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Features
• High Performance, Low Power Atmel®AVR® 8-Bit Microcontroller
• Advanced RISC Architecture















– 131 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
– 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 20 MIPS Throughput at 20MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
High Endurance Non-volatile Memory Segments
– 4/8/16/32KBytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash program memory
– 256/512/512/1KBytes EEPROM
– 512/1K/1K/2KBytes Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
– Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C(1)
– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
True Read-While-Write Operation
– Programming Lock for Software Security
Atmel® QTouch® library support
– Capacitive touch buttons, sliders and wheels
– QTouch and QMatrix® acquisition
– Up to 64 sense channels
Peripheral Features
– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode
– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture
Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Six PWM Channels
– 8-channel 10-bit ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package
Temperature Measurement
– 6-channel 10-bit ADC in PDIP Package
Temperature Measurement
– Programmable Serial USART
– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– Byte-oriented 2-wire Serial Interface (Philips I2C compatible)
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
– On-chip Analog Comparator
– Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Change
Special Microcontroller Features
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal Calibrated Oscillator
– External and Internal Interrupt Sources
– Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and Extended Standby
I/O and Packages
– 23 Programmable I/O Lines
– 28-pin PDIP, 32-lead TQFP, 28-pad QFN/MLF and 32-pad QFN/MLF
Operating Voltage:
– 1.8 - 5.5V
Temperature Range:
– -40°C to 85°C
Speed Grade:
– 0 - 4MHz@1.8 - 5.5V, 0 - 10MHz@2.7 - 5.5.V, 0 - 20MHz @ 4.5 - 5.5V
Power Consumption at 1MHz, 1.8V, 25°C
– Active Mode: 0.2mA
– Power-down Mode: 0.1µA
– Power-save Mode: 0.75µA (Including 32kHz RTC)

8-bit Atmel
Microcontroller
with 4/8/16/32K
Bytes In-System
Programmable
Flash
ATmega48A
ATmega48PA
ATmega88A
ATmega88PA
ATmega168A
ATmega168PA
ATmega328
ATmega328P
Summary

Rev. 8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
1. Pin Configurations
Figure 1-1.

Pinout ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
28 PDIP

PD2 (INT0/PCINT18)
PD1 (TXD/PCINT17)
PD0 (RXD/PCINT16)
PC6 (RESET/PCINT14)
PC5 (ADC5/SCL/PCINT13)
PC4 (ADC4/SDA/PCINT12)
PC3 (ADC3/PCINT11)
PC2 (ADC2/PCINT10)

32 TQFP Top View

32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25

(PCINT14/RESET) PC6
(PCINT16/RXD) PD0
(PCINT17/TXD) PD1
(PCINT18/INT0) PD2
(PCINT19/OC2B/INT1) PD3
(PCINT20/XCK/T0) PD4
VCC
GND
(PCINT6/XTAL1/TOSC1) PB6
(PCINT7/XTAL2/TOSC2) PB7
(PCINT21/OC0B/T1) PD5
(PCINT22/OC0A/AIN0) PD6
(PCINT23/AIN1) PD7
(PCINT0/CLKO/ICP1) PB0

24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

PC1 (ADC1/PCINT9)
PC0 (ADC0/PCINT8)
ADC7
GND
AREF
ADC6
AVCC
PB5 (SCK/PCINT5)

(PCINT21/OC0B/T1) PD5
(PCINT22/OC0A/AIN0) PD6
(PCINT23/AIN1) PD7
(PCINT0/CLKO/ICP1) PB0
(PCINT1/OC1A) PB1
(PCINT2/SS/OC1B) PB2
(PCINT3/OC2A/MOSI) PB3
(PCINT4/MISO) PB4

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

PD2 (INT0/PCINT18)
PD1 (TXD/PCINT17)
PD0 (RXD/PCINT16)
PC6 (RESET/PCINT14)
PC5 (ADC5/SCL/PCINT13)
PC4 (ADC4/SDA/PCINT12)
PC3 (ADC3/PCINT11)
PC2 (ADC2/PCINT10)
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25

PD2 (INT0/PCINT18)
PD1 (TXD/PCINT17)
PD0 (RXD/PCINT16)
PC6 (RESET/PCINT14)
PC5 (ADC5/SCL/PCINT13)
PC4 (ADC4/SDA/PCINT12)
PC3 (ADC3/PCINT11)

28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15

PC2 (ADC2/PCINT10)
PC1 (ADC1/PCINT9)
PC0 (ADC0/PCINT8)
GND
AREF
AVCC
PB5 (SCK/PCINT5)

Table 1-1.

