...in the world of racial discrimination still exists in certain areas. Racial has always been a matter of concern in the Europe and the United States. Because the vast majority of black people were deprived of equal treatment rights due to their skin color. Of course includes Indians, indigenous peoples of Oceania, Europe's former colonial immigrants, ethnic minorities and foreign workers in Asia "tribal people" and caste group, are victims of racial discrimination past and present. Racial discrimination insults to human dignity, so it repeatedly condemned by the international media and international organizations. November 20, 1963, "United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination," declares the first time, to quickly eliminate all racial discrimination in the world. November 30, 1973, by the United Nations' International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid, "once again clearly announced that those who commit acts of apartheid organizations, institutions or individuals, that is a crime, bear international crimes (“International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination” Introduction) Following paragraphs would explore those racial issues from the WW II period, especially for Africans; address the root of racial issues; discover what people have done from both sides in order to eliminate racial issues and achieve freedom, equality and fraternity? During the World War II on December...
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...The Black U.S. Soldier August 8, 2001 I. Introduction II. Civil War A. The emergence of a black fighting man. 1. Lincoln refusal of black combat men 2. Formation of state units 3. Lincoln’s reversal 4. The birth of the U.S. colored fighting man B. The Buffalo soldiers 1. Formation of the 9th and 10th Cavalry and 24th and 25th infantry 2. Birth of the Buffalo soldier 3. The almost death of the Buffalo soldier III. World War I A. Limited roles of black men B. Combat Units IV. World War II A. 320th Barrage Balloon Battalion B. 96th engineers C. 99th Fighter Squadron D. 332nd Fighter Group V. Conclusion The emergence of the African-American professional fighting man in America began with the Civil War. Through the years and the wars the African-American people have proven themselves time and time again, but racism and prejudices have kept the majority of these heroes from ever receiving the recognition that they deserve. At the start of the Civil War was when President Lincoln first called for the 75,000 volunteers to fight against the Confederate states, but the thousands of African-Americans were turned away. These men were told that white men would fight a “white man war” and that their services were not needed. One man even petitioned the Ohio Governor, David Tod, who rejected the idea and stated that “this was a white man government and that they were able to defend and protect...
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...this nation by serving this country in spite of the racism they faced. From the Civil War to the present war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the African American soldiers have served and broke down racial barriers in the face of adversity. This is a look at the contribution of service to this country as soldiers from 1865 to present day. During the years of the Civil War, 1861-1865, the African Americans were participating in the war whether they were freemen or slaves. In the southern states many slaves were forced to aid in the war effort by the Confederate army. On the other hand, the Northern states turn away black men at the beginning of the Civil War, but towards the end of the war the Northern army (the union) began accepting Negro soldiers into the army. “For the black soldier in the Union Army, the reason for the war was to free the slaves”, although President Lincolns effort was to save the Union. Emancipation or freedom of the slaves became a major part of the Civil War and it provided additional resources to the Union Army in the way of black soldiers (Simmonds & Carter, 2010). According to Simmonds and Carter (2010), the “Negro Soldiers” fought bravely and won praise in over 200 battles during the Civil War (Para. 4). One of the most recognized or famous black regiment was the fifty-fourth Massachusetts regiment. The fifty-fourth was established in 1863 and was one of the first black units organized in the north. The unit was led by Robert Gould Shaw and the unit was...
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...Equality After the Civil War and the reorganizing of the Southern states, Black Americans inaugurated a crusade and difficult journey for sanctioned racial equality. Members of the Radical G.O.P. assisted Blacks by bringing forth legislations such as the Civil Rights Act of 1866, the Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendment; however, White anti-Black supremacists in the Southern States ignored these laws and made certain that Blacks remained fearful, and away from the voting booths. Several strategies employed by the Whites hindered and kept Black Americans from acting upon their newfound Civil Rights laws. Some of these tactics included: poll taxes, testing Blacks for their ability to read, and write and that also familiar, public lynching’s were employed by the Black Codes. Even though the Civil War ended, racial disapproval, and destruction in the Southern States continued (Bowles, 2011). The Compromise of 1877 ruined the chances of Blacks to depart from a life of farmers and inferior citizenship. Along with many injustices Black Americans faced following the Civil War, only strengthen their efforts, and never once consider giving up the fight for equality. After Black Americans battled in the war between the North and South, the social and racial environment was very crucial in America, and insisted upon immediate attention. Blacks were thought of as contraband of war before they were authorized to contribute to the war effort; however, Black soldiers attained the legal right...
