A TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES).
HELD AT
UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN FISHFARMOYO STATE
WRITTEN BY
BOLARINWA BOLUWATIFE ADEKUNLE
MATRIC NO:NDFRST/13/228
SUBMITTED TO
THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES TECHNOLOGY.
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE .
FEDERAL COLLEGE OF ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
TECHNOLOGY MOOR PLANTATION IBADAN. FROM SEPTEMBER TO DECEMBER

CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this technical report on student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) was written and compiled by BOLARINWA BOLU ADEKUNLE of Matric No: NDFRT/13/226 and submit to Fisheries Technology Department, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation Ibadan.

________________________________ ____________________
INDUSTRIAL BASED SUPERVISOR DATE

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SIWES CO-COORDINATOR DATE

DEDICATION PAGE

I dedicate this report to Almighty God,for making this programme possible for me.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My special appreciation goes to my industrial based director Mr Akande Samueland industrial based supervisor. For their immeasurable support given to me during my S.I.W.E.S work.I say a big thank you ,may Almighty God reward them abundantly.`
Similarly ,my gratitude goes to the general staff of Ams-top(west Africa) limited,for impacting me skills and knowledge.May Almighty God in his infinite mercy continue to keep them strong.(Amen)
My immeasurable thanks goes to my beloved parent who made me what I am today for love, care,and advice and for their support both financially and morally. May they live to reap the fruit of theirlabour.(Amen)
I thank you all, the goodness and mercies of God shall never be seized from you all.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Certification Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of content
CHAPTER ONE
History of S.I.W.E.S
Aims of S.I.W.E.
Objective of S.I.W.E.S
Significant of S.I.W.E.S
CHAPTER TWO
Facilities in ui fish farm
Various Department in ui fish farm and their Functions
CHAPTER THREE
Activities during S.I.W.E.S (Work Experience)
CHAPTER FOUR
Problems encountered during S.I.W.E.S
Relevance of the S.I.W.E.S programme
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF PROGRAMME
CONCLUSION OF THE PROGRAMME

1.0
HISTORY OF SIWES
Student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES)was established by the ITF in 1973 to solve the problem of lack of adequate practical skills preparatory for employment in industries by Nigerian graduates of tertiary institutions.
The scheme exposes students to industry based skills necessary for a smooth transition from the work classroom to the world of work .It afford student of tertiary institutions the opportunity of being familiarized and exposed to the needed experience in handling machinery and equipment which are usually not available in the educational institutions.
Participation in SIWES has become a necessary pre-condition for the award of Diploma and Degree certificates in specific disciplines in most institutions of higher learning in the country , in accordance with the education policy of government .
Operators –The ITF, the coordinating agencies(NUC,NCCE,NBTE), employers of labour and the institutions.
Funding –The Federal Government of Nigeria
Beneficiaries – Undergraduate student of the following :
Agriculture, Engineering ,Technology, Environmental , Science and Pure and Applied sciences.
Duration –Four months for Polytechnics and colleges of Education, and Six months for the Universities.
Highlight Number of Participating Institutions:
Universities 159
Polytechnics 85
Colleges of Education 62
TOTAL
206
The number of students that participate in SIWES from Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of Education at the end of the 2007 fiscal year was 194 ,890. The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (S.I.W.E.S) is a skill training programme design to prepare and expose students of the tertiary institution to industrial work situation they are likely to meet after graduation .
The need for the establishment of scheme aroused when there was growing concern among industrialists that graduates of institution of higher learning lack adequate practical background required for employment in industries Thus the employers were of the opinion that the theoretical education In higher institutions was not responsive to the needs of employer of labour. S.I.W.E.S programme was therefore designed to complement classroom teaching in the course of studies and to acquaint students with the skill needed in the industries after graduation .SIWES is the equivalent of cooperative Education in the United State of America or Sandwich programme in the United Kingdom , Students of the tertiary institution are sent on attachments to farms,industries, relevant establishment and institutions within the country for a period of four months within the period of their degree programme.The scheme is funded by the Federal Government of Nigeria and jointly coordinated by the National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) and supervised by the Industrial TrainingFund (ITF).
1.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF SIWES
MAIN OBJECTIVE * To bridge the identified gap and practice of engineering in tertiary institution.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES * To provides avenue for students in institutions of higher learning to acquire industrial skill and experience in their course of study. * Prepare students for post graduation work situation .it expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipments and machinery that may not available in educational institutions. * It provide opportunity for students to apply their knowledge in real work situations thereby bridging the gap between the theory and practice. * It easy the transition the transition from school to the world of work and enhance students contacts for later job. * It ernest placement and strengthen employees involvement in the educational process of preparing student for employment in industries . * To extend the knowledge of student and wilding their interests as well as to improve their technical skills * Provide students with an opportunity to apply for knowledge in real work situation thereby bridging the gap * It provides avenue for students to acquire industrial skill and experience in their approved course of study. * Prepare students for their industrial work situation which are likely to meet after graduation.
SIGNIFICANT OF SIWES
The significance of the student industrial work experience scheme in any academic institution can not be over emphasized. It’s a means & platform through which what have been leant theoretically can also be learnt practically, thereby preparing the students for their future employment. * It gets the student exposed and to interact with people they don’t know. * It helps to develop intellectual skills of the students as they are often allowed to take decisions and provide appropriate solutions to problems they may encounter. * It also affords students the opportunity to interact with a large spectrum of people in the industrial setup. * It also prepare students for labor market