(PCINT22/OC0A/AIN0) PD6
(PCINT23/AIN1) PD7
(PCINT0/CLKO/ICP1) PB0
(PCINT1/OC1A) PB1
(PCINT2/SS/OC1B) PB2
(PCINT3/OC2A/MOSI) PB3
(PCINT4/MISO) PB4

NOTE: Bottom pad should be soldered to ground.

(PCINT19/OC2B/INT1) PD3
(PCINT20/XCK/T0) PD4
GND
VCC
GND
VCC
(PCINT6/XTAL1/TOSC1) PB6
(PCINT7/XTAL2/TOSC2) PB7

24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

PC1 (ADC1/PCINT9)
PC0 (ADC0/PCINT8)
ADC7
GND
AREF
ADC6
AVCC
PB5 (SCK/PCINT5)

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

8
9
10
11
12
13
14

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

PC5 (ADC5/SCL/PCINT13)
PC4 (ADC4/SDA/PCINT12)
PC3 (ADC3/PCINT11)
PC2 (ADC2/PCINT10)
PC1 (ADC1/PCINT9)
PC0 (ADC0/PCINT8)
GND
AREF
AVCC
PB5 (SCK/PCINT5)
PB4 (MISO/PCINT4)
PB3 (MOSI/OC2A/PCINT3)
PB2 (SS/OC1B/PCINT2)
PB1 (OC1A/PCINT1)

32 MLF Top View

28 MLF Top View

(PCINT19/OC2B/INT1) PD3
(PCINT20/XCK/T0) PD4
VCC
GND
(PCINT6/XTAL1/TOSC1) PB6
(PCINT7/XTAL2/TOSC2) PB7
(PCINT21/OC0B/T1) PD5

28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15

NOTE: Bottom pad should be soldered to ground.

(PCINT21/OC0B/T1) PD5
(PCINT22/OC0A/AIN0) PD6
(PCINT23/AIN1) PD7
(PCINT0/CLKO/ICP1) PB0
(PCINT1/OC1A) PB1
(PCINT2/SS/OC1B) PB2
(PCINT3/OC2A/MOSI) PB3
(PCINT4/MISO) PB4

(PCINT19/OC2B/INT1) PD3
(PCINT20/XCK/T0) PD4
GND
VCC
GND
VCC
(PCINT6/XTAL1/TOSC1) PB6
(PCINT7/XTAL2/TOSC2) PB7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

32UFBGA - Pinout ATmega48A/48PA/88A/88PA/168A/168PA
1

2

3

4

5

6

A

PD2

PD1

PC6

PC4

PC2

PC1

B

PD3

PD4

PD0

PC5

PC3

PC0

C

GND

GND

ADC7

GND

D

VDD

VDD

AREF

ADC6

E

PB6

PD6

PB0

PB2

AVDD

PB5

F

PB7

PD5

PD7

PB1

PB3

PB4

2
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
1.1
1.1.1

Pin Descriptions
VCC
Digital supply voltage.

1.1.2

GND
Ground.

1.1.3

Port B (PB7:0) XTAL1/XTAL2/TOSC1/TOSC2
Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port B output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.
Depending on the clock selection fuse settings, PB6 can be used as input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.
Depending on the clock selection fuse settings, PB7 can be used as output from the inverting
Oscillator amplifier.
If the Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator is used as chip clock source, PB7...6 is used as
TOSC2...1 input for the Asynchronous Timer/Counter2 if the AS2 bit in ASSR is set.
The various special features of Port B are elaborated in ”Alternate Functions of Port B” on page
84 and ”System Clock and Clock Options” on page 27.

