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Sample manuscript for Journal of Applied Physicsa)

A. Author,1,2,b) B. Author,2,c,d) and C. Author3,d)

1Department, University, City, Postal code, Country
2Corporation or Laboratory, Street address, Postal code, City, Country
33Department, University, City, State (spell out full name), Zip code, USA

This is an abstract. It gives the reader an overview of the manuscript. Abstracts are required for all manuscripts. The Abstract should be self-contained (contain no footnotes or citations to references). It should be adequate as an index (giving all subjects, major and minor, about which new information is given), and as a summary (giving the conclusions and all results of general interest in the article). It should be approximately 250 words. The abstract should be written as one paragraph and should not contain displayed mathematical equations or tabular material. In this sample article we provide instructions on how to prepare and submit your paper to Journal of Applied Physics, a journal published by AIP Publishing LLC. The AIP Publishing staff appreciates your effort to follow our style when preparing your manuscript.

I. INTRODUCTION: THE MANUSCRIPT Please use this “sample manuscript” as a guide for preparing your article. This will ensure that your submission will be in the required format for Peer Review. Please read all of the following manuscript preparation instructions carefully and in their entirety. The manuscript must be in good scientific American English; this is the author's responsibility. All files will be submitted through our online electronic submission system at http://jap.peerx-press.org. A. Manuscript preparation
Articles can be prepared as either a Microsoft Word .doc/.docx file or a REVTeX/LaTeX file. The entire manuscript, should be set up for 21.6 × 28 cm (8-1/2 × 11 in. or A4) pages with 2.54 cm (1 in.) margins all the way around. The font and the point size will be reset according to the journal’s specs, but authors most commonly use the Times Roman font and point size 12. The manuscript begins with a title, names of all authors and their affiliations, and an abstract, followed by the body of the paper, tables and figures, if any, included, and the reference section. Consecutively number all tables (I, II, III, etc.) and figures (1, 2, 3, etc.), including those in an Appendix. Figures, with figure captions, may be embedded within the manuscript to assist the reviewers. Number all pages consecutively, beginning with 1.
_____________________________
a) This is an example of a footnote to the title if the paper was part of a conference: Contributed paper, published as part of the Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Physics, Anytown, State, May 2010. b) This is an example of a footnote to an author’s name: Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: author@somewhere.org.
c) This research was performed while B. Author was at Anywhere National Laboratory, City, State, Postal code, Country.
d) B. Author and C. Author contributed equally to this work.
B. Manuscript submission
All files will be submitted through the online system: http://jap.peerx-press.org/. Each version of the manuscript (the original and subsequent revisions) should be submitted with its own complete set of files: a cover letter (indicating the title, authors, and contact information), a complete article file, and separate figure files (see Sec. IX―FIGURES). When uploading a revised manuscript, also include a response/rebuttal letter (indicating the changes made to address the Editor’s and Reviewers’ comments).
II. MANUSCRIPT LENGTH
There are no length restrictions on Regular Articles. However, communications have a 3 page limit.
III. TITLE
The title of a paper should be as concise as possible but informative enough to facilitate information retrieval. Acronyms are not allowed in the title; they must be spelled out (exception to this rule is DNA). Chemical compounds are allowed in the title.
IV. AUTHORS’ NAMES AND ADDRESSES Authors’ names should preferably be written in a standard form for all publications to facilitate indexing and to avoid ambiguities. Include the names and postal addresses of all institutions, followed by city, state, zip code, and USA if in the United States or by postal code, city, and country if not in the U.S. Please provide the complete address for each author. See the byline of this sample article for examples.
Authors with Chinese, Japanese, or Korean names may choose to have their names published in their own language alongside the English versions of their names in the author list of their publications. For Chinese, authors may use either Simplified or Traditional characters. Chinese, Japanese, or Korean characters must be included within the author list of the manuscript when submitting or resubmitting. The manuscript must be prepared using Microsoft Word or using the CJK LaTeX package. Specific guidelines are given here.
V. FOOTNOTES
For footnotes to the title or authors, use a), b), c), etc..., as the respective indicators. The following list shows some examples:
a) Contributed paper, published as part of the Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Physics, Anytown, State, May, 2010. (This is a footnote to the title).
b) Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: author@somewhere.org.
c) This research was performed while C. Author was at Anywhere National Laboratory, City, State, Postal code, Country.
d) A. Author and C. Author contributed equally to this work.

