...Burns- Assessment of such as age and the depth of the burn , bsa, inhalation injury , injury of other special surfaces such as the face the perineum , hands or feet or genital areas as well as medical hx. Burns are classified as : superficial partial thickness --- deep partial thickness--- full thickness injuries, it is important to remember that these are similar to but not the same as first second and third degree burns. Fourth degree burn if used is classified as a full thickness burn that destroys also tendons and muscle usually from high voltage injury or prolonged flame contact. Superficial partial thickness- the epidermis is destroyed or injured and portion of the dermis may be injured to Deep partial thickness – the epidermis is destroyed and the upper layers of the dermis with possible involvement of the deep layers, cap refill and tissue blanching, hair follicle still in tact Full thickness- destroys everything up to and including the underlying tissue of bone and muscle, color ranges from pale white to red and charred brown and black. No sensation due to destruction of the nerve. Wound is leathery no hair or sweat glands. Wound must be grafted to heal BSA: Rule of nines: head is 9, arms are 9, chest is 18 anterior and 18 posterior , belly is 18 anterior and posterior, legs are 18 and genitals are 1. Lund/bowder method is more accurate it determines BSA based on proportion of the area to the whole body and is more precise. Usually is given estimate then...
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...NUR2300: Burn Injuries Ali Almalki University: Date: Burn Injuries Burn injuries often have a significant impact on all aspects of the patient’s life, leaving them with a variety of psychosocial as well as physical handicaps. Extensive research evidence indicates that burn patients suffer profound social and psychological effects such as anxiety and depression, with long-term implications on the patient’s recovery and quality of life. Accordingly, it has been suggested that burn patients should undergo both long and short term systematic mental health care, in order to minimize and avert these psychopathological responses. Moreover, psychological interventions helps burn patients and staff to reduce burdensome as well as decline depressive symptoms. Notably, dissatisfaction tendencies with post-burn body image and appearance, have been pinpointed as a leading cause of psychological impacts, resulting to protracted recovery and impaired social life. According to Thombs et al. (2007) burn scars following a deep dermal injury are often cosmetically disfiguring and impel the scarred individual to deal with an alteration both in body image and appearance. The patient is also forced to adjust to significant impairments in motion and limitations of activities. However, according to Henry (2011), it is the disfigurement or change in appearance and body image that has a profound impact on the patient. Lau & Van Niekerk (2011) note that the alteration...
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...Severe Body Burns How Severe Burns Affect the Muscular, Integumentary, and Nervous Systems December 15, 2009 Severe Body Burns The purpose of this paper is to review the possible damage and some of the treatments available for muscular, integumentary, and nervous system after patients have received severe burns to their body. Over 2 million people are badly burned every year, with fire accounting for one fourth of the burns (Cakir & Yegen, 2004). While the muscular, integumentary, and nervous systems are three separate systems they rely on one another and other system of the body to maintain homeostasis in the body. The nervous system uses nerve impulses to communicate and control body functions. The nervous system sends a nervous impulse which the muscular system responds to by contracting a muscle to produce movement or generate heat to maintain the core body temperature (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008). The integumentary system protects all of the underlying systems, but also allows the body to respond to stimuli such as nerve impulses sent from the nervous system. While other systems of the body are also affected by a severe burn, this paper will focus primarily on the muscular, integumentary, and nervous systems. The muscular systems primary functions are to produce movement, maintain posture, and generate heat the body needs to maintain its core temperature (Thibdeau & Patton, 2008). When a serious burn occurs it is...
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...After the death of his father in 1784, Burns inherited the farm but by 1786 he was in terrible financial difficulties: the farm was not successful and he had made two women pregnant. Burns decided to emigrate to Jamaica so to raise the money required for this journey, he published his 'Poems in the Scottish Dialect' in 1786, which was an immediate success. He was persuaded not to leave Scotland by Dr Thomas Blacklock and in 1787 an Edinburgh edition of the poems was published. Ladies and Gentlemen, it falls to me, your allocated Lassie for this evening, to take up the challenge of replying to Ed's toast. And what a great toast it was, so I'd like to thank him very much for being so lovely about us Lassies. Unfortunately it falls to me to lower the tone and talk about men - not that I'm in any way suggesting those two things might go hand in hand. But no, Ed was absolutely right when he said men try to please us women. Yes, they try… But like Sigmund Frued, most men don't know what women want. Some of them get very strange ideas indeed, including Roberts Burns. He wrote a poem called 'Nine Inch Will Please a Lady' - I can't imagine what that's about… Then there's the other lot, with less inches, who think they can compensate by driving a really big car. No, sometimes men just don't get it right. Women might be accused of lack of logic, but we are quite good at dealing with the unexpected. Men sometimes flounder. Burn's father-in-law, for example, who upon hearing that his...