1.1.4

Port C (PC5:0)
Port C is a 7-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
PC5...0 output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port C pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port C pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

1.1.5

PC6/RESET
If the RSTDISBL Fuse is programmed, PC6 is used as an I/O pin. Note that the electrical characteristics of PC6 differ from those of the other pins of Port C.
If the RSTDISBL Fuse is unprogrammed, PC6 is used as a Reset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a Reset, even if the clock is not running.
The minimum pulse length is given in Table 29-12 on page 324. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate a Reset.
The various special features of Port C are elaborated in ”Alternate Functions of Port C” on page
87.

1.1.6

Port D (PD7:0)
Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The
Port D output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port D pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port D pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.

3
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
The various special features of Port D are elaborated in ”Alternate Functions of Port D” on page
90.
1.1.7

AVCC
AVCC is the supply voltage pin for the A/D Converter, PC3:0, and ADC7:6. It should be externally connected to VCC, even if the ADC is not used. If the ADC is used, it should be connected to VCC through a low-pass filter. Note that PC6...4 use digital supply voltage, VCC.

1.1.8

AREF
AREF is the analog reference pin for the A/D Converter.

1.1.9

ADC7:6 (TQFP and QFN/MLF Package Only)
In the TQFP and QFN/MLF package, ADC7:6 serve as analog inputs to the A/D converter.
These pins are powered from the analog supply and serve as 10-bit ADC channels.

4
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P

2. Overview
The ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

Block Diagram
Block Diagram
GND

Figure 2-1.

VCC

2.1

Watchdog
Timer
Watchdog
Oscillator

Oscillator
Circuits /
Clock
Generation

Power
Supervision
POR / BOD &
RESET

debugWIRE

Flash

SRAM

PROGRAM
LOGIC

CPU
EEPROM
AVCC
AREF
GND

16bit T/C 1

8bit T/C 2

Analog
Comp.

Internal
Bandgap

SPI

TWI

PORT D (8)

PORT B (8)

2

A/D Conv.

USART 0

DATABUS

8bit T/C 0

PORT C (7)

6

RESET
XTAL[1..2]
PD[0..7]

PB[0..7]

PC[0..6]

ADC[6..7]

The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the
32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting

5
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.
The ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P provides the following features: 4K/8Kbytes of InSystem Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 256/512/512/1Kbytes
EEPROM, 512/1K/1K/2Kbytes SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, three flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, a serial programmable USART, a byte-oriented 2-wire Serial Interface, an SPI serial port, a 6-channel 10-bit ADC (8 channels in TQFP and QFN/MLF packages), a programmable
Watchdog Timer with internal Oscillator, and five software selectable power saving modes. The
Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, USART, 2-wire Serial Interface, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except asynchronous timer and ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions. In Standby mode, the crystal/resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This allows very fast start-up combined with low power consumption.
Atmel® offers the QTouch® library for embedding capacitive touch buttons, sliders and wheels functionality into AVR® microcontrollers. The patented charge-transfer signal acquisition offers robust sensing and includes fully debounced reporting of touch keys and includes Adjacent Key
Suppression® (AKS™) technology for unambiguous detection of key events. The easy-to-use
QTouch Suite toolchain allows you to explore, develop and debug your own touch applications.
The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density non-volatile memory technology. The
On-chip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed In-System through an SPI serial interface, by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer, or by an On-chip Boot program running on the AVR core. The Boot program can use any interface to download the application program in the Application Flash memory. Software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P is a powerful microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.
The ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C Compilers, Macro Assemblers, Program Debugger/Simulators, In-Circuit Emulators, and Evaluation kits.

2.2

Comparison Between Processors
The ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P differ only in memory sizes, boot loader support, and interrupt vector sizes. Table 2-1 summarizes the different memory and interrupt vector sizes for the devices.
Table 2-1.

Memory Size Summary

Device

Flash

EEPROM

RAM

Interrupt Vector Size

ATmega48A

4KBytes

256Bytes

512Bytes

1 instruction word/vector

ATmega48PA

4KBytes

256Bytes

512Bytes

1 instruction word/vector

ATmega88A

8KBytes

512Bytes

1KBytes

1 instruction word/vector

6
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
Table 2-1.