As footnotes to the text at the bottom of the page are not permitted, they may be incorporated into the body of the paper or included in the either a numerical reference section or bibliographic numerical reference section.
VI. HEADINGS
Headings are not mandatory in regular articles but are preferred. Communication papers should not have headings. It is best to maintain a consistent heading style within the article. Numbered section headings are preferred in Journal of Applied Physics. Following is a list that shows the four different levels and style for each heading:
I. PRINCIPAL HEADING
A. First subheading 1. Second subheading a. Third subheading
VII. EQUATIONS
Equations should be punctuated and aligned to bring out their structure and should be numbered on the right. Mathematical operation signs indicating continuity of the expression should be placed at the left of the second and succeeding lines. Use (×) rather than a centered dot, except for scalar products of vectors. A solidus (/) instead of built-up fractions is preferred in running text and in display wherever clarity would not be jeopardized. Use “exp” for complicated exponents. Some examples follow: , (1)

(2)
, (3) . (4)
If use of Word 2007 is unavoidable, back-save from the “.docx” to the “.doc” format. However, please note that you must use MathType or the Microsoft® Equation Editor 3.0. Use of Microsoft® Math Editor is not recommended.
Equation numbering Equations are numbered consecutively through the entire paper as simply (1), (2), (3).... In appendixes, the numbering starts over as (A1), (A2), (A3). If there is more than one appendix, use (A1), (A2), etc. for equations in Appendix A; (B1), (B2), etc., for equations in Appendix B. When a numbered equation has more than one part and that (those) part(s) consecutively follow, then they are indicated as follows: (21) (22a) (22b) (22c)

If, however, they do not follow consecutively, primes are used:

(21) (22a) (22b) (21') (21'')

VIII. ACRONYMS AND NOTATION
Acronyms, except for the most common (such as 2D, rms, or ac) must be spelled out when they first appear both in the abstract and again in the text. Spell out machine names, except for those not considered acronyms (such as ITER or DIII-D). Try to avoid the excessive use of acronyms or specialized jargon.
Notation must be legible, clear, compact, and consistent with standard usage. Choose commonly used symbols from your discipline. All unusual symbols whose identity may not be obvious must be identified the first time they appear, and at all subsequent times when confusion might arise. Superscripts are normally set directly over subscripts; authors should note where readability or the meaning requires a special order.
IX. FIGURES Cite figures in text in numerical order of publication-ready illustrations. It is vital that you prepare your illustrations so that they are legible when reduced. Figures 1–6 show examples of various types of production-ready illustrations: color, line art, halftone, and combination (line art and halftone). Table I gives (a) general guidelines for preparing your illustrations and (b) guidelines for the preparation of electronic files.

FIG. 1. This figure will appear in color in print and online. Figures should be created at 300 dpi and submitted at 300 dpi for the best presentation. Choose CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) for any figure that will appear in color in the print version.

FIG. 2. This figure will appear in color only in the online version only, not in the printed version. Figures should be created at 300 dpi and submitted at 300 dpi for the best presentation. Choose RGB (red, green, blue) for any figure that will appear in color only online.

FIG. 3. This is a good example of information that was presented clearly. When this figure appeared in the printed journal it was in black and white print, but the reader was able to discern the “red” triangles, the closed “green” circles, and the open “black” circles. A description as well as the color is needed. If the caption had simply discussed “the red and green symbols,” the reader of the print version would not understand because he/she would be seeing the figure without the color.

FIG. 4. This is an example of line art. Figures should be created at 600 dpi and submitted at 600 dpi for the best presentation. Save line art as black/white bitmap, not grayscale.