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...is a burn? Burns are physical injuries that occur when the human skin comes in contact with heat, radiation, electricity or certain chemicals. Burns are extremely dangerous and excruciatingly painful. Even a minor burn can be extremely painful. They can cause a severe damage to the skin and in some cases also to some internal organs of the body. They form permanent or temporary marks on the skin and involve the damage of the layers of skin. Basically burns are caused by any hot object or a chemical. Usually the most common agent causing burns is the fire. Other agents are hot liquids, electricity and chemicals and gas. Each year, over 200,000 Canadians receive medical care for burn injuries. More than 5000 of these are hospitalized for an average of two weeks, and of these, four percent will die from their injuries. How many of you have had a burn? How many of you have had, or ever had a loved one have a burn so severe that they had to go to a burn ward for treatment? I’d like to take this opportunity to give you a little history on the creation of burn wards in Canada, specifically Winnipeg, Regina (my own personal experience with my brother) and Toronto, the costs of these services, the leadership required to make these services a reality, and the important role these services play in the welfare of injured Canadians as a whole. Prior to the 1960s, burn victims were treated in general surgical wards. There were no specialized facilities for treating burn victims...
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...Ursula M. Burns isn't one to savor victory—even if it's being the first African American woman to lead a major U.S. corporation and the first female CEO to take the reins from another woman. Within days of being named chief executive of Xerox (XRX) she was on a plane to Europe. The mission: a 30-day tour to meet with staff outside the U.S., where Xerox has almost half its sales, and discuss ways to get customers buying again. "I think the celebration of her announcement ended about 60 seconds after the e-mail went out," says Clarke Murphy, a recruiter at Russell Reynolds. Burns, 50, has a war to fight. Xerox, a brand so synonymous with copying that its name long ago became a verb, faces a brutal business outlook. Customers are buying less equipment. Prices keep dropping. Managers are curbing paper use for cost-saving and environmental reasons. While departing CEO Anne M. Mulcahy, 56, pulled the $17.6 billion-a-year copier giant from the brink of bankruptcy and restored profitability, her successor has much to do. Burns will find herself battling competitors with stronger balance sheets and more heft as the industry consolidates. The Norwalk (Conn.) company's sales dropped 18% in the first quarter, to $3.6 billion, producing a profit of only $49 million. The stock, trading at more than 14 a share in September, is now less than half that. And yet expectations are high as Burns ascends to the CEO post. Executives inside and outside the company speak of her deep industry knowledge...
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...Burn to Revive In New Mexico and Colorado firefighters are battling a roaring wildfire. In New Mexico 37 thousand acres has been destroyed. Colorado has lost 43 thousand acres and one person. (Coffman, 2012) These fires are prime examples of why prescribed burning is a must. These fires had all the ingredients to make a big problem. There was a drought/lighting, debris, and humid temperatures. Prescribed burning, controlled burning is a management tool. These small burns in forest-like areas reduce wildfire. (Prescribed, 2012) This is done by teams of firefighters or foresters, studying the weather and characteristics of the area. Once the team has a date set to burn, they ignite the fire against the wind and down a slope. (Prescribed, 2012) They do this so the fire is controllable. Once the team is finish, they look for smoldering signs and extinguish any spots. (Prescribed, 2012) Controlled forest fires are healthy for the environment by reducing wildfires, increasing wildlife/controlling pest, and improving access. Prescribed burns reduce wildfires because it reduces debris on the forest floor; one of the key ingredients for producing wildfires. When logging in the area is complete, the trucks leave wood chips behind. Add that to the vegetation that grows naturally and the dead leaves and trees that fall every year, it basically becomes a big fire pit waiting to be ignited with the perfect storm. There are two types of burning to reduce debris: under burning and slash burning...
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...classification of burns that range from minor to severe. First degree burns, second degree burns and third degree burns. There are many causes of burn including sunburns, chemical or electrical burns and ones caused by fire. This paper will be and overview of the types of burns and there causes. It will also describe the best treatment for each type of burn and education of the patient. First-degree burns are minor and affect only the outer layer of the skin, the epidermis. They can cause pain, redness, and swelling and they can be erythematous, and dry. Usually, first degree burns do not require medical attention and can be given adequate attention and treatment at home. For minor,...
