...Brief History of the Internet Introduction The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world like nothing before. The invention of the telegraph, telephone, radio, and computer set the stage for this unprecedented integration of capabilities. The Internet is at once a world-wide broadcasting capability, a mechanism for information dissemination, and a medium for collaboration and interaction between individuals and their computers without regard for geographic location. The Internet represents one of the most successful examples of the benefits of sustained investment and commitment to research and development of information infrastructure. Beginning with the early research in packet switching, the government, industry and academia have been partners in evolving and deploying this exciting new technology. Today, terms like "bleiner@computer.org" and "http://www.acm.org" trip lightly off the tongue of the random person on the street. 1 This is intended to be a brief, necessarily cursory and incomplete history. Much material currently exists about the Internet, covering history, technology, and usage. A trip to almost any bookstore will find shelves of material written about the Internet. 2 In this paper,3 several of us involved in the development and evolution of the Internet share our views of its origins and history. This history revolves around four distinct aspects. There is the technological evolution that began with early research on packet...
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...IPv4 Internet Protocol - A Brief History At the end of the 1960's there was a great demand in various US universities and research centers for a network that should permit nationwide utilization of existing computer resources. In addition to that there was the desire for data exchange. On the other hand there was the interest in practical experiences, design, implementation, the use of network techniques in general and packet switching in particular. So the Advanced Research Project Agency, an US government organization, started developing a net called ARPANET. From 1972 the Advanced Research Project Agency dealt with research projects of military interests and ARPANET was renamed DARPA. The first proposal was made in 1968. The contract was won in December 1968 by the company Bolt, Breakneck and Newman (BBN). The demands for file transfer, remote login and email were on top of the list for NCP (Network Control Protocol, the predecessor of TCP/IP). The first use of ARPANET was in 1971. In 1973, a project was started, developing new lower layer protocols because the existing layers had become functionally inadequate. So Cerf and Kahn specified the following goals for the lower layer protocols in 1974: • Independence from underlying network techniques and from the architecture of the host • Universal connectivity throughout the network • End-to-end acknowledgments • Standardized application protocols In 1981 the TCP/IPv4 was standardized in ARPANET RFC's. The...
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- What is Internet and how does it Work? Radu Zatreanu HS Web Design 10 B 02/13/12 We can't imagine our lives without it anymore, by having one using it from hour to hour on a daily basis. Multi-purpose as it had accustomed us, right from the beginning, the "Internet" has pushed well-established limits forward, in terms of jobs, socializing, financing, information or entertainment. Its full potential is not used, yet it will be discovered in future, it is predictable. However, there are numerous limitations reported to using such technology, as it creates dependancy. Deaths have been found out of children or teenagers spending 24 hrs. or more on the internet. Another serious problem would be the inverse effect of virtual socializing. Instead of having people talking to each other, you get messengers in form of (computer and internet), speaking for yourself. This affects not only the youth but also adults as it tends to change their moods/emotions and bring introverts out of them. However, it is important to look at the internet's history, how it all started, how it did progress over such a short period of time and most important, the complexity of its system. The history of the internet has its roots to as early as 1957, right after URSS successfully managed to launch the world’s first artificial satellite on the orbit and the U...
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...The Internet today is the global platform of information infrastructure. It has a very detailed history and has been evolving ever since it first began… making a great impact on us in many aspects - technological, organizational, educational, economic, political, social, and moral (both intra-personal and inter-personal) environments. According to The Internet Society organization, the predecessor to the modern Internet is a packet switching technique called THE ARPANET which was founded by a team of visionary minds at the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) lead by the program manager and office director the scientist Lawrence Roberts. The initial ARPANET gradually matured into the “Internet” we use today (Brief History of the Internet, 2013) . The development and growth of the Internet has had a great impact on the economy. Banks have made tremendous changes to the operational and corporative sector and interactions with consumers. Most of the banks across the globe have developed online banking portals where clients can manage their accounts from home. The Internet offers the potential for safe, convenient new ways to shop for financial services and conduct banking business, any day, any time(Safe Internet Banking, 2013). Amazon .com has been a major factor in the internet shopping revolution. Websites such as bizrate.com, nextag.com, shoplocal.com, slickdeals.net, and woot.com are some of the most popular comparison shopping sites. Websites such as...
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...the practice of marketing. This paper will shed a light on traditional and online marketing, highlighting the very concepts along with the pros and cons of each type of marketing. The history of marketing is divided into two phases; the development of marketing theory, and the development of marketing practice. The history of marketing theory deals with the evolution of different...