.

FIG. 5. This is an example of a halftone. Figures should be created at 265 dpi and submitted at 265 dpi for the best presentation.

FIG. 6. This is an example of a combination figure (line art and halftone). Figures should be created at 600 dpi and submitted at 600 dpi for the best presentation.

TABLE I. This table provides instructions on how to prepare figures. (a) General guidelines for preparing illustrations | |  Number figures in the order in which they appear in the text. |  Label all figure parts with (a), (b), etc. Each figure file should contain all parts of the figure. For example, if Fig.1 contains three parts [(a), (b), and (c)], then all parts should be combined in a single file for Fig. 1. |  Avoid any large disparity in size of lettering and labels used within one illustration. |  Prepare illustrations in the final published size, not oversized. The maximum published width for a one-column illustration is 8.5 cm (3-3/8 in.). The maximum width for a two-column figure is 17 cm (7.0 in.). |  In cases where reduction is required, avoid small open symbols that tend to fill in and avoid small lettering; ensure that, in the final published illustration, there is a minimum of 8-point type size (2.8 mm high; 1/8 in. high) for lettering and 0.5-point width for lines. |  Ensure that lettering and lines are dark enough, and thick enough, to reproduce clearly. Remember that fine lines tend to disappear upon reduction. |  It is preferred that authors embed figures and captions in the manuscript file. Embed the figures in the approximate position and size you think is appropriate. In addition, separate figure files must be provided (see below for accepted file formats) along with the manuscript. | | (b) Guidelines for preparation of electronic graphics files | |  Acceptable formats for figures: Portable Document Files (PDF), Encapsulated PostScript Files (EPS), PostScript, or Tagged Image File (TIF), and JPEG (.jpg) Microsoft Word files are not acceptable. |  More detailed information is given about figure preparation on the website in the Preparing Graphics instructions. |  Settings: Set the graphic for 600 dpi resolution for line art, 265 dpi for halftones, and 600 dpi for combinations (line art + halftone). |  Save line art as black/white bitmap, not grayscale. |  Save halftones and combinations as grayscale, not black/white bitmap. |  Click the link to “Publication Charges & Open Access Fees” on the About tab for publication charge information. |  Submit color files at 300 dpi in one of the accepted file formats: PDF, EPS, PS, or TIF. No other type of color illustration is acceptable. When selecting a file mode, for print choose CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) and for color online choose RGB (red, green, blue). |  PDF files should be vector files. |  In the PDF illustration, resolution of any shaded or photographic images must be 600 pixels per inch (PPI). |  Within the PDF illustration, resolution of line art with no shading should be 1200 pixels per inch (PPI). |  All fonts must be embedded in the PDF. |  Select "High Quality Print" when creating a PDF through the application’s print command. |  If usable color graphics files are received in time for the production process, authors will see color versions of those illustrations when viewing their author proofs. (The Corresponding Author will receive e-mail notification from AIP Publishing when the proof, as a PDF file, is available for downloading.) |  The author is responsible for obtaining permissions to reuse previously published material. Full credit lines are needed for figures that are used with permission. An example of the recommended format for crediting material from a journal article is: “Reprinted with permission from [FULL CITATION]. Copyright [PUBLICATION YEAR], AIP Publishing.” Full citation format is as follows: Author names, journal title, Vol. #, Issue #, Page # (or CID#), Year of publication. For example, the credit line would appear as: “Reprinted with permission from J. Chem. Phys. 128, 024365 (2012). Copyright 2012 AIP Publishing. |

X. TABLES
Separate tables (numbered with Roman numerals in the order of their appearance in the text) should be used for all tabular material. Tables must be embedded in the article file, not uploaded like figure files. The structure should be clear. Use simple column headings and include units of measure. Table captions are positioned above the table and should be styled as “TABLE I. This is a table caption.” A caption should make its table intelligible without reference to the text. Capitalize the first word in the table headings and subheadings. References within tables are designated by lowercase Roman letter superscripts and given at the end of the table. Unaltered computer output and notation should be uploaded as supplemental files. See Table II for an example of correct table styling.