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...Ancient Science of Life Vol : XXV (3 & 4) January, February, March & April, May, June 2006 BURN WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF Euphorbia hirta Jaiprakash.B1, Chandramohan2, D.Narasimha Reddy1 CMR College of Pharmacy, C.A.No.5, Bhuvanagiri, OMBR Layout, Bangalore-560 043. 2 Bharathi College of Pharmacy, Bharathi Nagar, Mandya (Dt), Karnataka Received : 19-10-2005 Accepted : 12-12-2005 ABSTRACT The Ethanolic extract of whole plant of Euphorbia hirta was screened for burn wound healing activity in rats as 2% W/W cream. The study was carried out based on the assessment of percentage reduction in original wound. It showed significant burn wound healing activity. INTRODUCTION: Tissue damage from excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity or corrosive chemicals that destroy (denature) protein in the exposed cells is called a burn. Burns disrupt haemostasis because they destroy the protection afforded by the skin. They permit microbial invasion and infection, loss of body fluid and loss of thermoregulation.1 Several indigenous drugs have been described in Ayurveda (an ancient Indian system of Medicine) for the management of wounds and burns. Hence, in an attempt to study the wound healing activity of several locally available indigenous herbs, we studied and reported the wound healing activity of the ethonalic extract of the whole plant of Euphorbia hirta in various models like excision, incision and dead space wounds.2 In this communication we report the bourn wound healing activity of...
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...Nursing Role in Helping Burn Patient’s Coping Abilities with Body image and Self-esteem Abida Sultana NU201: Family Focused Nursing November 16, 2012 Part I: Clinical Narrative and Clinical Question: It was my 2nd pediatric clinical weekend; I was still trying to cope with my first clinical experiences at Shriners. I couldn’t sleep the night before, checked on my daughter several times (more than usual) to make sure she was safe. It was an overcast, dark, very quiet Saturday morning as I made my way into Shriner’s Hospital. All the way to the hospital from my home, the only thing on my mind was “who is waiting for me today”? Is the patient going to be a toddler, infant, or adolescent? Can he or she speak English? If not how am I going to communicate with him or her? My heart started beating even faster, while I was waiting for my instructor to come and take us to the patient floor. At 6:30, we went up to the 3rd floor and our instructor assigned each of us a patient. My patient Flora, is a thirteen year old adolescent female from Guatemala. She has sustained 70% body surface area flame burn including face, chest, and back, upper and lower extremities in November of 2001. It was a total mystery what had happened, how she was burned. The person who saved her stated that the patient’s legs were tied together by her sister. Some others stated that she was burned from the flames of the fire crackers. After going to the 7th floor...
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...Nneka Osuagwu American Government August 13, 2014 Burn, Baby, Burnnnn I don’t believe flag-burning is a violation of any law, and correlates with the first amendment. The first amendment states that congress shall make no law regarding an establishment of a religion, abridging the right to freedom of speech or of the press, or the right of people to assemble and petition against the government. The Flag Protection Act was created in opposition to the first amendment, and violated our rights. The destruction of the flag is not to soil the good name of our nation, but to protest certain government policies. Some Americans may feel that flag-burning is disrespectful not only towards our country, but directly to them. They may start to feel offended, but the government cannot prohibit the expression of ideas or freedom of speech just because the ideas are a bit offensive. The first amendment clearly states that congress shall make no law abridging the right to freedom of speech or press. The government cannot diminish our rights the moment we do something they do not like. The amendments were created in order to guarantee basic rights to all Americans, rights that the government cannot take from us. The Flag Protection Act was created in order to strip us from one of our rights, which is very unconstitutional. The destruction of the flag by citizens of America is not done to tarnish the name of our country or to offend other citizens, it’s done to protest certain government...
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...burns Chapter 10 MEASUREMENT IN MARKETING RESEARCH GENERAL CONCEPT MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. In the text, Maritz Research offers criteria for customer-satisfaction scales. Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria? a. be reliable b. be valid c. apply to a specific product or service d. be easy for respondents to relate to e. be symmetrically unbalanced Answer: (c) Difficulty: (Difficult) Page: 268 2. What are the basic question-response formats? a. unprobed, probed, and neutral b. open-ended, closed-ended, and skip patterned c. open-ended, closed-ended, and scaled-response d. closed-ended, continuous, open-ended e. open-ended, probed, general Answer: (c) Difficulty: (Easy) Page: 270 3. The question "What was your reaction to the Sony CD player advertisement you saw on television?" is an example of which response format? a. unprobed, open-ended b. unprobed, closed-ended c. scaled-response d. ad reaction measurement e. probed response Answer: (a) Difficulty: (Easy) Page: 271 4. If a researcher wanted the respondent to simply answer an open-ended question with no additional information, he/she would likely use a(n): a. open-ended, unprobed format b. open-ended, probed format c. closed-ended, probed format d. continuous response format e. general format Answer: (a) Difficulty: (Easy) Page: 271 5. Which of the following encourages...
