...United States today will develop breast cancer at some time during their lives” (NIH,2012). Early detection and treatment of breast cancer is possible with the use of digital imaging through a mammogram and a clinical breast exam. The Center for Disease Control reported, “ In 2010, an estimated 75.4% women aged ≥40 years and 79.7% of women aged 50–74 years reported having a mammogram within the past 2 years” (Miller, 2012). My intent in writing this report is for our organization to capture this very crucial part of the market. My goal is to explain to you how our facility could benefit from the acquisition of a GE SenoClaire 3D Tomosynthesis system. Our facility like others in Arizona are working towards decreasing rising healthcare costs through the promotion of preventative health care and early interventions for high risk populations. I feel like our health care network could be a leader in breast health and breast cancer awareness with the right tools. Currently, “ The cost of screening mammograms is covered without copayments or deductibles. Medicare pays for annual screening mammograms for all female Medicare beneficiaries who are age 40 or older. Medicare will also pay for one baseline mammogram for female beneficiaries between the ages of 35 and 39. There is no deductible requirement for this benefit” (NIH, 2012). Secondary to insurance reimbursement; the the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program and Center for Disease Control have partnered up together...
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...is a legal protection of a patient's authorization or agreement to undergo a specific medical intervention. It is the responsibility of the attending licensed healthcare professionals- physicians and nurses- to obtain and witness the patient’s signature. The informed consent includes: • The patient’s diagnosis • The patient’s prognosis • The proposed treatment • The risks and benefits associated with the proposed treatment • Any alternative treatments • The risks and benefits of the alternatives • The risks of forgoing treatment, should the patient refuse 2. Describe and define what occurs in each of the following sections of the radiology department. a) Mammography A mammogram is a low-dose x-ray exam of the breasts to look for changes that are not normal, it is used to detect benign and malignant...
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...Breast Cancer COM/172 September 3, 2013 Frank Nainoa, MA/Communications Breast Cancer Breast Cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers in women. According to “American Cancer Society” (2013) “one out of eight women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime. For 2013, it is estimated about 232,340 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed and 39,620 women will die from this cancer” (2013). In this paper I plan to explain how early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are a prominent key to a woman’s survival. Early detection has proven helpful to many women in the fight against breast cancer. An important element in aiding women in finding abnormalities is self breast examinations. A self breast examination is an examination a woman conducts on herself by looking and examining her breast. Women should be aware of any change in size or shape, dimpling, or indentation in the breast. Any inversion of the nipple or discharge should be evaluated by a physician. Women typically start doing self breast examinations in their early twenties. Examinations are generally conducted once a month after a women’s menstrual cycle. Most women do these examinations in the shower or while getting dressed. Knowing what is normal is the first defense in finding abnormalities. The next helpful examination in early detection is a clinical breast examination. A clinical breast examination is much like a self breast examination a woman would do at home, the difference is the...
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...acceptable therapeutic and diagnostic modality in the neurosurgical treatment of patients suffering from chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease, seizure, and other medical conditions. Among brain surgeries, brain biopsy is a common diagnostic surgery. Brain biopsy, generally, isbiopsy is the removal of a small piece of a brain tissue for the diagnosis of abnormalities of the brain. Brain biopsy It is used to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease, tumors, infections, inflammations, and other brain disorders. By examining the tissue sample under a microscope, the biopsy sample provides doctors with the information necessary to guidefor diagnosis and treatment. Biopsy surgeries are categorized based on the technique and the...
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...There is increasing pressure on health care resources that is driving more explicit and public decisions regarding the best use of these resources. The complexity of modern technology and its high marginal cost suggest to us that testimonial reviews of new technologies are no longer sufficient.1 Current trends in health care decision making favour a transition from a rationale based primarily on resources and opinion to a rationale derived from research. In developing a new health care technology it is important to recognize its potential impact. The important question would be whether the new technology provides information that was not previously available and the new information may result in the cure of a common and otherwise fatal disease....
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...Radioactive elements are unstable and emit radiation in the form of alfa, beta and gamma rays. The radiations can be used in nuclear medicine imaging, treatment, drug testing and sterilization in hospitals. Nuclear medicine imaging provides information about function and structure, using safe, not invasive, and cost-effective techniques for diagnosis and therapy. A number of radioactive substances have been used for the different purposes depending on their suitability. One of the most informative imaging techniques available in medical diagnostics is positron emission tomography (PET). A positron-emitting radionuclide is introduced, usually by injection, and accumulates in the target tissue. As it decays it emits a positron, which promptly combines with a nearby electron resulting in the simultaneous emission of two identifiable gamma rays in opposite directions. These are detected by a PET camera and give very precise indications of their origin. It is a very powerful and significant tool which provides unique information on a wide variety of diseases from dementia to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Organ malfunction can be indicated if the isotope is either partially taken up in the organ (cold spot), or taken up in excess (hot spot). If a series of images is taken over a period of...