TABLE II. Bond distances for alkene molecules (atomic units). No. Ca | RI,I+1b | SRI,I+1c | RI−1,I+RI,I+1 | SRI−1,I+RI,I+1 | 2 | 2.5255 | … | … | … | 4 | 2.6175 | 0.123 | 5.306 | … | 6 | 2.6314 | 0.0999 | 5.3025 | 0.0112 | 8 | 2.6368 | 0.0876 | 5.3009 | 0.0111 | 10 | 2.6396 | 0.0795 | 5.2999 | 0.0106 | 14 | 2.6424 | 0.0689 | 5.2989 | 0.0096 | 18 | 2.6437 | 0.0623 | 5.2982 | 0.0088 | 22 | 2.6443 | 0.0573 | 5.2973 | 0.008 | 26 | 2.6448 | 0.0536 | 5.2968 | 0.0074 | aC is the number of carbon atoms. bRI,I+1 is the distance between two neighboring carbon atoms, while ‹RI,I+1› is the average of RI,I+1 for a given molecule. cSRI,I+1 is the standard deviation of RI,I+1 within the given molecule.

XI. MULTIMEDIA SUBMISSIONS Multimedia files can be included in the online version of published papers. All such files are peer reviewed. When published, these files can be viewed by clicking on a link from the figure caption, provided that the reader has a video player installed, such as Windows Media PlayerTM, Quick Time PlayerTM, or RealOne PlayerTM. Please click on Supporting Data in our Author Resource Center for specific submission requirements. Please note the following important information when preparing your manuscript: * When incorporating multimedia, note that the paper should be written so that the printed version can be understood on its own. * Submit all multimedia files initially with the manuscript. * Treat all multimedia files as figures, numbered in sequence as they are referred to in text. * For each multimedia file, provide a figure, which is a static representation of the multimedia file. Also provide an accompanying caption. At the end of the caption, include the phrase, "(multimedia view)."
Video and other enhanced files should be in a format that the majority of readers can view without too much difficulty. Please click on Supporting Data in our Author Resource Center for specific submission requirements.
XII. CONCLUSION: SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
Text material that may not be of interest to all readers, long data tables, multimedia, and computer programs may be deposited as supplementary materials. An article can have only one reference citing the supplemental material within the article. All citations of the supplemental material in the text must link to that reference. Information about depositing supplemental material may be found in Supporting Data in our Author Resource Center.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Typically, standard acknowledgments include financial support and technical assistance, and may include dedications, memorials, and awards. Check with the Editorial Office for suitability of an acknowledgment if there is any question. To indicate the author, use initials. For example, “B.A. wishes to thank A. Loudon for technical assistance. C.A. wishes to thank Anytown University for use of their equipment.”
Note: the Acknowledgment section is not a numbered section.
APPENDIX
Appendixes are placed after the acknowledgments section and before the listing of references. Appendixes must have a Level One heading as illustrated below and must include a descriptive title to follow the appendix heading. They do not follow the sequential heading numbering given in the rest of the paper. If there is only one appendix, then the heading is set as follows:
APPENDIX: DESCRIPTION
If there is more than one appendix, the headings are set as:

APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION
APPENDIX B: DESCRIPTION

Subheadings in an Appendix are labeled 1, 2, etc. Remember that equations in appendices are numbered differently than those in the body of the text (see Sec. VIII).

REFERENCES
References may be styled as numerical, bibliographic, or numerical bibliographic. Duplicate references are not permitted.
Note that numerical references should be numbered consecutively in order of first appearance in the text and should be given in a separate double-spaced list at the end of the text material. A numerical reference may be cited within other references; however, it must also be cited at least once in the main body of the paper.
See Table III for acceptable reference formats.

