...Proposal for Individual Research Paper: Your Name here To provide guidance for your individual project, you are to submit a Proposal for Individual Project by the end of Session 4. The Proposal should address the following seven questions. Rename the template including your name (e.g. Proposal for Individual Project_yourName.doc or .docx) and submit your proposal in the assignment folder “RsrchPaperProp”. I. What is the thesis of your paper? A strong Research Paper has a good thesis. Your thesis statement is a point of view in response to a research question. Read more about how to write a thesis statement here: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/545/1/ |Breast Cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, exceeded only by lung cancer. Digital Breast Tomosynthesis | |(DBT) or 3D Mammography in conjunction with conventional computed tomography (CT Scan) mammography is proving to be more successful| |in detection and possible prevention of Breast Cancer than conventional methods alone. | II. Who is the audience of your paper? It is important to have a well-defined audience in mind when you write your paper. Hopefully you will be able to define an authentic audience that may be relevant in some way to your current job and/or career goals. |ITEC610 class members, IT management, UCSP615 professor & class members | | ...
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...Evidence that Identifies Benefits of Breastfeeding to the Child, the Mother, and the Entire Family What are the Benefits of Extended Breastfeeding? Throughout most of human history, breast milk has been the one food that infants have thrived on. Breastfeeding is recognized throughout the world as the preferred method of feeding infants due to its health benefits and nutritional quality. Recommendations by leading health organizations echo the importance of breastfeeding by setting forth guidelines. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics,” breastfeeding should be continued for the first year of life and beyond for as long as mutually desired by mother and child” (American Academy of Pediatrics [AAP], 2005). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends breastfeeding infants for a minimum of six months, with added benefits when breastfeeding continues for more than a year. Their overall opinion is that the greatest health benefits occur when it is done for one or two years (Ryan, 2012). The United States national health objective, Healthy People 2010, set a goal to increase the number of women who breastfeed for at least six months to 50 %, focusing specifically on low-income women (Pugh et al., 2002). This research paper will look into the many benefits associated with breastfeeding for at least six months. First, what added health benefits does the infant receive if they are breastfed for at least six months when compared to an infant...
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...Prevention of Breast Cancer Abstract Background Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American women according to the National Cancer Institute. Breast cancer research has found no cure and treatments vary in effectiveness. Objectives This paper will review some of the various conventional and natural prevention methods of breast cancer and evaluate the effectiveness and risks of each. Methods/Design Published studies on early detection , non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical activity and diet were reviewed. Opposing studies and risks of each were also sought and reviewed. Major Findings All methods were found to have a positive effect on reducing the risk of breast cancer except for early detection. All methods were also found to have a negative effect on breast cancer risk or have risks of other health problems except for physical activity and thermography. Conclusion Studies show that early detection does not prevent breast cancer and moderate physical activity can reduce the risk of breast cancer. All other methods have conflicting studies . Early Detection: Early detection is the most recommend method for the prevention of breast cancer, however it does not prevent breast cancer but studies show it can reduce the death rate of breast cancer. Mammography the most used and accurate form of non-evasive early detection will be examined in this paper as well as thermography, a new alternative to mammogram screenings. ...
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...Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION IN NURSING CARE HEALTH PROMOTION IN NURSING CARE Donna Pisarski Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Ms. Renita Holmes September 21, 2012 Health Promotion in Nursing Care This paper will discuss health promotion and what health care changes are occurring. Through the expanding role in nursing this paper discusses what those roles will entail and the use of primary, secondary, and tertiary care when developing a patient centered care plan. The health care field has been traditionally based around a concept of healing the ill, finding cures, and eradicating disease through immunizations, health being viewed as the absence of disease. Today’s medicine is changing to a new process, a process of promoting health and wellbeing through disease prevention, the teachings of healthy eating and being physically fit. A push to get people involved with and take responsibility for their own health is known as “health promotion”. President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act on March 23,2010, by doing this the whole climate of health care change. A call out for all health care professionals to practice to the full extent of their education and competencies, to streamline health care towards a patient centered system, and deliver a more primary care approach (Institute of Medicine, 2011, pp. 86-87). The goal by doing this is to improve health and wellness, quality of life, and in-turn reduce health care expenditure in...