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...|PLEASE KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN AND PETS. ALWAYS| |PLACE ON HEAT RESISTANT SURFACE AWAY FROM FLAMMABLE | |PLACE ON HEAT RESISTANT SURFACE AWAY FROM FLAMMABLE | |PLACE ON HEAT RESISTANT SURFACE AWAY FROM FLAMMABLE | |MATERIAL. HANDLE WITH CARE. GLASS MAY BECOME VERY | |MATERIAL. HANDLE WITH CARE. GLASS MAY BECOME VERY | |MATERIAL. HANDLE WITH CARE. GLASS MAY BECOME VERY | |HOT. ALWAYS TRIM WICK ¼ INCH AND REMOVE WICK DEBRIS. | |HOT. ALWAYS TRIM WICK ¼ INCH AND REMOVE WICK DEBRIS. | |HOT. ALWAYS TRIM WICK ¼ INCH AND REMOVE WICK DEBRIS. | |FOR BEST RESULTS DO NOT BURN CANDLE FOR MORE THAN 2 | |FOR BEST RESULTS DO NOT BURN CANDLE FOR MORE THAN 2 | |FOR BEST RESULTS DO NOT BURN CANDLE FOR MORE THAN 2 | |HOURS AT A TIME. NEVER BURN CANDLE COMPLETELY, | |HOURS AT A TIME. NEVER BURN CANDLE COMPLETELY, | |HOURS AT A TIME. NEVER BURN CANDLE COMPLETELY, | |DISCARD WHEN ½ INCH OF WAX REMAINS IN THE CONTAINER. | |DISCARD WHEN ½ INCH OF WAX REMAINS IN THE CONTAINER. | |DISCARD WHEN ½ INCH OF WAX...
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...By reading this poem it’s noticeable that this is a Louisianan’s poem. Nearly all of Sheryl St. Germain’s poems represent Louisiana’s culture, but the piece that sticks out the most is Hot Sauce. Even though at first glance the poem Hot Sauce seems to be about hot sauce, upon further inspection there is an underlying theme within. The theme is that pain may eventually produce pleasure. The poem Hot Sauce reads as a free verse poem. There appears to be no rhyme scheme, nor any ordered length. It is arranged in chronological order in a sequence of events. Some images described in the poem are how repulsive and disgusting her mother’s eggs appeared with the hot sauce smothered all over them. In the reading, the taste of the hot sauce seems gruesome, but towards the end of the last stanza it seems to become bearable and even likeable. She compares the sticking out of her tongue, waiting for the hot sauce, to her memories of the priests at Communion. In the preceding sentence, the hot sauce is compared to the fiery gates of hell in Catholicism; this describes how unbearable the hot sauce is for her. Shakespeare said that there is nothing neither good nor bad, but thinking makes it so. In this case, the hot sauce represents the bad, but it is actually just her state of mind. This is proved in the conclusion of the poem when she begins to like the hot sauce. She changed her state of mind by finding joy in something that once repulsed her. Through this we see that pleasure...
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...bottom of the essay may have expired. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- McDonalds coffee and the Liebeck lawsuit Lis Riba, 2000 Here are some facts about what really happened: At the trial, it was revealed: •McDonalds required their coffee kept at 185 degrees Fahrenheit, plus or minus 5 degrees, significantly higher than other establishments. [Coffee is usually served at 135 to 140 degrees] •An expert testified that 180 degree liquids will cause full thickness burns in 2 to 7 seconds. •McDonalds knew before this accident that burn hazards exist with any foods served above 140 degrees. •McDonalds knew that its coffee would burn drinkers at the temperature they served it. •McDonalds research showed that customers consumed coffee immediately while driving. •McDonalds knew of over 700 people burned by its coffee, including many third-degree burns similar to Ms. Liebeck's. •McDonalds had received previous requests from consumers and safety organizations to lower their coffee temperature. There were many things McDonalds could've done to prevent injuries: •lowering the holding temperature of their coffee, •putting warning labels on the cups not to drink immediately, •redesigning the...
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