008); this is interconnected with the lining membrane with nuclear envelope. This given to the fact that is referred to as called cytosol, mean cell substance which is a grey colour when looked at it. As it is made up of two parts the ectoplasm...
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...The Importance of Biology in the Study of Psychology Ashley B. McVey Cecil College Abstract Whether it is the study of biopsychology and other fields of psychology or neuroscience, all psychologists and scientists are trying to understand the functions of the brain. The body and mind connection and how it reacts to certain behaviors or illnesses. Most all psychological functioning can be reduced to underlying brain processes. This should serve as reason alone as to why biology plays an important part in the study of psychology. Psychological factors play a role in whether a person develops a mental illness and in how well they recover from a mental illness, yet biological and genetic risk factors, or predispositions, are fundamentals to understanding mental illnesses. In this paper, we will look at Parkinson’s disease as an example of how biology has brought us to a deeper understanding of the psychology of mental illness. Psychology is an academic and applied discipline that involves the scientific study of mental functions and behaviors. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the psychological and neurobiological processes that underlie certain functions and behaviors. For this reason, biology plays a very important role in the study of psychology. Psychology determines what people perceive to feel and behave, but underlying it all, ultimately determining the way we act...
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