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...copies for their own use only, to make copies for distribution to students of the course the textbook is used in, and to modify this material to best suit their instructional needs. Under no circumstances can copies be made for resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein. 2 Chapter 1. Learning Objectives • Be aware of the history of communications, information systems and the Internet • Be aware of the applications of data communications networks • Be familiar with the major components of and types of networks • Understand the role of network layers • Be familiar with the role of network standards • Be aware of three key trends in communications and networking 3 Chapter 1. Outline • Introduction: The Information Society • Brief histories of: – communications, info systems and the Internet • Data Communications Networks – network components, network types • Network Models – OSI model, Internet model, message transmission using layers • Network Standards – importance of standards, standards making, common standards • Future Trends – pervasive networking, integration of voice, video, and data, new information services 4...
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...I. Executive Summary II. Definition and History of Data Security III. Brief Back Ground of ManTech IV. Current Business Issues V. Proposed Solution VI. Recommendations VII. Conclusion VIII. Work Cited I. Executive Summary With the recent break-in of the ManTech’s network infrastructure, I am providing ManTech’s Executive Committee with information to help them identifying issues and and providing them with for these issues. In the following document we provide: • Definition and History of Data Security • Brief Back Ground of ManTech • Discussion of ManTech’s • Current Business Issues • Proposed Solution This report includes a summary of findings for the ManTech Corporation, research, and appropriate recommendations for appropriate actions that ManTech Executive Committee can use to further their Data Security success. II. History and Definition of Data Security History Since the invention of writing, heads of states and military commanders understood that it was necessary to provide some mechanism to protect the confidentiality of written correspondence and to have some means of detecting tampering. Julius Caesar is credited with the invention of the Caesar cipher ca. 50 B.C. (Caesar’s Cipher - Data Encryption), which was created in order to prevent his secret messages from being read should a message fall into the wrong hands. World War II brought about much advancement in information security and marked the beginning of the professional field...
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...web designer who used a website template. The overall appearance is not welcoming to the site’s users and its white background and lack of content makes the homepage next to lifeless The internet home page gives the user a brief description of the company and some contact information. There is a list of some of the products Riordan supplies, but that is it; it is just a list. There is no description of the items. No links that takes the user to pictures of the items. No links that takes users and/or customers to an ordering catalog or even an on-line ordering system. The only upside to the home page is that they have three pictures and a banner that makes the page somewhat bearable. When the user travels to the intranet there is just a banner and three sections of the home page The three sections include a brief description of Riordan Manufacturing with a bit more details than the internet nom page, their mission statement, and a history of the company. To the left of all of that there are several links that lets the user navigate his way through several departments within the company. However, Riordan has once again kept the plain white background and keeps their web pages uneventful. The intended purpose of the internet home page is not as obvious as other home pages. With only a brief description,...
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...Social, Mobile, Omni How effective do you think Puma’s Web site is as a retail e-commerce site? How does Puma use social media to support its business? How does what it does on its Facebook page differ from what it does on its Twitter page and YouTube channel, and vice versa? E-commerce Trends 2013–2014 Expansion of social, local, and mobile e-commerce Mobile platform begins to rival PC platform Continued growth of cloud computing Explosive growth in “Big Data” E-books gain wide acceptance Continued growth of user-generated content Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education 1 The First 30 Seconds First 17 years of e-commerce Just the beginning Rapid growth and change What Is E-commerce? Use of Internet and Web to transact business More formally: Digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among organizations and individuals Technologies continue to evolve at exponential rates Disruptive business change New opportunities Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education E-commerce vs. E-business E-business: Digital enabling of transactions and processes within a firm, involving information systems under firm’s control Does not include commercial transactions involving an exchange of value across organizational boundaries Why Study E-commerce? E-commerce technology is different, more powerful than previous technologies E-commerce brings fundamental changes to commerce Traditional commerce: ...
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...1. Investigate SCR’s Internet site and learn about the company’s history, purpose, and values. Send Jesse a brief memo with suggestions to expand or improve these sections. SCR To: jesse_baker@scrassociates.com[->0] From: Date: 01/19/2014 RE: Internet Site Hi Jesse, Looking over the internet site, I think maybe more detail in the services we offer. This would allow potential customers to have a better understanding of what we offer. Also maybe have the web pages formatted so they will format to the browser that is being used. The site pages appear small and having the pages do this will make it easier to see the information. Looking at other IT Consulting firm’s websites, our could us some updating and more details on what SCR offers and what it can do to help out customers The SCR Web site includes realistic features, content, and links that allows you to learn about the company and its background. Find examples of other IT consulting firms and compare them to the SCR site. Create a brief memo here with your suggestions. 2. On the SCR intranet, visit the data, forms, and resource libraries and review a sample of the information in each library. The information on the intranet appears organized and easy to navigate. If I find anything that needs updating or added to I will let you know. This task provides an overview of the site and will give you a valuable introduction to the case study. Write your review here. 3. Using the SCR functions and...