Memory Size Summary (Continued)

Device

Flash

EEPROM

RAM

Interrupt Vector Size

ATmega88PA

8KBytes

512Bytes

1KBytes

1 instruction word/vector

ATmega168A

16KBytes

512Bytes

1KBytes

2 instruction words/vector

ATmega168PA

16KBytes

512Bytes

1KBytes

2 instruction words/vector

ATmega328

32KBytes

1KBytes

2KBytes

2 instruction words/vector

ATmega328P

32KBytes

1KBytes

2KBytes

2 instruction words/vector

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P support a real Read-While-Write Self-Programming mechanism. There is a separate Boot Loader Section, and the SPM instruction can only execute from there. In ATmega 48A/48PA there is no Read-While-Write support and no separate Boot
Loader Section. The SPM instruction can execute from the entire Flash.

7
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P

3. Resources
A comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheets are available for download on http://www.atmel.com/avr.
Note:

1.

4. Data Retention
Reliability Qualification results show that the projected data retention failure rate is much less than 1 PPM over 20 years at 85°C or 100 years at 25°C.

5. About Code Examples
This documentation contains simple code examples that briefly show how to use various parts of the device. These code examples assume that the part specific header file is included before compilation. Be aware that not all C compiler vendors include bit definitions in the header files and interrupt handling in C is compiler dependent. Please confirm with the C compiler documentation for more details.
For I/O Registers located in extended I/O map, “IN”, “OUT”, “SBIS”, “SBIC”, “CBI”, and “SBI” instructions must be replaced with instructions that allow access to extended I/O. Typically
“LDS” and “STS” combined with “SBRS”, “SBRC”, “SBR”, and “CBR”.

6. Capacitive Touch Sensing
The Atmel® QTouch® Library provides a simple to use solution to realize touch sensitive interfaces on most Atmel AVR® microcontrollers. The QTouch Library includes support for the Atmel
QTouch and Atmel QMatrix® acquisition methods.
Touch sensing can be added to any application by linking the appropriate Atmel QTouch Library for the AVR Microcontroller. This is done by using a simple set of APIs to define the touch channels and sensors, and then calling the touch sensing API’s to retrieve the channel information and determine the touch sensor states.
The QTouch Library is FREE and downloadable from the Atmel website at the following location: www.atmel.com/qtouchlibrary. For implementation details and other information, refer to the
Atmel QTouch Library User Guide - also available for download from Atmel website.

8
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
7. Register Summary
Address

Name

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

(0xFF)

Reserved

















(0xFE)

Reserved

















(0xFD)

Reserved

















(0xFC)

Reserved

















(0xFB)

Reserved

















(0xFA)

Reserved

















(0xF9)

Reserved

















(0xF8)

Reserved

















(0xF7)

Reserved

















(0xF6)

Reserved

















(0xF5)

Reserved

















(0xF4)

Reserved

















(0xF3)

Reserved

















(0xF2)

Reserved

















(0xF1)

Reserved

















(0xF0)

Reserved

















(0xEF)

Reserved

















(0xEE)

Reserved

















(0xED)

Reserved

















(0xEC)

Reserved

















(0xEB)

Reserved

















(0xEA)

Reserved

















(0xE9)

Reserved

















(0xE8)

Reserved

















(0xE7)

Reserved

















(0xE6)

Reserved

















(0xE5)

Reserved

















(0xE4)

Reserved

















(0xE3)

Reserved

















(0xE2)

Reserved

















(0xE1)

Reserved

















(0xE0)

Reserved

















(0xDF)

Reserved

















(0xDE)

Reserved

















(0xDD)

Reserved

















(0xDC)

Reserved

















(0xDB)

Reserved

















(0xDA)

Reserved

















(0xD9)

Reserved

















(0xD8)

Reserved

















(0xD7)

Reserved

















(0xD6)

Reserved

















(0xD5)

Reserved

















(0xD4)

Reserved

















(0xD3)

Reserved

















(0xD2)

Reserved

















(0xD1)

Reserved

















(0xD0)

Reserved

















(0xCF)

Reserved

















(0xCE)

Reserved

















(0xCD)

