Risk Factors for Type 1 Type 1 Diabetes is autoimmune disease, which is when the body is attacking itself. There aren’t many known risk factors but some known ones are… : Family History : if you have a family member with type 1 diabetes, you or your child are at greater risk of having it too. Researchers believe that genetic factors play a role in type 1 diabetes :Having other autoimmune diseases :if you have another condition that affects your immune system, you might be at greater risk :Viral exposure : Some viral contact may trigger the autoimmune disease :Vitamin D : Early drinking of cow’s milk has been linked to type 1 diabetes. :Mother’s age at childbirth :Under 25 or over 35 years old :Some Dietary Factors :Abnormalities at Birth : respiratory infection, jaundice, or high birth weigh can increase the risk of type 1 diabetes for that baby Risk Factors for Type 2 Scientists still don’t have full facts on risk factors and why some people get type 2 diabetes. However, it is more prevalent with these factors. :Weight : 80% of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight. It is a primary risk factor. Obesity itself can cause some degrees of insulin resistance. :Body fat in abdomen regions :Race :Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in African Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanic population :Gender :Diabetes type 2 is diagnosed more in women than in men :Lack of exercise :Physical activities help use sugar as energy. The lack of exercise also makes is hard to control weight. :Age : As you get older, you tend to become less active and gain weight. This risk is higher for people who are over 45. :Heredity :Type 2 carries about twice the heredity risk when compared to type 1 Stress: : Mental stress can raise level of sugar in type 2 diabetes as well as physical stress such as surgery or infection.

Gestational diabetes : if you developed a form of diabetes when you were pregnant, your risk for getting type 2 diabetes also increases High Sugar Level : a condition that is not quite high enough to be called diabetes but with no treatment, can develop into type 2 diabetes.

Complications for Both Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemic Reaction Hypoglycemia is when your sugar level is below normal (usually under 70mg/dL) causing by too much insulin. You may feel weak, cold and suddenly exhausted. This is followed by feelings of hunger and nervousness. You also may experience trembles, headache, drowsiness, nausea and vomiting. Without treatment to correct this, other symptoms might develop, such as dizziness, confusion and speech loss. If condition is still untreated, seizers, loss of consciousness and permanent brain damage may develop, sometimes causing death.

Hyperglycemia Hyperglycemia happens when there is too much sugar in your system. This happens when there is a lack of effective insulin. When sugar can’t enter the cells, the body starts burning fat and protein to use. This left the body with a substance called ketones. When there is too many ketones in the body, the body fluid is imbalanced and then produce a dangerous substance called acetone. This smell can be detected in your breath, which has characteristic sweetish odor. You may experience weakness, drowsiness, vomiting, thirst, abdominal pain, and dehydration. Also, you may have dry and flushed skin. Pulse is rapid and blood pressure is low. Unconsciousness may follow.

Infection Increased sugar damages blood vessels and you are more susceptible to infections. Infections aggregate diabetes. Injury prevention is important because healing is slow.

Large Blood Vessels High blood sugar level may increase the condition that affects the blood vessels. This condition narrows the pathway of blood vessels and decreased blood flow and can cause lack of oxygen you need for your body tissue. Persons with diabetes are 2-­‐6 times more likely to have a stroke and twice as likely to have a heart attack as general people.

Kidney Disease First indications of kidney disease caused by changing of the blood flow are kidney infection, protein or blood in urine. Kidney disease can result in death if not dealt with immediately.

Blindness Uncontrolled diabetes can cause loss of the functional tissue in the eye due to blood vessel damage. First sign may appear in the retina of the eye in the form of infection or bleeding in the eye. Damage cannot be reverse but further damage can be prevented.

Nerve Damage Nerve damage is a long-­‐term complication. It can starts as numbness or tingling and progresses upward . Another can have various effects such as impotence , diarrhea, unable to urinate, dizziness on arising, and abnormal sweating.