CHAPTER 2

2.0 VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS AT UI FISH FARM FISH MARKET :
(i) Staff department.
(ii) Marketing department.
(iii)Smoking department.
(iv) Hatchery department.
(V)Concrete tank Department also, apart from the afore-mentioned departments , there are also thirteen concrete pondsand TenEarthened ponds of which fish are being reared.

NEEDLE & SYRINGE (5ML)
CUTTER SCISSORS
SMALL MORTAL & PESTLE
TABLE SALT
WEIGNING SCALE
WATER
PLASTIC BUCKET
COUNTING TABLE
TINY (4MM) WATER HOSE
USES
HATCHING TANK : Hatching tank is a medium box constructed with plank ,and it is being covered with tarpaulin and it also has where by eggs of fish being fertilize with the sperm of the male fish are laid inside the hatching tank , before they will become fry fish. And the fry fish live inside the hatching tank for some days before we now transfer it into the nursery pond.
PHMETER :PH meter is used to check the the PHlevel of water in the hatching tank so as to know whether particular water is suitable for the fish.
RECIRCULATORY MACHINE :It is used to recircle the flow of water into the hatching tank and also the flowing out of water.
AERATOR: Aerator is an electric instrument used to provide dissolve oxygen to the fry fish being kept in the hatching tank .It also contain some stone(which is being mark with different holes) and a tiny pipe which is very long in such away that the tiny pipe reach the hatching tank(where is been used) and it is now connected to tube of the stonebefore it is now connected to the aerator.
INVERTER :Inverter is an electric machine that used as an electric generator and also rechargeable which is used incase there is power failure it has powerful voltages in such away that it circulate the whole hatchery in case there is power failure.
FORMALIN: Formalin is used to prevent disease from entering into the fish hatchery whereby it is put inside the foot bath mixed with water whenever one is going in or out of the hatcheryone has to deep his or her leg inside the foot bath before going.
LAY NET :Lay net is an instrument made up of an aluminum material with mesh size net of 0.5mm(mosquito net)it is design in such a way that the lay net will be able to be inside the hatching tank. The eggs of the fish being fertilize with milt of the male fish are laid on the lay net.
SHARP KNIFE :Sharp knife is used to kill the fish
HANDKERCHIEF OR HAND TOWEL :It is used to cover the face of the female fish when injecting with needle and syringe and also to hold the fish both male and female fish .
TISSUE (TOILET) ROLL : Tissue roll is used to clean the small plastic that contain the eggs of the fish that are stripped and also the milt sac of the mature male fish are also wrap with it before it is used.
NEEDLE & SYRINGE (5ML) :It is used to inject the gravid female fish
CUTTER SCISSORS :It is used to dissect the fish
SMALL MORTAL &PESTLE :It is used to grind the pituitary gland that will be use to inject the female gravid fish.
TABLE SALT :It is used to prepare saline water where by mixing the salt (little quantity) with water
WEIGNING SCALE: Weighing scale is used to weigh the size the of the mature male fish and the gravid female fish
WATER: Water is the most essential in equipment hatching room,whereby we use water all through before breeding processes can be completed. SMALL PLASTIC BUCKET:Small plastic bucket is used to collect the stripped eggs from the female fish.
COUNTING TABLE:Counting table is a confinement place where the female fish is place when injecting.
TINY (4MM) WATER HOSE :Tiny(4mm) water hose is a small pipe that carries water in and out of the hatching tank at 1litre per minute. 2.8 pond Department :Pond department are divided into two ,we have the earthern pond and the concrete pond . Eartern pond are the pond been constructed with the method of excavating the land with technics and it is a place where fish are been reared from fry stage to fingerlings or juvenile stage and also from fingerlings or juvenile stage to table size fish , eartern pond has natural food be it the phytoplankton food and the zooplankton food. fish reared in eartern pond has much development than the concrete pond, each pond is monitored by each worker ,that is worker working in the eartern tank cannot work in the concrete tank. Concrete tank department is a place whereby ponds are being constructed with concrete cement which serve as a place where fish are being reared from fry stage to fingerlings or juvenile size and from fingerlings or juvenile to table size fish though the fish been reared in the concrete pond has less development than the one in the earthernpond ,because of lack of natural food that is not present but it is also use for keeping of the fish for minimum days before selling out to the customer.