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...Table of Figures Table 1. Cancer-related deaths from 1990-1998 7 Figure 1. Rate* of prostate cancer deaths, 1990-1998 8 Figure 2. Rate* of female breast cancer deaths, 1990-1998. 9 The most consistent finding, over decades of research, is the strong association between tobacco use and cancers of many sites. Hundreds of epidemiologic studies have confirmed this association. Further support comes from the fact that lung cancer death rates in the United States have mirrored smoking patterns, with increases in smoking followed by dramatic increases in lung cancer death rates and, more recently, decreases in smoking followed by decreases in lung cancer death rates in men. Additional examples of modifiable cancer risk factors include alcohol consumption (associated with increased risk of oral, esophageal, breast, and other cancers), physical inactivity (associated with increased risk of colon, breast, and possibly other cancers), and obesity (associated with colon, breast, endometrial, and possibly other cancers). Observational evidence shows associations between amount of alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and obesity and increased incidence of certain cancers. More research is needed to determine whether these associations are causal and thus whether avoiding these behaviors would actually reduce cancer incidence. Other lifestyle and environmental factors known to affect cancer risk (either beneficially or detrimentally) include certain sexual and reproductive...
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...environmental interventions (World Health Organization, 2013). Health promotion is a big topic now at world health organization meetings. They are encouraging the promotion of health for many reasons. Purpose of health promotion is to allow access for all and to encourage healthy lifestyles so people can live longer and be healthy doing it. In this paper, this writer will explain the nurses role in health promotion and compare health promotion prevention; primary, secondary and tertiary levels about breast cancer. The changes in society have forced the change in nursing roles and responsibilities for the beginning of health promotion. To show the effects of encouragement of health promotion, nurses are now expanding their care outside the hospitals into community based care. Nurses are developing themselves into more than one role and using evidenced based practice to apply care in to the home and community settings. In these roles, nurses are becoming more actively involved in disease prevention and health promotion and becoming more independent in their practice and are accountable morally and legally for their professional behavior (Edelman & Mandle, 2010, p,19). Nurses are advocates and helping one obtain community based needs while showing them how to be their own advocate. Nurses also collaborate with other professionals and act as care managers to make sure that no one receives duplicate services in order to help reduce costs. The nurses role is a very important part...
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...Capital Expenses Financial Resource Management HSC571 July 21, 2014 Capital Expenses At Baptist Hospital Cancer Center it has been determined that a proposal for expenses for a digital imaging system is needed. This system is the BioVision by Faxitron. It is a Digital Surgical Biopsy Specimen Imaging System. The total cost is $99,875.00. With this acquisition it will include an instant corroboration of an effective biopsy procedure. This system has over twenty features. Some of these includes the 10cm x 15cm digital detector, high resolution 2.3 MP flat-panel LCD monitor, Ergonomic Keyboard, Transparent Imaging Door, 3 Hour Battery Backup Operation, Battery Life Indicator, Automatic Exposure, Automatic Calibration, 2 times Magnification, and DICOM compliant. The best feature will be the time saved in the operating room by using this imaging system. Additionally it includes one year warranty and one day of in-service training by a factory trained professional. This proposal explains how the acquiring of Faxitron’s BioVision is supported by the organizations goals and management needs and improving the financial well being of the Miami cancer center. The purpose for this report is to establish the need to invest in this system. The report will disclose financials and operating costs. The Baptist Hospital Cancer Center is a corporation that provides outpatient treatments to patients in its targeted area. Most of our patient about 85% to 90% will have...
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...typically exploited in most nuclear medicine procedures? Nuclear Medicine is a specialty used to diagnose and treat diseases in a painless and safe manner, which uses a pharmaceutical (medicine) that’s attached to a small amount of radioactive material (a radioisotope). The procedures can often identify disease in an early stage, thus allowing for treatment to be started sooner. The most common of nuclear enhanced medical procedures involve the use of x-rays — a type of radiation that can pass through our skin. X-rays and other forms of radiation also have a variety of therapeutic uses. When used in this way, they’re intended to kill cancerous tissue, reduce the size of a tumor, or reduce pain ("Medicinal Radiocompounds). * How are patients prepared for nuclear medicine procedures? For a nuclear medicine exam, the patient is given a small amount of radioisotope, either orally or by injection, to enhance the visualization of selected organs or vascular structures. * What are the advantages and limitations of nuclear medicine? Advantages Nuclear medicine is a tool for physicians and scientists to diagnose several diseases. Nuclear Medicine is already being used as the most effective treatment for many cancerous diseases and conditions. X-rays used in nuclear medicine can scan the most sensitive parts of the body of a person just in case a serious disease is already developing in it. While utilizing this tool in medicine, physicians can easily perform their responsibility...
