...Throughout history humans have been forced to face the daunting, frightening fact that we do not know who we are or where we are going. It has always been the authorities – the political, the religious, and the education authorities – that have attempted to comfort us by administering order, rules, and regulations; in effect they have successfully transferred their view of reality into our minds. It is important to question the decisions and ideas of authority, to support this argument one can look into specific historical figures and events. Galileo, Fleming, and the Supreme Court case Brown v Board of Education all exemplify the importance of questioning authority. The famous scientific figure Galileo reflects the importance of questioning authority. In 1616, Galileo was forbidden from holding or defending his belief that the Earth revolved around the sun. The Catholic Church, who believed that the Earth was the immovable center of the universe, deemed his belief heretical. After reading Galileo’s published work, scientists were agog at the possibilities brought on by his ideas. In 1633, the Roman Catholic Church forced Galileo to stand trial for his ideas. He had to publically denounce all of his ideas, and then he was convicted of heresy and sentenced to life imprisonment. The rest of his life was spent under house arrest, until his death in 1642. If the conviction of Galileo were never further questioned, science would have suffered an unbearable loss. The questioning...
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...Point- The position of Black Americans improved in the years 1945-55 politically Evidence- Morgan vs Virginia case, the vote, President Truman, Explanation- Irene Morgan refused to give up her seat on an interstate bus and was fined $100 inevitably led to the Supreme Court prohibiting segregation on interstate transport with the help on NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall. The Morgan vs. Virginia case did not lead to a change in practice however. The situation with many rulings was still very much de jure and de facto. Black people were given the vote so they were able to vote in more sympathetic political figures. This meant that someone who sympathised black people would be able to do something about it rather than ignore the racial inequality. President Truman established a committee to investigate race relations and to safeguard the rights of minorities. The report of this committee was published in 1947 was called ‘To Secure These Rights’. It called for many drastic changes to be made to the law including changes to black voting rights, reduce lynching by introducing new legislation and to end segregated facilities such as schools and public toilets. Link- This shows that the position of Black Americans did improve in the years 1945-55 politically. Analysis- Despite black people being able to vote, most Southern blacks could not and the possession of the vote did not bring Nothern blacks great gains. Also, poll taxed was introduced to further put off black people voting...
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...Section A- Identification and Evaluation of Sources This investigation will explore the topic of: To what extent did Sylvia Mendez and her family have an effect on the Brown v Board of Education case? The Mendez v. Westminster Case will be the focus of this investigation, to allow for an analysis of how the actions of Sylvia Mendez and her family eventually resulted in the historic Brown vs. Board of Education Case. The first source that will be evaluated in depth is “Mendez et al. v. Westminster School District of Orange County et al.”, which was written in 1946 by Paul John McCormick. The origin of this source is valuable because McCormick served as a judge in the Superior Court of California, and then later as an associate justice of the...
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...earlier. On May 17, 1954, the United States Supreme Court rendered its decision in the case of Brown v. Board of Education. Reactions to the decision were varied and touched a range of emotions among nearly all citizens of the United States. For some, Brown was heralded as the triumph over legal barriers to better educational opportunities for racial/ethnic and minority students. Yet, for others, it endangered a way of life that in the eyes of some, ensured “separate but equal” under Plessy vs. Ferguson (1898). Whatever the perspective, Brown meant a departure from past rules and values. It meant change. Problem In “Public Education in the Twentieth Century and Beyond: High Hopes, Broken Promises, and an Uncertain Future,” Nieto (2005) outlines key legislation over the past seventy-five years in U.S. education that has aided in leveling the educational outcomes for minority students. After the ruling in Brown vs. Board of Education (1954), policies aimed at providing equal opportunities to racial/ ethnic and minority groups began to emerge. As such, changes in population in terms of race, ethnicity, social class, and other differences helped to form the educational experiences of all students in U.S. public schools along with how we view, design, and implement educational policy. This, according to Nieto (2005) has laid the groundwork for thwarted attempts to live up to Horace Mann’s ideal of education as the “great equalizer.” What is interesting to...
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...In America, we are given the opportunity to attend free and public education. While this may be the case, this idea was not always available to all, particularly those with disabilities. The article “Disability Rights Through the Mid-20th Century,” written by Rhonda Neuhaus and Cindy Smith, states that disabled individuals did not gain the ability to attend school until the 20th century, prior to this many individuals were excluded. One must wonder why this was the case; was it because disabled individuals were misunderstood or was it because they were too different from the “normal” in American society? Furthermore, if America was...