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 ACTIVITIES DURING SIWES ( WORK EXPERIENCE ) * REMOVING OF THE PITUITORY GLAND * FISH BREEDING * FISH PROCESSING * FEEDING THE FISH * FISH MOKING
3.1 REMOVING OF THE PITUITORY GLAND
Pituitary gland is the gland extracted from either male or female fish and It is used in induced reproduction of African catfish (Clariasgariepinus).in order for the pituitary extracted to be effective, donor fish should be sexually mature whether male or female. Also, the extraction of pituitary gland is preferred to be close to or within the spawning season.
METHOD: A sexually mature female fish was put on flat surface or table, since the pituitary gland is present in the head of the fish,the head of the fish is cutoff. The gills, the brain and the heart is removed from the head of the fish.The pituitary gland is situated on the ventral side of the brain below the hypothalamus, which is connected to the pituitary gland by a funnel –like structure. The pituitary gland is usually embedded in fatty tissue. When the brain is taken out of the skull, the pituitary gland remains under the skull of the fish. Thereforewe have to look for a strong sharp knife to remove the top part of the skull, whereby we cut the top part of the skull at four side, so that the pituitary gland will be easily accessible.after these we will now see a whitish gland which has a round shape at the center after the top part of the skull has been removed,we will now use toothpick to remove the pituitary gland,after these we will now keep the pituitary gland inside the methylated, spirit assuming we did not want to use it instantly.
MATERIAL: Sharp knife, mature male, table salt ,pituitary gland, handkerchief or hand towel, tissue paper, needle and syringe, cutter scissor, small mortal & pestle, small plastic plate and water. Equipment needed for fish breeding. * Brood stocks * Spawning tanks. * Spawning nets. * Water of good quality and quantity. * Water quality test kit. * Syringe and needle. * Inducing hormone. Procedures in Fish Breeding include; (1) Preparation of hatchery tank: The tank must be well disinfected with formalin and salt to kill the bacteria in the pond. The spawning nets and other spawning equipment must be also disinfected with hot water and salt to also kill the bacteria on them. After the disinfection, the water quality parameters must be checked. After then, the spawning net will be spread on the surface of the water. (2) Selection of matured brood stocks
-matured male: The genital will be long and red.
-gravid female: The abdomen will be swollen and filled with egg. (3) Weighing of female: This is done in order to know the quantity of hormone to be injected on the female fish to release eggs. Preparing of hormone: Types of hormones: (4) -Natural hormone: they are hormone that is derived naturally from fish. 2.5ml/kg fish
- Synthetic hormone: they are artificial hormone, example, over prim; it is measured by 0.5ml/kg fish. (5) Injection of female: The female can be injected in the morning and stripped in the evening. Or it can also be injected late in the night and stripped early in the morning. The readiness of fish after stripping sometimes depends on temperature. That is the higher the temperature the faster the readiness of fish. (6) How to inject: Fish is injected laterally and intramuscularly at angle 45 degrees. (7) Removal of the male milt: The male fish will be killed before the milt can be removed. (8) Stripping of female fish: This is done by at least two people, where the belly will be carefully pressed for the eggs to come out. (9) Fertilization: This involves spreading of milt on the egg, and shake thoroughly. (10) Spreading of fertilized eggs: eggs must be spread on the spawning net to aid good hatching.