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...Men In War Name University 1. Introduction All recruited rookie conscripts can be generally divided into two categories. Neither religious, nor political affiliations are the criterions. The future soldiers are automatically divided into two groups. The first group, are those who want to go to the war, and the second, are those conscripts who detest the idea of landing on the enemy’s territory, taking a rifle, and joining the combat zone, eliminating the enemy soldiers. The reasons for this diverging demeanor are evident. The first batch regards the upcoming combats as the opportunity to reach masculinity and the way to become real men. An ingrained prejudice among many Americans is that the true man is the one who served in the military and took part in the combat operations. However, the revelations of those United States and their Allies soldiers who were summoned to protect the welfare of the USA during the Civil War, the First World War, and the World War II have indicated that sometimes the notion that a boy becomes a man during the war is nothing but a myth. This paper outlines the expectations and the results obtained by the soldiers of different nationalities, religions and cultures, who experienced the Civil War, Word War I, and the World War II respectively and explains the reasons of their ultimate opinions. 2. The Civil War The Civil War in the United States of America is known to be one of the most bloody and atrocious wars, which the mankind...
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...the dawn of the nation, the armed forces have included black Americans. As early as 1652, leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony mandated that all Indians and people of African descent residing in "settled" areas enlist in a local militia. Prince Duplex, Sr. was one of nearly 300 men of African descent to enlist in the Connecticut militia during the Revolutionary War, and Oscar Marion, a slave on the South Carolina plantation of war hero General Francis Marion, fought side by side with his master, also serving as "personal assistant, bodyguard, sous-chef, bugler, courier, confidant, and oarsman." When the Medal of Honor—the nation's highest award for military valor—was established in 1861, African Americans were not excluded. In time, however, conferral of the award began to mirror the status of black Americans in general, embodying a tumultuous history that has not always been so honorable. The origins of the award lie with the Civil War. On 21 December 1861—exactly a year and a day after the secession of South Carolina—President Abraham Lincoln signed Senate Bill 82 into law. The measure, created to honor "non-commissioned officers and privates as shall most distinguish themselves by their gallantry in action, and other soldier-like qualities," was at first an honor exclusively for Navy sailors, but by the following year was expanded to include the Army. Though originally intended to cover only the length of the Civil War, the Medal of Honor was made a permanent decoration...
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...stereotyping, microagressions, and objectifications are issues that are still current today, the only difference is that we have the technology to create dialogue, content, and trends that can connect us to one another via the world wide web leaving us to comment and share our opinions with each other. In the past, conversations about racism and prejudice were kept under the table and not dealt with and people of color suffered in America having to go without basic human rights, opposite of their white counterpart....
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...Gwen Altman AMH 2020 16 March 16 World War II and the Homefront Six years, 1.6 trillion dollars, and over 60 million deaths. No one could possibly refute the massive impact of World War II. However, many look abroad rather than see the affects in the United States Homefront that would alter the nation infinitely. The Second World War brought on unprecedented economic growth. Increased rights and freedoms were also secured for females and African Americans. World War II sparked a whole new era of economic and social change in the United States. The American public dove head first into the war effort in all aspects. For example, Americans “bought billions of dollars’ worth of bonds to help defray the cost of the war” (Winkler). Despite having just experienced the economic turmoil of the 1930’s, many were quick to purchase patriotic bonds. Those who did not donate supported the war effort through obtaining resources for soldiers. Rations restricted in demand goods like sugar, meat, and fuel and others grew their own fruits and vegetables in professed “victory gardens”. Communities also collected scrap metal and rubber from objects like aluminum cans. Most importantly, the American economy soared with the jobs generated by mammoth amounts of ammunition and transportation needed. “New Deal strategies of Preparedness and Conversion readied industries to create war materials” (Tassava). For instance, major automobile manufactures changed to construct airplanes. These new factories...
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...November 01, 2015 HIUS 222, “World War II In Color: Total War,” (A&E Television Networks), 47:10 mins. This documentary was designed to show what World War II was like in a color format. Most videos that have been produced were in black and white, and even though you get an idea of what the destruction and devastation was like, nothing will prepare you for seeing the devastation on all sides of the war in a color video format. “World War II in Color: Total War” is an unbiased documentary that was aired on the A&E Network in the year 2000. This documentary was put together using diary entries, letters, and interviews of those who lived through World War II on all sides of the war. Some of the diary entries were horrifying to listen to, but when set to video of the event it really brought home how horrible this war was to live through by the civilians living in hard-hit cities. Mary Borg was a seventeen year old Jewish girl who lived in the Warsaw Ghetto and wrote in her diary about the great number of children left to be orphans because their parents were killed and how this affected them. She talked about how malnourished they were and how they looked like monkeys instead of children. These words were chilling in themselves, but to view the video of these small children ranging in ages of three years old and up made you want to cry. This documentary also highlights the thoughts of soldiers fighting this war and some of the thoughts they had while killing...
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...As the U.S entered World War II, production increased drastically in a short amount of time. http://www.history.com/topics/american-women-in-world-war-ii During World War II, some 350,000 women served in the U.S. Armed Forces, both at home and abroad. They included the Women's Airforce Service Pilots, who on March 10, 2010, were awarded the prestigious Congressional Gold Medal. Meanwhile, widespread male enlistment left gaping holes in the industrial labor force. Between 1940 and 1945, the female percentage of the U.S. workforce increased from 27 percent to nearly 37 percent, and by 1945 nearly one out of every four married women worked outside the home. http://www.nps.gov/pwro/collection/website/rosie.htm The Image and Reality of Women who Worked During World War II Before the United States entered World War II, several companies already had contracts with the government to produce war equipment for the Allies. Almost overnight the United States entered the war and war production had to increase dramatically in a short amount of time. Auto factories were converted to build airplanes, shipyards were expanded, and new factories were built, and all these facilities needed workers. At first companies did not think that there would be a labor shortage so they did not take the idea of hiring women seriously. Eventually, women were needed because companies were signing large, lucrative contracts with the government just as all the men were leaving for the service. Working was...