TABLE III. This table provides instructions on how to prepare references. The author’s use of a reference style should be consistent throughout the paper. References to books and journal articles, listed at the end of the paper, should appear in one of these formats:(1) Numerical: By number, in the order of first appearance, giving the names of the authors, the journal name, volume, year, and first page number only, as in:53V. Bargmann, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 38, 961 (1952).This paper will be listed as the 53rd in the list of references and cited as 53.(2) Bibliographic: In alphabetical order according to the first author's last name, giving, in addition to the name, volume, year, and first and last page, also the title of the paper cited, as in:Bargmann, V., "On the number of bound states in a central field of force,"' Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 38, 961–966 (1952).Within the body of the paper, this reference will be cited as "Bargmann (1952)." If there are several articles by the same author(s) and the same year, they should be distinguished by letters, as in (1952a).(3) Numerical Bibliographic: Alphabetically listed references (with full titles and page ranges) may be numbered according to their alphabetical order and cited by their number. | | | | | | | | | 1Berger, A., "Instabilities and waves on a columnar vortex in a strongly stratified and rotating fluid,"' Phys. Fluids 25, 961–966 (2013). * Articles “submitted to” or “accepted for publication” (but not yet published) in a journal must include article title: When possible, these references should be updated in the galley proof.Samples of Numerical References: | | | | | | | | | Books: List authors and editors. Must include publisher, city and year of publication, and the page numbers (unless the entire book is being cited). | | | | | | | | | 2R. J. Hunter, Zeta Potential in Colloid Science (Academic, New York, 1981) p.120. | | | | | | | | | AIAA Papers: AIAA Papers: The usual format is: {Author’s names}, {Paper Title}, AIAA Pap. {usual formats are 99-1111 or 2004-2222}, {year -- corresponds to numbers on left side of paper number}.. | | | | | | | | | 3M.S. Narayan and A. Banaszuk, “Experimental study of a novel active separation control approach,” AIAA Paper No. 2003-0060, 2003. | Conference proceedings: Include the list of authors, the title of the proceedings, the city and year of the conference, the name of the publisher (cannot be a laboratory or institution), city and year of publication (or the words “to be published”), and the page numbers. Include the full list of editors, if they are given. | | | | | | | | | 4R. K. Ahrenkiel, in Gallium Arsenide and Related Compounds 1993: Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Gallium Arsenide and Related Compounds, Freiburg, Germany, 29 August–2 September 1993, edited by H. S. Rupprecht and G. Weimann (Institute of Physics, London, 1994), pp. 685–690. | | | | | | | | | Government publications: Format as for a book citation. Each must include the author(s), title of the publication, name of the publisher, city and year of publication, and page numbers (unless the entire publication is being cited). | | | | | | | | | 5D. Nunes, The Brillouin Effect (U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 1992). | | | | | | | | | Journal citations: Include authors (see author rule above), volume number, beginning page number, and publication year: | | | | | | | | | 6J. D. Kiely and J. E. Houston, Phys. Rev. B 57, 12588 (1998). | | | | | | | | | Laboratory report: May only be used if first deposited with a national depository such as the National Technical Information Service. (Check with the NTIS librarian at 703-605-6000.) Materials or reports in electronic form—codes, data tables,etc.—may be uploaded as supplemental material files (see Sec. XIII). If the paper is on deposit with NTIS, use the following format: | | | | | | | | | 7See National Technical Information Service Document No. DE132450 L. (R. Newchuck, SESAME Tables, LANL Rep. 23453, 1983). Copies may be ordered from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161. MOLPRO: 8H.-J. Werner, P. J. Knowles, R. Lindh, F. R. Manby, M. Schütz, et al., Molpro, version 2006.1, a package of ab initio programs, 2006, see http://www.molpro.net | | | | | | | | | Multiple citations are acceptable: | | | | | | | | | 8D.-Y. Choi, S. Madden, A. Rode, R. Wang, and B. Luther-Davies, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 354, 3179 (2008); J. Appl. Phys. 104, 113305 (2008). | (same authors, different journals) | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 9J.Scaroni and T. Mckee, Solid State Technol. 40, 245 (1997); M. G. Lawrence, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 86, 225 (2005). | (two completely different references) | | | | | | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 10Y. de Carlan, A. Alamo, M. H. Mathon, G. Geoffroy, and A. Castaing, J. Nucl. Mater. 283–287, 762 (2000); M. H. Mathon, Y. de Carlan, G. Geoffroy, X. Averty, A. Alamo, and C. H. de Novion, ibid. 312, 236 (2003). | (different authors, same journal) | | | | | | | | | | | Patents: Titles are allowed.47K. Inoue, U.S. patent 3,508,029 (22 March 1970).48 W. L. Tolin and A. M. Laud, U.S. patent pending (5 October 1996).49 J. R. Smith, U.S. patent application 037/123,456 (18 May 2010).Preprints and electronic postings: Preprints or eprints that have not been submitted to a journal for publication (i.e., are only posted on a preprint server) cannot be used as references. | | | | | | | | | Private communication: May not be one of the authors of the article. Must include the year in which the communication took place. | | | | | | | | | 11A. Einstein (private communication, 1954). | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Software manuals: If published, use the book format; if not published, give the entire address for the software maker. | | | | | | | | | Thesis/dissertation: Include the author, school, and year, but not the title. | | | | | | | | | 12S. L. Goldschmidt, Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 1985. | | | | | | | | | Web sites: Due to their perishable nature, web sites are not generally acceptable as references unless the site is maintained as an archival site. It is permissible to include web sites as adjuncts to acceptable references. |