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...Physicians* Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death for women in their 40s in the United States. Individualized risk assessment plays an important role when making decisions about screening mammography, especially for women 49 years of age or younger. The purpose of this guideline is to present the available evidence for screening mammography in women 40 to 49 years of age and to increase clinicians’ understanding of the benefits and risks of screening mammography. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:511-515. For author affiliations, see end of text. www.annals.org RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendation 1: In women 40 to 49 years of age, clinicians should periodically perform individualized assessment of risk for breast cancer to help guide decisions about screening mammography. A careful assessment of a woman’s risk for breast cancer is important. The 5-year breast cancer risk can vary from 0.4% for a woman age 40 years with no risk factors to 6.0% for a woman age 49 years with several risk factors (1). Factors that increase the risk for breast cancer include older age, family history of breast cancer, older age at the time of first birth, younger age at menarche, and history of breast biopsy. Women 40 to 49 years of age who have any of the following risk factors have a higher risk for breast cancer than the average 50-year-old woman: 2 first-degree relatives with breast cancer; 2 previous breast biopsies; 1 firstdegree relative with breast cancer and 1 previous breast...
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...Practice Nursing Implications Evidence Based Practice Nursing Implications Evidence based practice has been changing the direction of care and clinical research with regards safety, patient centered, and cost efficient care delivered to patients. The purpose of this paper will show the importance of Evidence Based Research by defining this form of research and the importance of using the research to improve on nursing practice. It will also show research examples of qualitative and quantitative studies and how it would improve patient outcomes and nursing practice within the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Barriers will be discussed that prevent nursing from using and embracing the current research. Finally, the conclusions will summarize the main points of this paper. Importance of Evidence Based Research The importance of evidence based research is, and should, be the driving force on nursing practice to patients. It should go hand in hand with the critical thinking skills that nurses already have and use with regards to care. Evidence Based Research is important because it is an accumulation of information that forms clinical practice. Evidence based research incorporates the patient/family, cost, and safety of care to be delivered. It changes the care from; the way it was always done to the way research proves it should be done, which may still be the way it was always done. The difference is that the now the processes are backed by highly reviewed and researched...
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...Physicians* Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death for women in their 40s in the United States. Individualized risk assessment plays an important role when making decisions about screening mammography, especially for women 49 years of age or younger. The purpose of this guideline is to present the available evidence for screening mammography in women 40 to 49 years of age and to increase clinicians’ understanding of the benefits and risks of screening mammography. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:511-515. For author affiliations, see end of text. www.annals.org RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendation 1: In women 40 to 49 years of age, clinicians should periodically perform individualized assessment of risk for breast cancer to help guide decisions about screening mammography. A careful assessment of a woman’s risk for breast cancer is important. The 5-year breast cancer risk can vary from 0.4% for a woman age 40 years with no risk factors to 6.0% for a woman age 49 years with several risk factors (1). Factors that increase the risk for breast cancer include older age, family history of breast cancer, older age at the time of first birth, younger age at menarche, and history of breast biopsy. Women 40 to 49 years of age who have any of the following risk factors have a higher risk for breast cancer than the average 50-year-old woman: 2 first-degree relatives with breast cancer; 2 previous breast biopsies; 1 firstdegree relative with breast cancer and 1 previous breast...