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...the United States armed forces. Although the Tuskegee Airmen were not the first black service members to distinguishably serve their country, they were able to do so during a time of progression in the black community and turmoil in the world. The Tuskegee Airmen represented the diverse and deeply patriotic African American population on an international front. After World War I, several studies were conducted, in reference to the role that African Americans played in the military. The results were biases and based in prejudice and stereotypes of the past. “The study concluded that black men were cowards, poor technicians and fighters, lacking initiative and resourcefulness. The study also stated that the Negro was a subspecies of the human population.” The study also reported that the average brain of a black man only weighed thirty-five ounces compared to the forty-five ounces of an average white man. These test results provided more than enough evidence for military leaders that the military need to continue its practice of segregation. With World War II quickly advancing on the heels of America, the War College was commissioned to do another study into the role of blacks in the military. This study did not differ very much from the previous report, but it did suggest that more blacks be allowed to join the Army. Despite the need for more soldiers, this did not change the positions that blacks were given and they were still not allowed to join the Army Air Corps. In September...
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...Phoenix University History 135 Instructor, Student, Assignment: Significant events in the decades after World War II Due date, Preface Americans faced many challenges in their lives; challenges on a variety of fronts shattered the American consensus. In the 50s, African Americans launched a crusade, joined later by other minority groups and women, for a larger share of the American dream. In the 60s, politically active students protested the nation's role abroad, particularly in the corrosive war in Vietnam, and a youth counterculture challenged the status quo of American values. Americans from many walks of life sought to establish a new equilibrium in the United States, the following time synopsis will shed some light on turning points in our American history. * 1940s, Civil Rights, a time for change. Harry Truman supported the civil rights movement. He believed in political equality, though not in social equality, and recognized the growing importance of the black urban vote. When apprised in 1946 of lynching’s and other forms of mob violence still practiced in the South, he appointed a committee on civil rights to investigate discrimination based on race and religion. The report, issued the next year, documented blacks' second-class status in American life. It asserted the need for the federal government to secure the rights guaranteed to all citizens. Truman responded by sending a 10-point civil rights program to Congress. When Southern Democrats...
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...special events relating to the army. The unit received its name from Gen. Winfield Scott at a victory parade at Mexico City in 1847 after their win in the Mexican War. The 3rd infantry has a long history of service including fifty campaign streamers, which spans from the Battle of Fallen Timber to World War II and Vietnam. After world war II the old guard has been the official Army Honor Guard and...
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... “Sister, am I son of an American soldier?” (p. 30, line 16). This quotation is a 6-year-old boy, Joe, asking a nun about where he comes from. During World War 2 many soldiers had affairs and slept with the local people when they were on a foreign assignment in for example Germany. One of the consequences of this was that several children were born having soldiers as fathers and a local woman from the given place as mother. The child were in most cases born long after the soldier had left the given town or village. The short story D.P. by Kurt Vonnegut, JR is showing us this problem through a telling about a young black boy named Joe, searching for his identity. The title D.P. stands for “Displaced Person” and this is exactly how Joe feels. At the time the story takes place black people were being discriminated, and especially in Europe. This meant that there were not many black people in Germany. The story shows us an image of a youg black boy, Joe, who was raised by nuns in a small German village. He lives on an orphanage with several other children. He was named Karl Heinz by the nuns but the townspeople dubbed him Joe Louis. He has never seen another black person in his life. He do not know who he is, who his mother is or who his father is. Therefore, when he finds out that there are black people among the American Soldiers passing through town he is determined to find his real father – his identity. He finds out about the soldiers during a walk with the other children...
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...World War II through the 1970s Miguel A. Jarquin HIS 105 Professor Simmons August 25, 2013 World War II through the 1970s Major historical turning points World War II one of the most devastating event in human history. It cost the lives of millions of people. During World War II through the 1970s, there were many major historical turning points. (Ganzel, 2010) “October 24, 1945 the United Nations was established. It was the second multipurpose international organization created in the 20th century. The United States, United Kingdom and the Soviet Union took direction in designing, structure and decision making of the new organization”(P.1). With a worldwide membership and scope, the purpose of the United Nations was to maintain security and peace among countries, as well as working on developing friendly relations. According to the United Nations Charter, it aims: “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom.” Another turning point was the creation of The North Atlantic Treaty Organization also known as NATO was established by military alliance on April 4, 1949. Its quest was to develop a counterweight to Soviet armies. (Ganzel, 2010) “Original NATO members were Belgium...
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