(11)Latency period: This is the time taken for the eggs to hatch.
(12) Removal of spawning net: These is the removal of net and wash instantly
In conclusion, we pass in water into the incubator tank with a tiny hose at rate of 1litre (1L) per minute and also adjust the water outlet to exit water the same rate. The water inlet should be placed opposite the outlet pipe. This process of water inlet and outlet should continue throughout the incubation period. And also the hatching tank must be design with tarpaulin or water proof. after these
3.3 FISH FEEDING FEEDING: This is the process of giving feed to fish.
IMPORTANCE OF FEEDING (1) It makes fish grow faster. (2) It ensures good fish health. (3) It reveals genetic potential of fish. (4) It increases fish fecundity and hatchability. (5) Nitrogen and phosphorus released from feed increases the growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton in water.
FORMS OF FEED (A) Natural Feed: They are the types of feed that is derived naturally from water e.g. daphnia, life artemia. (B) Artificial Feed: This compounded feeds with all adequate nutrients required for fish growth.
TYPES OF FISH FEED (1) Floating or imported feed: egcoppens, rannan feed etc. (2) Sinking or local pelletized feed: VARIOUS SIZES OF FISH FEED
Starters:Artemia, 0.2mm, 0.3-0.5mm, 0.5-0.8mm, 0.8-1.2mm, 1.5mm.
Growers: 2mm, 3mm, 4.5mm.
Finisher: 6mm, 8mm, 9mm.
FACTORS THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED BEFORE FEEDING FISH * Size * Temperature: the * Feed quality * Feeding pattern * Acceptability. * 3.4 fish processing
Fish processing refer to the processes with fish and fish product between the time the fish are caught or harvested ,and the time the final product is delivered to the customer.
Materials: knife,bowl,salt water.
Procedure:
1:harvesting of fish
2:conditioning the fish in water
3:killing of the fish
4:dissecting and removing the viscera organ which includenthe intestines and gills.
5:washing.
6:washing in brine water.
3.5 Fish smoking
Materials: smoking kiln
Procedure:
1:harvesting:this is done by going on water to perform fishing operation or harvesting cultured fish that is up to table size
2:cleaning:this is done incase the fish is contacted with dirt which if not wash away may inturn cause micro organism for the fish and will not make it good for palability.
3:stunning:it is done in many ways but the best way is to salt to deah. Because the fish will not have to struggle to death and because of shock.
4:degutting;this is done to remove the vescera organs like gill and intestine.
5:washing:this is done to remove slime on the body of the fish.
6:brining:this is the act of putting 5% of salt in to water so as to add little taste to the fish.
7:arrangement into d smoking kiln:this is done so as to make the smoking faster and healthier.
8:smoking this is the process in whicn thefish goes through for it not to get spoilt again.it is one for 72hrs.
9:cooling:cooling is done for 24hrs after smoking before packing…
3.6 FISH SORTING Sorting can be define as the process of arranging fish systematically in group, separate according to type, class, size e.t.c. or process of grouping of fish one after the other to classify them or make a selection. REASON FOR SORTING
1. For effective growth.
2. To stock a pond.
3. To prevent cannibalism. MATERIAL USED FOR SORTING
1. Sorting table
2. Basket/Sieve
3. Bowl/container
4. Hand net

CHAPTER 4 conclusion During the period of siwes I was able to apply my theoretical knowledge to the practical work been given to me. RECOMMENDATION I recommend that this siwes program should be done for by all higher institution students all over the country.