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...Breastfeeding – no introduction necessary The focus of this review paper is on presenting and substantiating common knowledge and beliefs with scientific research and facts to demonstrate the advantages of breast milk feeding in early stages of human life and in years that follow. Discussion of non-scientific, i.e. social, economic, etc., aspects of breastfeeding will be limited, with primary focus given to human health outcomes for infants and mothers. The structure of this paper is decisively unconventional: where the author has chosen to discuss the body of common knowledge about breastfeeding before delving into the scientific research review. The intention is to draw the readers’ attention to the vast body of proven and observed advantages of breastfeeding for infant and mothers. Breastfeeding advantages – more than just food Breastfeeding is a natural process. Throughout human history breastfeeding was, and in many places around the world still is, a means to a healthy start to a human life. With the development of baby formula, and its availability, and relatively low cost, breastfeeding is now commonly thought to be a choice in the developed world. No longer a means to survival, no longer a requirement. To some, the advent of the baby formula is a direct form of feminine liberation. To others, baby formula is a necessity for medical or circumstantial reasons that are not driven by the freedom of choice. Those that choose the formula under pretenses other than necessity...
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...Critique Paper Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of breast cancer that when tested for estrogen receptors (ER-), progesterone receptors (PR-), and HER2 (HER2-) they all come negative. The results that came out negative for all three means the cancer is triple-negative. However, these negative results mean that the growth of the cancer is not sustained by the estrogen, progesterone hormones, and the HER2 receptors. Therefore, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cannot be treated with hormonal therapies such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors. Also, it cannot be treated with therapies that target HER2 receptors, such as Herceptin. Scientists now are testing other medicines such as Tat-SID, which can be used to treat triple-negative breast cancer. To understand triple-negative breast cancer, it’s important to understand the receptors, which are proteins that are found inside and on the surface of cancerous cell. These receptor proteins are the senses of the cell, they receive messages/signals from substances in the bloodstream and the cell respond to these signals. In this research, the mouse metastatic mammary 4T1 tumor cell line was used as well as human breast adenocarcinoma cell line, mouse mammary tumor MMTV-Myc cell line, RPMI supplemented with fetal bovine serum,...
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...Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in Canada. Approximately 20-30% of the breast cancer patients have an overexpression of HER-2, which is associated with aggressive disease progression and poor response to traditional treatments. Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against HER-2, has been demonstrated its efficacy in benefiting HER-2-positive breast cancer patients in several clinical trials. A literature review was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of trastuzumab, in regards to its benefits on disease-free survival and toxicity profile, in the adjuvant setting among HER-2-positive breast cancer patients. Three randomized clinical trials were identified comparing clinical outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy with...
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...Birthday Headlines Pauline F. Bacay De La Salle – College of St. Benilde Introduction As final requirement for Technical Writing class, the students were to research on events that were headlines on the day they were born, 20 years, 50 years and 100 years ago. They were to present this in front of a panel in specific schedules their professor has given. This also served as their final exam for the second term of school year 2012 – 2011. They were to follow the APA style in doing the paper including a bibliography of the same format. The research is very useful in their course, which is Bachelor of Arts Major in Consular and Diplomatic Affairs, because it concerns historical headlines around the world and their course mostly consists of majors in history. They may also improve their research making skills and strategies in the study because it requires them to consult more sources for a precise and reliable study. Based on this study, many historical events did happen on the same month of the researcher’s birthday. Some created great effect on today and others are just headlines that shook the world. It’s a way of discovering new things about history and also getting to remember it because it took a mindful of research to get all the information. It also serves as an achievement for a student to create a research paper and applying all that they have learned in their subject. BODY January 31, 1996 50 Dead in Sri Lanka suicide bombing BBC News UK (1996) reported more...