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...Abstract Humanity and the study of Humanity gets its basis and theories from the bible and science, In Buddhism they believe we are victims of our own devices, that we worshiped and were slaves to Satan. Thus giving us the Christian View vs. the Buddhism View, the branch of theology devoted to the study of the human race is labeled "anthropology", though it has little, if anything to do with the scientific study of humanity which goes by the same term. One definition of this theological topic is, "the examination of the origin, nature, and destiny of the human race from the perspective of its relationship to God." Perhaps a better way of looking at it is to say that anthropology is the study of the eternal questions of life: "Who am I?", "Why am I here?", and "Where am I going?" These three questions will form us a basic outline of our views on Humanity by viewpoints given of views by Christians and Buddhist. Christian Worldview of Humanity VS. Buddhism Worldview of Humanity The “Christian View” according to Bishop Ussher and Genesis 1:31 records that people were created on "the sixth day" of creation. Beyond that, we can't be certain. Bishop Ussher, basing his reckoning on the genealogies of Genesis, postulated that the world began in 4004 BC - in October, to be precise. If there are no gaps in the genealogical record of Genesis, then Ussher's date is appropriate. But a gapless genealogy is highly unlikely. What was the purpose of these genealogies...

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Book of Special Significance

...Essay – A book of special significance The book that has a special significance to me is “XML Bible” 2nd Edition by Elliotte Rusty Harold Deciding on the right book to study is mostly a matter of choice. Mili writes, It is always necessary to decide what books one should read. For selecting the best books we generally consult our teachers, librarians and our well read friends...We should read only the books that enlighten our mind and suggest accurate and authentic knowledge to the readers...(Book). I read the above book when I was in two minds whether to take classroom training in XML. I am glad now that I decided to study this book fully before anything else. The XML Bible is concise yet complete, elaborate yet accurate. It is multi-functional and works as a guide, tutorial, manual and reference book. The book is significant because it is both an invaluable resource and provides the much needed direction which is very much essential while trying to understand technology. I studied this book with the task of assimilating and applying the new documentation standard – XML. The book is credit- worthy because it explains XML and its applications authentically as well as informally steering the reader towards seeing XML everywhere in the digital world. “XML stands for Extensible Markup Language...XML is a meta-markup language” (Harold 3). “XML describes structure and semantics, not formatting” (Harold 5). Further, the author states that it is easy to...

