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Briefly Describe the Importance of the Interaction Between the Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems in Maintaining the Body’s Internal Balance

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The cardiovascular system and the respiratory system work together within the human body; creating a cycle that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the body’s tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other waste products, therefore contributing to homeostasis.
The first stage of this cycle is gas exchange or respiration. Air is breathed in through the nose or
Mouth and into the alveoli of the lungs; this is known as pulmonary ventilation (tortora 2011).
Inside the lungs an exchange of gases take place (pulmonary respiration) between the alveoli and the blood, through the pulmonary capillaries. At this point the blood will gain oxygen and lose
Carbon dioxide. (tortora 2011)
It is the function of the red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body. Red blood cells contain a pigment called haemoglobin which attracts oxygen into the cell. (www.hematology.org) From the lungs the blood flows to the heart through four pulmonary veins. It enters into the left atrium and then passes through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pushes the blood through the aortic valve into the ascending aorta (www.bhf.org.co.uk) Some of the blood flows through coronary arteries into the heart wall whilst the majority divides into separate streams, flowing through systemic arteries throughout the body. Arterial blood is pumped under pressure by the heart through the arteries which divide into smaller arteries called arterioles, when the arterioles enter the tissue they becomes smaller and smaller branches of microscopic capillaries. (www.bhf.org.co.uk) This is when the exchange of gases and nutrients will occur. As the blood flows through the tissue capillaries, the haemoglobin releases oxygen which diffuses into the cells. Carbon dioxide in return diffuses into the blood.
The blood is carried back to the heart through systemic veins. From

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