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...The United States of America has really changed since the early debates on the role of public schools and the roles that the federal government plays in supporting and sustaining them. The importance of education for the common good has since shifted from primary local control to state and national control. The federal government and national organizations are basically focusing all their attention on grades k-12 public education. Major issues include the purpose and role of the federal government in education, funding, and the extent to which the federal government should play a role in public education. Federal funding currently averages about 10% of local school budgets. The federal government's 10-year budget outlook is bleak, and its longer-term outlook is even more dismal, driven by growth in health care costs. State and local government budgets will slowly recover from the effects of the recent recession, but will continue to have structural problems. Each of the three major revenue sources income, sales, and property taxes are candidates for reform. On the spending side, health care and education will dominate at the state and local level, while controlling entitlement spending is the main federal challenge. The defining characteristic of public budgeting is that it involves a continual struggle between the demands placed on government to respond to societal problems and the desires of citizens and the capacity of governments to finance those responses. (Public Budgeting...
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...Constitutional Law: CRJS400 - 1402B - 01 Individual Project: Unit 3 Human Rights Analysis Human Rights Analysis The case of Plessy vs. Ferguson established the separate but equal doctrine that was prevalent throughout life in the South for over fifty years. The case involved a man by the name of Homer Adolph Plessy, who was a colored shoemaker from New Orleans, Louisiana. He was only 1/8 black and 7/8 white, but under Louisiana law he was considered black. It also involved a white Judge by the name of John Howard Ferguson. In 1892 Plessy was asked by the Citizens Committee which was a political group made up of African Americans and Creoles to help them challenge the Separate Car Act, which by Louisiana law separated blacks and whites in railroad cars. If a black was caught sitting in the white section of the cars, they could get either 20 days in jail or a $25 fine. He agreed to help the Committee. On June 7, 1892, Plessy purchased a first-class ticket at the Press Street Station in New Orleans to go to Covington, Louisiana. The railroad didn’t support the Separate Car Law, because of the expense and trouble involved with it. They chose this station for that reason and the station was in on the test as well. He sat in the white only section and waited for the conductor. When the conductor arrived he told him that he was only 1/8 black and that he refused to move to the colored car of the train. A hired detective told Plessy he was violating the law but he still refused...
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...Transformational And Transactional Leaders In Higher Education Lloyd Moman Basham Texas A&M University-Commerce Abstract This paper discusses the following issues: (1) the climate, environment, challenges, and issues in higher education; (2) an overview of leadership and its application to education; (3) transformational leadership as the current focus on concepts relating to organization leadership; (4) transactional leadership as being management by exception; and (5) a comparison of transactional and transformational leadership. Climate, Environment, Challenges, and Issues in Higher Education The growing consensus among educators and policy-makers is that the current process of education must change dramatically. A different approach is needed to prepare today’s leaders to meet tomorrow’s challenges. The new structure should enhance preparation, allowing for innovation and futuristic thinking in a collaborative setting (Rodriguez, 1999). Americans, at all levels, have had great faith in the power of education to improve their quality of life. Education has been viewed as an escape route from poverty, an antidote to intolerance born of ignorance, a primary source of national prosperity, and the foundation of democracy (Swail, 2003). Scientific and technological advances have intensified in the past two decades and for the first time in human history created a truly global community. Modern telecommunications have linked all the corners of the planet as never before. Like the...
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...June 2012 • www.Mojo3Dprinting.com • 10 CASE STUDIES A New Mindset in Product Design 3D printing can help bring better products to market faster By Stratasys Inc. What is 3D printing? The terms “3D printing” and “additive manufacturing” refer to processes that automatically build objects layer by layer from computer data. The technology is already well-used in many sectors including transportation, health care, military and education. Uses include building concept models, functional prototypes, factory tooling (such as molds and robot-arm ends), and even finished goods (such as aircraft internal components). The aerospace and medical industries in particular have developed advanced applications for 3D printing. 3D printing is sometimes referred to as “rapid prototyping,” but this term does not encompass all current uses for the technology. Materials used in 3D printing include resins, plastics and, in some cases, metal. 3D PRINTER Since 3D printing’s inception, system reliability and model quality have increased, resulting in diverse applications. At the same time, prices have gone down to the point where some systems are affordable even for small businesses. In a 2011 report, Wohlers Associates predicted that worldwide annual sales of additive manufacturing systems will reach 15,000 units by 2015 — more than double the 2010 rate. Lower-priced professional systems will drive most of this growth.1 In FDM Technology™, printer software on the user’s Windows network...