Reserved

















(0xCC)

Reserved

















(0xCB)

Reserved

















(0xCA)

Reserved

















(0xC9)

Reserved

















(0xC8)

Reserved

















(0xC7)

Reserved

















(0xC6)

UDR0

(0xC5)

UBRR0H

Page

USART I/O Data Register

201
USART Baud Rate Register High

(0xC4)

UBRR0L

(0xC3)

Reserved





205

USART Baud Rate Register Low


205











(0xC2)

UCSR0C

UMSEL01

UMSEL00

UPM01

UPM00

USBS0

UCSZ01 /UDORD0

UCSZ00 / UCPHA0

UCPOL0

(0xC1)

UCSR0B

RXCIE0

TXCIE0

UDRIE0

RXEN0

TXEN0

UCSZ02

RXB80

TXB80

202

(0xC0)

UCSR0A

RXC0

TXC0

UDRE0

FE0

DOR0

UPE0

U2X0

MPCM0

201

203/214

9
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
Address

Name

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

(0xBF)

Reserved

















Page



(0xBE)

Reserved















(0xBD)

TWAMR

TWAM6

TWAM5

TWAM4

TWAM3

TWAM2

TWAM1

TWAM0



246

(0xBC)

TWCR

TWINT

TWEA

TWSTA

TWSTO

TWWC

TWEN



TWIE

243

(0xBB)

TWDR

(0xBA)

TWAR

TWA6

TWA5

TWA4

TWS7

TWS6

TWS5

2-wire Serial Interface Data Register

(0xB9)

TWSR

(0xB8)

TWBR

(0xB7)

Reserved



(0xB6)

ASSR



(0xB5)

Reserved



245

TWA3

TWA2

TWA1

TWA0

TWGCE

246

TWS4

TWS3



TWPS1

TWPS0

245

2-wire Serial Interface Bit Rate Register

243













EXCLK

AS2

TCN2UB

OCR2AUB

OCR2BUB

TCR2AUB

TCR2BUB















166

(0xB4)

OCR2B

Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Register B

164

(0xB3)

OCR2A

Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Register A

164

(0xB2)

TCNT2

(0xB1)

TCCR2B

FOC2A

FOC2B



Timer/Counter2 (8-bit)


WGM22

CS22

CS21

CS20

164
163

(0xB0)

TCCR2A

COM2A1

COM2A0

COM2B1

COM2B0





WGM21

WGM20

160

(0xAF)

Reserved

















(0xAE)

Reserved

















(0xAD)

Reserved

















(0xAC)

Reserved

















(0xAB)

Reserved

















(0xAA)

Reserved

















(0xA9)

Reserved

















(0xA8)

Reserved

















(0xA7)

Reserved

















(0xA6)

Reserved

















(0xA5)

Reserved

















(0xA4)

Reserved

















(0xA3)

Reserved

















(0xA2)

Reserved

















(0xA1)

Reserved

















(0xA0)

Reserved

















(0x9F)

Reserved

















(0x9E)

Reserved

















(0x9D)

Reserved

















(0x9C)

Reserved

















(0x9B)

Reserved

















(0x9A)

Reserved

















(0x99)

Reserved

















(0x98)

Reserved

















(0x97)

Reserved

















(0x96)

Reserved

















(0x95)

Reserved

















(0x94)

Reserved

















(0x93)

Reserved

















(0x92)

Reserved

















(0x91)

Reserved

















(0x90)

Reserved

















(0x8F)

Reserved

















(0x8E)

Reserved

















(0x8D)

Reserved

















(0x8C)

Reserved

















(0x8B)

OCR1BH

Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register B High Byte

140

(0x8A)

OCR1BL

Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register B Low Byte

140

(0x89)

OCR1AH

Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register A High Byte

140

(0x88)

OCR1AL

Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register A Low Byte

140

(0x87)

ICR1H

Timer/Counter1 - Input Capture Register High Byte

140

(0x86)

ICR1L

Timer/Counter1 - Input Capture Register Low Byte

140

(0x85)

TCNT1H

Timer/Counter1 - Counter Register High Byte

140

(0x84)