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...Dementia are usually diagnosed clinically from the history of the patients, relatives and from the clinical observations, based on the presence of characteristics neurological and neuropsychological features and the absence of alternative conditions. computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and single emission computed tomography are the advanced medical imaging techniques, which could be used to help and exclude other cerebral pathology or subtypes of the dementia thus this may help to predict the type of dementia that can be converted from one type to another that means from one stage to the other stage of dementia. Thus, some of the assessment can be done to know the intellectual functioning, which may...
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...Patient navigators are usually trained, culturally sensitive health care workers who provide support and guidance throughout the patient’s care (National Cancer Institute, 2009). There is no one common definition of patient navigators. Healthcare navigators include trained social workers, community health workers nurses and nurse practitioners as well as trained laypersons, who may be full-time employees or volunteers. Most patient navigators work on reducing disparities in cancer outcomes. They are increasingly used for underserved individuals at risk for or with cancer. They guide patients and their families along the maze of doctors' offices, clinics, hospitals, outpatient centers, insurance and payment systems, patient-support organizations, and other components of the health care system encountered during the cancer journey. Services provided by patient navigators are designed to support timely delivery of quality standard cancer care and ensure that patients, survivors, and families are satisfied with their encounters with the cancer care system (Institute for Alternative Future, 2007). Some of the services provided include: • Coordinating appointment to ensure timely delivery of services, • Providing literature and education on coping with cancer, what to expect during chemotherapy and radiation, and dealing with side effects of treatment • Facilitating communication and follow-up services, • Helping with paperwork, • Ensuring that appropriate medical records are...
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...Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women in the United States today. There are many factors for developing breast cancer. Many women survived breast cancer now because of advance technology detecting the disease early. There are a variety of treatments women can choose from to treat breast cancer. The word” risk” is simply referring to the factors that will increase or decrease the chances of women developing breast cancer. There are several factors that can increase the chances of women getting the disease. One of these factors is family history. If a woman has a family member who was diagnosed with breast cancer such as a mother, sister, daughter her risk of developing breast cancer is increases. This risk increases more if the family member was diagnosed before the age of fifty. If you have been diagnosed with breast cancer in one breast before, you have a greater risk of being diagnosed with cancer in the other breast. Your risk also increases more if abnormal breast cells have been detected before. Women with dense breast tissue might have a higher risk of developing breast cancer, than women without dense breast tissue. A woman who began her menstrual cycle before she reaches the age of twelve or have no children has a higher risk of developing breast cancer. Also, if a woman had her first child at the age of thirty years or older and began menopause after the age of fifty five, she too is at risk of developing breast cancer. Early...
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...medical imaging procedures Radiology is a very interesting subject and has a long history. X-Rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. X-rays were first produced in a vacuum tube where electronics travelled at the speed of light, 186,000 miles per second. Electromagnetic rays have high energy and very short wavelengths, which are not visible to the human eye. In 1913, an American radiologist named Gustav Bucky made the very first radiographic grid. With one-hundred radiologists per million Americans, approximately eighty-percent of radiologists are men. Full-time radiologists average a fifty-hour work week. The top four areas of radiology consist of: body cross/abdomen imaging, interventional/vascular imaging, breast imaging/women’s imaging, and neuroradiology. Before your examination, a radiographer will explain the procedure to you and answer any questions you may have. A Radiologic Technologist is a skilled professional with specialized education of anatomy, radiation protection, patient care, radiation exposure, and positioning. It is part of their duty to determine how much radiation is necessary to produce a diagnostic image. Radiographic testing is a non-destructive testing that uses X-rays and/or Gamma-rays for detecting internal imperfections and for detecting corrosion. Over the years cardiac imaging has undergone revolutionary development during recent decades. Coronary angioplasty and subsequent introduction of non-invasive imaging techniques...
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...According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women in the United States, when not considering some skin cancers (Breast cancer statistics, CDC, 2015). The Asian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic (not exclusive of race) minorities have lower incidence and death rates than both White women and African-American women. More than any other racial group, White women are more likely to have breast cancer, yet African-American women are more likely to die from the disease (Breast cancer rates by race and ethnicity, CDC, 2015). According to a report published by the American Cancer Society (ACS), Black women are more likely to be diagnosed at the regional and distant stages than White women are (ACS, 2014). Additionally, Hispanic women are also more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer stages two through four (Chen and Li, 2015). White women are more likely to be diagnosed at the local stage of cancer than Black women are (ACS, 2014). Furthermore, this ACS report states that those women diagnosed at the localized stage have a 99% 5-year relative survival (ACS, 2014). All of this data seems to indicate that breast cancer diagnosis is not independent of...
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