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Books vs Internet

...is type in your question and click SEARCH. It can give an answer to almost every question type in, and it is usually very quick, speedy and fast. Alternatively, the internet can sometimes provide us with unreliable information. It is like a blank page in which people are allowed to post whatever they want, and sometimes even the wrong information. The internet can be a source of unreliable and inaccurate information as it contains the judgment of different individuals and not the actual facts.  On the other hand, according to the OSA Webster Nine – “Using books or other printed texts can waste time, as you need to find the appropriate book and then search for the information you need from it. On the contrary, printed texts can be a great source of reliable information. Books are written by experienced authors who have researched well about the topic themselves before publishing it. A library can assure you that the book in your hand is dependable and...

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E-Books vs. Print Books

...Summary Books are useful. When being read, it provides information that brings learning to people which results to an increase of their knowledge level. Any kinds of book have the same purpose; however there is a conflict between which is more effective to use now that e-books have been invented. As many educational institutions started deviating from using traditional books, it is significant to evaluate the factors affecting the students’ preference for a book before requiring it. This study systematically reviews the data for printed and electronic books, aiming to investigate on the different factors that result the students to prefer such book format in order for them to attain knowledge in an easier and a more convenient way. The researcher used a descriptive quantitative research approach with the use of online survey to come up with the results. It is the best way to gather reason why they prefer such a format. It was concluded that e-books has much ability than the other format. However, the findings showed that traditional book is more preferred than electronic books due to its design which readers admire a lot. It was also discovered that lessons in print books are comprehensive to read which conveys learning is fast in this format. One problem in print book was its weight. One of many respondents’ reason for not choosing e-book is, it causes eye strain and headaches which lead to problems regarding of the readers’ health. Now that we had determined print books are more...

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Book and Movie

...Example 1: subject by subject Books vs Movies (capitalize both words) There are different ways to get a story from different sources in modern times. Books have been good sources for stories, but movies are getting more popular and have the same story with wrong word the books. Why auxiliary verb needed people still reading books, and others are prefer watching should be an infinitive not a gerund the movies? Reading books and watching movies have a lot in common but there are some differences that makes the readers remain faithful to reading books. First, books keep a person’s mind going. A mind is filled with questionspunctuation and as the wheels in your head are turning, your brain is being put to more use rather than if you let it go numb during a movie. It is basically the same as watching television versus going outside and playing for a couple of hours. Movies are like a version of a television show, wrong punctuationthey are just longer. Everyone has heard that if you watch TV for too long it is not good for you, that you should pick up a good book instead.comma splice Should not the same rule apply when it comes to watching a movie?  You are contrasting movies and books but you go off on another idea of television. Keep on topic and show how books contrast to movies. In this paragraph you are trying to show how the brain reacts differently to movies and books. (Give more examples of that.) Films can do a lot of different things. They can bring whole worlds...

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Books in Digital Error

...of Printed Books in the Digital Age Name Institution Date of submission Once upon a time printed books were the undisputed medium of expressing literary culture, as well as source of information and knowledge. Books were a central part of the society acting as a vehicle for carrying and disseminating histories, ideas, stories, and pictures. However, over the centuries, the literary culture of reading and relying on printed books as the primary source of information has gradually changed. The digital age is populated with technology, which has revolutionized all aspects of lifestyle. Thompson (2005) notes that one of these aspects is the culture of reading printed material from books and other sources. In this digital age, information is readily available on the internet merely by a click of a button. This is not only convenient, but also consume less time as opposed to the earlier eras where one would take time and go to the library, search for a book, and finally read to get the required information. As a result, books are becoming less and less desirable as their future is overtaken by the digital sources of information. Today, e-books have replaced the printed version of books particularly with the invention and popularity of tablets and iPads that are perfect carriers of e-books. E-books are on the rise as the sales of printed books decrease, and soon they will completely replace the printed versions. For instance, in 2003, the sales of printed books decreased by...