TCNT1L

Timer/Counter1 - Counter Register Low Byte

140

(0x83)

Reserved















(0x82)

TCCR1C

FOC1A

FOC1B













(0x81)

TCCR1B

ICNC1

ICES1



WGM13

WGM12

CS12

CS11

CS10

138

(0x80)

TCCR1A

COM1A1

COM1A0

COM1B1

COM1B0





WGM11

WGM10

136

(0x7F)

DIDR1













AIN1D

AIN0D

251

(0x7E)

DIDR0





ADC5D

ADC4D

ADC3D

ADC2D

ADC1D

ADC0D

268


139

10
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
Address

Name

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

(0x7D)

Reserved

















(0x7C)

ADMUX

REFS1

REFS0

ADLAR



MUX3

MUX2

MUX1

MUX0

264

(0x7B)

ADCSRB



ACME







ADTS2

ADTS1

ADTS0

267

(0x7A)

ADCSRA

ADEN

ADSC

ADATE

ADIF

ADIE

ADPS2

ADPS1

ADPS0

(0x79)

ADCH

ADC Data Register High byte

Page

265
267

(0x78)

ADCL

(0x77)

Reserved







ADC Data Register Low byte










267

(0x76)

Reserved

















(0x75)

Reserved

















(0x74)

Reserved

















(0x73)

Reserved

















(0x72)

Reserved

















(0x71)

Reserved

















(0x70)

TIMSK2











OCIE2B

OCIE2A

TOIE2

165

(0x6F)

TIMSK1





ICIE1





OCIE1B

OCIE1A

TOIE1

141

(0x6E)

TIMSK0











OCIE0B

OCIE0A

TOIE0

113

(0x6D)

PCMSK2

PCINT23

PCINT22

PCINT21

PCINT20

PCINT19

PCINT18

PCINT17

PCINT16

76

(0x6C)

PCMSK1



PCINT14

PCINT13

PCINT12

PCINT11

PCINT10

PCINT9

PCINT8

76

(0x6B)

PCMSK0

PCINT7

PCINT6

PCINT5

PCINT4

PCINT3

PCINT2

PCINT1

PCINT0

76

(0x6A)

Reserved

















(0x69)

EICRA









ISC11

ISC10

ISC01

ISC00

(0x68)

PCICR











PCIE2

PCIE1

PCIE0

(0x67)

Reserved

















(0x66)

OSCCAL

(0x65)

Reserved

















(0x64)

PRR

PRTWI

PRTIM2

PRTIM0



PRTIM1

PRSPI

PRUSART0

PRADC

(0x63)

Reserved

















(0x62)

Reserved

















(0x61)

CLKPR

CLKPCE







CLKPS3

CLKPS2

CLKPS1

CLKPS0

38

(0x60)

WDTCSR

WDIF

WDIE

WDP3

WDCE

WDE

WDP2

WDP1

WDP0

56

0x3F (0x5F)

SREG

I

T

H

S

V

N

Z

C

10

0x3E (0x5E)

SPH











(SP10) 5.

SP9

SP8

13

0x3D (0x5D)

SPL

SP7

SP6

SP5

SP4

SP3

SP2

SP1

SP0

13

0x3C (0x5C)

Reserved

















0x3B (0x5B)

Reserved

















0x3A (0x5A)

Reserved

















0x39 (0x59)

Reserved

















0x38 (0x58)

Reserved

















0x37 (0x57)

SPMCSR

SPMIE

(RWWSB)5.



(RWWSRE)5.

BLBSET

PGWRT

PGERS

SELFPRGEN

0x36 (0x56)

Reserved

















0x35 (0x55)

MCUCR



BODS(6)

BODSE(6)

PUD





IVSEL

IVCE

0x34 (0x54)

MCUSR









WDRF

BORF

EXTRF

PORF

56

0x33 (0x53)

SMCR









SM2

SM1

SM0

SE

41

0x32 (0x52)

Reserved

















0x31 (0x51)

Reserved

















0x30 (0x50)

ACSR

ACD

ACBG

ACO

ACI

ACIE

ACIC

ACIS1

ACIS0

0x2F (0x4F)

Reserved

















0x2E (0x4E)