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...The Midwest Energy Research Center FINAL REPORT BUSINESS PLAN FOR SOAR ENERGY COOPERATIVE Prepared by Management Consulting Services, Inc. Washington, DC On behalf of The Midwest Energy Research Center Findlay, OH December 2001 Management Consulting Services, Inc. Washington, DC T ABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... vi Study Objectives ...................................................................................................................... vii 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3. 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5. Introduction...........................................................................................................................1 Restructuring Legislation ....................................................................................................... 1 Renewable Generation in Ohio............................................................................................... 2 SOAR Energy Concept......................................................................................................... 3 Feasibility of SOAR Energy................................................................................................... 5 Market Assessment and Marketing Strategy....................................................................6 Market Size ..............................
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...Licensed to: iChapters User Eugene F. Brigham UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Joel F. Houston UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Eugene F. Brigham UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Joel F. Houston UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Licensed to: iChapters User This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time...
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...PThe Midwest Energy Research Center FINAL REPORT BUSINESS PLAN FOR SOAR ENERGY COOPERATIVE Prepared by Management Consulting Services, Inc. Washington, DC On behalf of The Midwest Energy Research Center Findlay, OH December 2001 Management Consulting Services, Inc. Washington, DC T ABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... vi Study Objectives ...................................................................................................................... vii 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3. 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5. Introduction...........................................................................................................................1 Restructuring Legislation ....................................................................................................... 1 Renewable Generation in Ohio............................................................................................... 2 SOAR Energy Concept......................................................................................................... 3 Feasibility of SOAR Energy................................................................................................... 5 Market Assessment and Marketing Strategy....................................................................6 Market Size .............................
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...Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists American Psychological Association Approved as APA Policy by the APA Council of Representatives, August, 2002 Copyright, American Psychological Association, 2002 Author Note: This document was approved as policy of the American Psychological Association (APA) by the APA Council of Representatives in August, 2002. This document was drafted by a joint Task Force of APA Divisions 17 (Counseling Psychology) and 45 (The Society for the Psychological Study of Ethnic Minority Issues). These guidelines have been in the process of development for 22 years, so many individuals and groups require acknowledgement. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for the present document included Nadya Fouad, PhD, Co-Chair, Patricia Arredondo, EdD, Co-Chair, Michael D’Andrea, EdD and Allen Ivey, EdD. These guidelines build on work related to multicultural counseling competencies by Division 17 (Sue et al., 1982) and the Association of Multicultural Counseling and Development (Arredondo et al., 1996; Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992). The Task Force acknowledges Allen Ivey, EdD, Thomas Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue, PhD for their leadership related to the work on competencies. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for these guidelines was assisted in reviewing the relevant literature by Rod Goodyear, PhD, Jeffrey S. Mio, PhD, Ruperto (Toti) Perez, PhD, William Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue...
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...Stock Market Analysis: MANG 6221 Professor Dr. Marta Degl'Innocenti Assignment Length: 3,155 words (Excluding Endnote, Graph, Appendix and Reference) By Group Niagara Waterfall Thanat Pojkasemsin 25390422 Kanchana Leeratsatien 25088866 Leena Phaerakkakit 25712756 Synthia Manik 25665286 Jingwen Liu 25402323 Part A Introduction With the development of financial market, the technical analysis tools play an important role for the security evaluation. According to Penman (2010), investors estimate the stock future prices and trends by collecting and estimate the past prices and information. However, there are some conflict points on the momentum strategies performance, and it is a technical tool with multiple economy factors needs to be considered into. Why do momentum strategies exist? Refer to both behavioural and market-based argumentations. Momentum strategies are the stock analysis stool exists in the financial evaluation process, also in funds and currency investment. According to Chan, Jegadeesh, and Lakonishok J (1996) said, "it is a strategy that buying stocks in a high returns over the past three to twelve months, and selling those that had the poor returns over the same period." In the other words, the outperform stock will remain well...
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...analyses a variety of Design Thinking methods to identify a governable pattern that is required to roll out Design Thinking as mindset in a multi-national company. A comparative analysis is essential to unveil focal points that lead to this organizational mindset transformation. Hence, a thorough understanding of the method and its core values may avoid uncoordinated innovation capabilities. Ultimately innovation will not be an R&D topic in an organization anymore but become part for every employee’s job, irrespective of his or her position. Keywords: Design thinking methods and characteristics, Review 1. INTRODUCTION A number of new innovation methods have emerged during the past two decades with an increasing interdisciplinary collaboration between the engineering, economic and social sciences. In spite of this, it is still a challenge to develop and introduce new innovations. One approach that increasingly makes its way to businesses of all sizes is called Design Thinking. This approach seems to be more promising to operationalize the innovation capabilities of a company (Brenner and Witte, 2011). Design Thinking is a human-centered problem solving method that mostly leads to radical innovative solution in terms of the feasibility, desirability and viability of products or services (Brown, 2008, 2009). In many languages the term design is used in the context of craftsmanship and the arts, such as design of clothes, buildings and other objects. Although Design...
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