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Banning Books In Schools

...eight year old son come back from school with the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he had been waiting for it for a week, until somebody finally returned it from the library. So you start reading it with him, you think that the book is fine, until your start seeing racist words, why does your eight year old child have this book in his hands, why is it within his reach? Book banning in schools has recently became a hot topic, some people think that some books should be censored or removed from schools. We do not want children reading books that have violence and swearing in them. Some books have violence and inappropriate content in them, others contain profanity and racism, a child's impressionable mind should not be exposed to stuff like that. Book banning should be allowed in schools to protect children from inappropriate content. Children's minds can be effected very easily, so why can they read books...

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My First Book

...Bibliophobe to Bibliophile. I hate books. Up until three years ago, that was something I would say on a daily basis. I despised books. The sight of thick hardbound books to an extent scared me. Whenever I saw anyone I knew picking out one of those thick books which wasn't a comic, all I did was ask them how they could go through reading the entire book without completely losing interest and getting 'bored'. While most people in around me read and discussed fantasy books such as 'Harry Potter', 'Artemis Fowl', 'Percy Jackson' etc. with such enthusiasm and zeal, all I could do was wonder how they could read hundreds of pages of printed text in tiny fonts without getting frustrated. I could not comprehend how reading hundreds of pages could in any way be more fascinating than watching a movie adaptation of the same content which saves hours of time and also allows you to live through the entire experience in a fast-paced well directed and acted version of it. It all changed completely three years ago. I have had a certain obsession to taking up as many challenges as I could possibly have from any and every person I have known. If anyone ever dared me to do an attainable task, I could never turn them down. One such challenge I received was to read an entire fiction book series of at least 6 books. After a period of discussion it was finally decided that it should be a classic series for my first and it ended up being Harry Potter on popular demand. This challenge eventually ended...

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Walker Books

...According to our group’s analysis, it is determined to drop Western segment from production lines for a couple of reasons. Firstly, the external factor to drop Western segment is that Walker Books needs to prepare funds to invest on E-book production development since digital revenues are replacing tradition book revenues and Walker Books needs to start E-book business to prevent losing revenue from lack of online sales.(Appendix 5) Thus, after dropping Western segment, Walker Books will be able to spend variable costs associated with Western segment on developing E-book production. Second, the internal main factor for dropping Western Segment from production line is because dropping Western Segment has the least opportunity cost to drop in order to prepare funds for investing on E-book development based on our assumptions and analysis. Our group members concluded that Western segment has the least possibility to improve its net profit in comparison with other segments in the future. In spite of the fact Children’s Books and Mystery segments make more losses than Western segment does, we determined that Western segment will not generate much profit in the future with expense management in the future due to the small amount of gross regular sales while we inferred that net profits of Children’s Book segment and Mystery segment can greatly improve if they undergo expense management in the future thanks to their a lot of gross regular sales. b) According to Ramsay’s recognition...

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Concord Book Shop

...Concord Bookshop Paper Shobin Kovoor HCS/587 February 27, 2012 Laura Hurst Concord Bookshop Paper Change is a natural and necessary process in an organization. Continual and managing change has become one of the greatest challenges in today’s successful organization. Implementing successful organizational change is a key challenge to many businesses. This paper provides a description about phases in organizational change process and what lead to the failure of Concord bookshop to survive change. An organizational change means introducing a new enterprise resource planning system to co-ordinate and standardize internal process (Spector, 2010). According to Kurt Lewin, there are three phases of organizational change. First one is unfreezing. In this phase, the organization needs to identify the need of change and find solutions. A strategic renewal is needed. Organization must make the people visualize the need for change. Next phase is change. This phase is aimed on individual behavior. People try to do things in a better way. This process takes long time. Next phase is refreezing. In this phase changes are implemented and evaluated. The organization needs new goals and good leadership. Concord bookshop is an old store, that is running for 64 years in New England. This store was famous in the small community and they had support from the people. The management knew the need for change. There was financial crisis in the store. The owners failed to communicate the vision...

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