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...1. One Page summary including the revolution of the internet. The Internet has evolved in many ways in the past 15 years. We have had Micro Controllers running at extremely low frequencies to computers having extremely high calibre processors, which are able to run at High frequencies. The Average smart phone to day can download at 8 MB/S which is the equivalent to the highest speed of the internet in 2006. In the late 70’ s there was around 20 functional networks and in 1996 there were over 50000 successful networks. Believe it or not Wi Fi technology has been around since the 1980’s; but it was only used for the top secret Federal technological development. In the 90’s the CSIRO innovated this technology to todays standard. More than 20 different tech companies paid 250 million dollars for the equipment and Australia is still waiting for a payment estimated over 1 billion dollars. There have been many revolutionary browsers which have aided in the revolution in the World Wide Web and the Internet its self. The invention of the telegraph, telephone, radio, and computer set the stage for this unprecedented integration of capabilities. The numbers have changed to over 1.5 billion users. The network's reach has expanded beyond the United States to all over the globe. But everything has its pros and cons, as it has evolved from a friendly research network to a hotbed of criminal activity including fraud and identity theft. Ideas for the...
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...Pearlson & Saunders, 2013, Introduction; Tapscott, 2014, Ch. 1) @mtpadam Week 1 1 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING This material has been copied and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of Newcastle pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. 1 Educational Objectives for Today • Foundations of the economy • Similarities and differences between analog and digital goods • Understand the basic concepts of the digital economy • A brief overview of the history of IT • Creative destruction and digital disruption | EBUS3050 | The Digital Economy| I. Introduction “These Google guys, they want to be billionaires and rock stars and go to conferences and all that. Let us see if they still want to run the business intwo to three years.” (Bill Gates, Microsoft, 2003) “$100 million is way to much to pay for Microsoft.” (IBM, 1982) Week 1 3 “Information technology and business are becoming inextricably interwoven. I don’t think anybody can talk meaningfully about one without the talking about the others.” (Bill Gates, Microsoft) “By 2005 or so, it will become clear that the Internet’s impact on the economy has been no greater than the fax machine.” (Paul ...
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...transmitters that operated on a stable base, usually with the help of large antennas. 2 way radios used by police officers were also considered mobile technology but now, it means people can connect wirelessly to the internet or to a private network almost anywhere. As long as a person has one of the devices capable of wirelessly accessing the internet, they are participating in mobile computing. What are portable computing devices? It could be a Tablet, which is a one-piece mobile computer. Devices typically have a touchscreen, with finger or stylus gestures replacing the conventional computer mouse. It is often supplemented by physical buttons or input from sensors such as accelerometers. An on-screen, virtual keyboard is usually used for typing. Mobile phones also known as smartphones are also portable computing devices. A mobile phone or smart phone is a mobile phone, small enough to fit in your hand and in your pocket, built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing capability. Portable computing devices are increasingly powerful and affordable. Their small size and functionality make these devices a desirable replacement for traditional desktop and laptop computers in a wide number of applications. Pocket PCs are another way to conveniently access the internet on the fly. Everyone has probably heard of the Palm Pilot. While they were the pioneers of the pocket pc, many other companies such as Dell, HP, and Toshiba have all delved into the market. Pocket PC...
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...000 Your written company profile is your notes for the oral exam. Use the below articles and links: Tesco profits fall for first time in almost 20 years Tesco offloads Japanese operation Last orders for your local How to build a better Tesco - retail empire strikes back Tesco links: http://en.wikipedia.org http://www.tesco.com/ http://www.tescoplc.com/ > About us http://www.tescoplc.com > News > Key facts In your company profile you focus on the following aspects: Corporate history Line of business Number of stores, employees and international markets Competitors http://en.wikipedia.org Market position in the UK http://en.wikipedia.org Problems in the UK and abroad Criticism from customers and the public in the UK New store formats New strategy Make sure your group answers the following questions in the process. 1) Make a brief summary of the history of Tesco. 2) Describe the company's range of goods and services. 3) Why do you think that the company has run into so many problems recently? 4) Account for the elements in Tesco’s new strategy. Finally make a SWOT-analysis of Tesco. B) Group Work Find a relevant video clips on Tesco. Make 3 to 5 questions for the video clip. The groups present their video clips for the class and ask their fellow students to answer the questions. Your teacher makes a list of the chosen video...
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...|Milestone 1, 2, 3, 4_Week 3 Assignment | | | | | |Class Project: CSC - Coastline Systems Consulting | |Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA | | | | | |IS581_Systems Analysis, Planning, and Control - 7th Edition | | | |Keller Graduate School (DeVry University) | |9/19/2010...
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