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...eye of the beholder; but that seems to have changed over time. The way the media has portrayed beauty it gives off an illusion of what a teenager growing up is supposed to look like once they are older. This has caused for teenagers to chase an impossible goal of being picture perfect and are willing to take risks to look the way they wish to. The most popular cosmetic surgeries between teens under the of 18 are: Otoplasty (ear surgery), Rhinoplasty (nose reshaping), Breast reduction,Correction of breast asymmetry and Treatment of Gynecomastia. (The American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery). These surgeries seem to be what teenagers feel may be what is holding them back from reaching their goal perfection without thinking of the risks.In the media almost everyone has the perfect body and the perfect face. By seeing this so much in the media cosmetic surgery seems like the easy way to reach the goals of looking "perfect" without knowing the risks. According to the article Journal of Adolescent Health, breast implants typically last approximately 10 years. The likelihood of capsular contracture and other complications requiring surgery also increase over time, so that an adolescent...
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...Final Research Paper Fighting to Live Byranisha Goodwin-Cooper Comp/172 November 8, 2011 Nalin Pant . Cancer is one of the most devastating illnesses one can have. Unfortunately, when death is knocking at the door of a cancer patient, vision becomes blurry not because they cannot see but because living a normal life is not the same. Some insurance companies will not cover the cost of treatment that a cancer patient needs to survive if it is preexisting. The insurance companies want to make a profit by the cost of treatment, constantly raising rates of testing, and other medical expenses and supplies. Is it fair to the sick to be denied treatment? The answer is a definitely No! All cancer patients should be treated equally weather you have insurance or not. Cancer patients have to fight to live and to fight in order to afford treatments. Some patients who have little to no insurance are forced to be placed on hold, and have to wait get approved by insurance companies, while other medical facilities will provide service and advise a patient to get a primary doctor for all follow ups. Cancer patients have to deal with getting the proper medical treatment available with limited time. While cancer patients have to wait until insurance is approved to start certain procedures the waiting period can be hectic on a person mental state causing stress and the cancer to spread making a person’s life very difficult. Many different thoughts can cross through a person’s mind; such as...
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...Not only is alcohol one of the leading problems in todays society, but it is also a growing problem in Americas teenagers. I will be discussing several point in this paper from various studies to what exactly alcoholism is and the different dangers of this disease. This is a very personal topic to me so I hope you enjoy my research paper. The first point being addressed is what exactly alcoholism is. According to The Reader’s Digest Great Encyclopedic Dictionary, alcoholism “is a diseased condition resulting from the excessive use or persistent use of alcoholic beverages.” Alcoholism has divided into two major forms--alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence (Goodwin 1998). Alcohol abuse is the excessive consumption of alcohol which has detrimental effects on the people and situations surrounding an individual; whereas, alcohol dependence is a physical attachment to the alcohol. Alcohol abuse leads to hazardous behavior, such as drunken driving and continued drinking despite negative consequences on family, work, or social functioning. Alcohol dependence involves withdrawal symptoms when alcohol is not used, and lack of control over drinking despite serious social and medical problems (Goodwin 1998). Various studies have been performed to show the relationship between alcoholism and genetics. New research on male twins show that genes play a critical role in the development of milder forms of alcoholism, such as, occasional abuse that can land the drinker in dangerous circumstances...
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...Discussion of new Strategy The new strategy is aligned with the mission of AF • Reduction of overall cost to serve, indirect patient cost and to increase net income. The question is whether it would be financially viable especially when a large number of patients have to be served ( Arroyo Fresco, 2004-2013). • The new strategy is also addressing workforce gaps in order to provide clinical and technical staff. Would this be viable in the light that employee training costs, as well as staff with technical skills are high? • Thirdly increase prevention care and avoidance of chronic and communicable diseases at the different sites. This will require internal and external resources to address the unmet health care needs in the various service areas and this can create the need for further financial resources. • The fourth objective is to provide uninsured patients with health care needs. When the organization and state collaborate they can provide increase insurance for patients. But the drawback to this system is that it increases financial cost and does not seem financially viable. • The fifth strategy is to increase satisfaction among volunteers, employees, and patients. This will however call for an increase compensation for staff and this may not be financially viable. Analysis of chapter 7 and research completed Patients with % BMI had consistently reduced in all three counties better than the State-Average CHC between 2003-2005 .Percentage of patients...
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