SPDR

0x2D (0x4D)

SPSR

SPIF

WCOL











SPI2X

176

0x2C (0x4C)

SPCR

SPIE

SPE

DORD

MSTR

CPOL

CPHA

SPR1

SPR0

175

0x2B (0x4B)

GPIOR2

General Purpose I/O Register 2

0x2A (0x4A)

GPIOR1

General Purpose I/O Register 1

0x29 (0x49)

Reserved

0x28 (0x48)

OCR0B

Timer/Counter0 Output Compare Register B

0x27 (0x47)

OCR0A

Timer/Counter0 Output Compare Register A

0x26 (0x46)

TCNT0

0x25 (0x45)

TCCR0B

FOC0A

FOC0B





WGM02

CS02

CS01

CS00

0x24 (0x44)

TCCR0A

COM0A1

COM0A0

COM0B1

COM0B0





WGM01

WGM00

0x23 (0x43)

GTCCR

TSM











PSRASY

PSRSYNC

0x22 (0x42)

EEARH

(EEPROM Address Register High Byte) 5.

0x21 (0x41)

EEARL

EEPROM Address Register Low Byte

22

0x20 (0x40)

EEDR

EEPROM Data Register

22

Oscillator Calibration Register

38

SPI Data Register









73

43

295
46/70/94

249
177

26
26









Timer/Counter0 (8-bit)

0x1F (0x3F)

EECR

0x1E (0x3E)

GPIOR0





EEPM1

EEPM0

0x1D (0x3D)

EIMSK









0x1C (0x3C)

EIFR









EERIE

145/167
22

EEMPE

EEPE

EERE

22





INT1

INT0

74





INTF1

INTF0

74

General Purpose I/O Register 0

26

11
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
Address

Name

Bit 7

Bit 6

Bit 5

Bit 4

Bit 3

Bit 2

Bit 1

Bit 0

0x1B (0x3B)

PCIFR











PCIF2

PCIF1

PCIF0

Page

0x1A (0x3A)

Reserved

















0x19 (0x39)

Reserved

















0x18 (0x38)

Reserved

















0x17 (0x37)

TIFR2











OCF2B

OCF2A

TOV2

165

0x16 (0x36)

TIFR1





ICF1





OCF1B

OCF1A

TOV1

141

0x15 (0x35)

TIFR0











OCF0B

OCF0A

TOV0

0x14 (0x34)

Reserved

















0x13 (0x33)

Reserved

















0x12 (0x32)

Reserved

















0x11 (0x31)

Reserved

















0x10 (0x30)

Reserved

















0x0F (0x2F)

Reserved

















0x0E (0x2E)

Reserved

















0x0D (0x2D)

Reserved

















0x0C (0x2C)

Reserved

















0x0B (0x2B)

PORTD

PORTD7

PORTD6

PORTD5

PORTD4

PORTD3

PORTD2

PORTD1

PORTD0

95

0x0A (0x2A)

DDRD

DDD7

DDD6

DDD5

DDD4

DDD3

DDD2

DDD1

DDD0

95

0x09 (0x29)

PIND

PIND7

PIND6

PIND5

PIND4

PIND3

PIND2

PIND1

PIND0

95

0x08 (0x28)

PORTC



PORTC6

PORTC5

PORTC4

PORTC3

PORTC2

PORTC1

PORTC0

94

0x07 (0x27)

DDRC



DDC6

DDC5

DDC4

DDC3

DDC2

DDC1

DDC0

94

0x06 (0x26)

PINC



PINC6

PINC5

PINC4

PINC3

PINC2

PINC1

PINC0

94

0x05 (0x25)

PORTB

PORTB7

PORTB6

PORTB5

PORTB4

PORTB3

PORTB2

PORTB1

PORTB0

94

0x04 (0x24)

DDRB

DDB7

DDB6

DDB5

DDB4

DDB3

DDB2

DDB1

DDB0

94

0x03 (0x23)

PINB

PINB7

PINB6

PINB5

PINB4

PINB3

PINB2

PINB1

PINB0

94

0x02 (0x22)

Reserved

















0x01 (0x21)

Reserved

















0x0 (0x20)

Reserved

















Note:

1. For compatibility with future devices, reserved bits should be written to zero if accessed. Reserved I/O memory addresses should never be written.
2. I/O Registers within the address range 0x00 - 0x1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and CBI instructions. In these registers, the value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instructions.
3. Some of the Status Flags are cleared by writing a logical one to them. Note that, unlike most other AVRs, the CBI and SBI instructions will only operate on the specified bit, and can therefore be used on registers containing such Status Flags. The
CBI and SBI instructions work with registers 0x00 to 0x1F only.
4. When using the I/O specific commands IN and OUT, the I/O addresses 0x00 - 0x3F must be used. When addressing I/O
Registers as data space using LD and ST instructions, 0x20 must be added to these addresses. The
ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P is a complex microcontroller with more peripheral units than can be supported within the 64 location reserved in Opcode for the IN and OUT instructions. For the Extended I/O space from 0x60 - 0xFF in
SRAM, only the ST/STS/STD and LD/LDS/LDD instructions can be used.
5. Only valid for ATmega88A/88PA/168A/168PA/328/328P.
6. BODS and BODSE only available for picoPower devices ATmega48PA/88PA/168PA/328P

12
8271DS–AVR–05/11

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
8. Instruction Set Summary
Mnemonics

Operands

Description

Operation

Flags

#Clocks

ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC INSTRUCTIONS
ADD

Rd, Rr

Add two Registers

Rd ← Rd + Rr

Z,C,N,V,H

ADC

Rd, Rr

Add with Carry two Registers

Rd ← Rd + Rr + C

Z,C,N,V,H

1

ADIW

Rdl,K

Add Immediate to Word

Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl + K

Z,C,N,V,S

2

SUB

Rd, Rr

Subtract two Registers

Rd ← Rd - Rr

Z,C,N,V,H

1

SUBI

Rd, K

Subtract Constant from Register

Rd ← Rd - K

Z,C,N,V,H

1

SBC

Rd, Rr

Subtract with Carry two Registers

Rd ← Rd - Rr - C

Z,C,N,V,H

1

SBCI

Rd, K

Subtract with Carry Constant from Reg.

Rd ← Rd - K - C

Z,C,N,V,H

1

SBIW

Rdl,K

Subtract Immediate from Word

Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl - K

Z,C,N,V,S

2

AND

Rd, Rr

Logical AND Registers

Rd ← Rd • Rr

Z,N,V

1

ANDI

Rd, K

Logical AND Register and Constant

Rd ← Rd • K

Z,N,V

1

OR

Rd, Rr

Logical OR Registers

Rd ← Rd v Rr

Z,N,V

1

ORI

Rd, K

Logical OR Register and Constant

Rd ← Rd v K

Z,N,V

1

EOR

Rd, Rr

Exclusive OR Registers

Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rr

Z,N,V

1

1

COM

Rd

One’s Complement

Rd ← 0xFF − Rd

Z,C,N,V

1

NEG

Rd

Two’s Complement

Rd ← 0x00 − Rd

Z,C,N,V,H

1

SBR

Rd,K

Set Bit(s) in Register

Rd ← Rd v K

Z,N,V

1

CBR

Rd,K

Clear Bit(s) in Register

Rd ← Rd • (0xFF - K)

Z,N,V

1

INC

Rd

Increment

Rd ← Rd + 1

Z,N,V

1

DEC

Rd

Decrement

Rd ← Rd − 1

Z,N,V

1

TST

Rd

Test for Zero or Minus

Rd ← Rd • Rd

Z,N,V

1

CLR

Rd

Clear Register

Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rd

Z,N,V

1

SER

Rd

Set Register

Rd ← 0xFF

None

1

MUL

Rd, Rr

Multiply Unsigned

R1:R0 ← Rd x Rr

Z,C

2

MULS

Rd, Rr

Multiply Signed

R1:R0 ← Rd x Rr

Z,C

2

MULSU

Rd, Rr

Multiply Signed with Unsigned

R1:R0 ← Rd x Rr

Z,C

2

FMUL

Rd, Rr

Fractional Multiply Unsigned

R1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr)

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