...College Moreno Valley Campus Administration of Justice – ADJ 15 Narcotics Spring 2012 Caffeine By: Dennis Bustamante With revenues of over 11 billion dollars last year alone and nearly seventeen thousand shops in 40 countries, Starbucks is clearly the world's top coffee retailer. The coffee house has become so well known by their endless list of delicious drink that they no longer have to print their name on the cups and people will still know the logo. The average Starbucks customer visits the store 6 times per month while a loyal 20% of customers go to the stores 16 times per month. But what is it about this coffee that has customers constantly coming back for more? It’s not only the delightful taste, or the pick-me-up that it provides, but it’s addictive use of caffeine in the ingredients. Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug. Caffeine is found in many plant and seed species such as the cocoa leaf, coffee beans, and tea leaves which explains why it is found in many drinks such as coffee, tea, soda, energy drinks and even chocolate. Caffeine has been found to have addictive tendencies and can also lead to different psychological illnesses. Caffeine was first isolated from coffee in 1820 by the German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge, and then independently in 1821 by French chemists Pierre Robiquet. Although caffeine was discovered in early 1800’s people have been drinking coffee as far back as the early ninth...
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...Caffeine is Beneficial to your Health Evelyn K. Polanco Calhoun Community College General Point: To Persuade Specific Goal: To prove caffeine can be beneficial when used properly. I. It is estimated that in North America between 80 and 90 % of adults and children habitually consume caffeine. However, 15% of the general population report having stopped caffeine uses citing concern about health and unpleasant side effects. II. For centuries the use of caffeine has been a subject of controversy. Many researchers have blamed caffeine for potential health harms. But is it true? Can caffeine have more negative effects on you rather than positive effects? III. I am here today to discuss why I think caffeine should be included in your everyday diet. I am going to tell you what exactly caffeine is, its negative effects, and the curative effects of caffeine and how it can improve your overall health. I. What is Caffeine? A. According to the University of Michigan Caffeine is possibly the most popular and widely used drug. 1. It is considered a drug because it stimulates the central nervous system. a. Stimulates the central nervous system, the brain and spinal cord. 2. Once the central nervous system is relax b. People may experience an increase in alertness, improvement in mood and a temporary boost of energy. II. What are the negative side effects of caffeine? A. Caffeine blocks adenosine a chemical that tells...
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...• The topic of my speech is going to be on caffeine and how it effects your body. • How many of you consider yourself as caffeine addicts? How much coffee do you drink a day? One cup? Two cups? More? How about caffeinated sodas? • Caffeine is spreading in our society these days. • every now and then, we hear about how good and bad caffeine is for us. • Today I'd like to give you some of the facts about caffeine and its effects on your body. • It may or may not cause you to change your coffee consumption but at least you'll be better informed about what you are putting into your body. • What is caffeine? • Caffeine is a drug that is naturally produced in the leaves and seeds of many plants. • It's also produced artificially and added to certain foods such as candy, soda and energy drinks. • Caffeine is defined as a drug because it stimulates the central nervous system, causing increased alertness. • Today, I'm going to talk about where caffeine comes from, the beneficial effects of caffeine and the negative effects of caffeine. • More than 80% of the adult population drink coffee regularly. • Children also have caffeine intake as they also consume chocolates, sodas and iced teas. • It is estimated that an average person can consume up to 70 mg of caffeine per day. • So, where to do we get it? Where does caffeine come from? • Although most caffeinated beverages have a dark color, caffeine is actually a white, bitter-tasting, crystalline substance. ...
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...Caffeine is the most-widely consumed psychoactive substance by human beings throughout the world (Reid, 2005). This report will detail its natural origins, chemical structure (as well as those of similar substances), and the methods and dosages in which it is rendered into its usable form. Additionally, this report will detail caffeine's various biological pathways within the human body, including access to the brain and various neurotransmitter pathways. Caffeine is a chemical that occurs naturally in over 100 plant species throughout the world (Steffen, 2000). Perhaps the most widely recognized of these plants is the coffee tree, whose small seed (commonly referred to as a "bean") is roasted and then crushed into a fine powder (Weinberg and Bealer, 2001). Caffeine also occurs naturally in cocoa beans, tea leaves, kola nuts, and gurana seeds, and mate. Some of these plants, such as tea, actually bear a distinct, but similar chemical to caffeine (i.e. theophylline); these chemicals will be discussed further in the chemistry section (Steffen, 2000). Caffeine is chemically known by two names. The first is 1,3,7 -trimethylxanthine; the second is 3,7,-Dihydro-1,3,7- trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione. Historically, caffeine has also gone by the name of methyltheobromine, as well as thein (Weinberg and Bealer, 2001). The chemical formula of caffeine is C8 H10 N4 O2. The molecular weight for this chemical is 194.19 atomic units. Its composition...
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...The Truth about Coco Cola Have you ever ate a delicious meal and washed it down with a cold refreshing Coke? Does it quench your thirst and drive you to drink more. The fizz bubbling in your mouth, the smooth taste running down your throat. The sensation it gives when it hits your stomach! Who cares if it’s filled with calories and makes you fat? Coke soda mesmerizes our health consciousness. Why worry about working out, and trying to get a six pack when you can purchase one at super value? According to The Coco Cola Company this drink has a rich history and it brings people together. The Company itself is good corporate citizen. From its inception it has always supported the community and people in need. The beverage is served in the comfort of our home, after dinner, at work after a business meeting, or even when we socialize with friends. Whatever the setting is , it brings a great feeling to everyone that puts their lips to a glass, bottle or can. However, Beyond the surface of this great invention are some shocking revelations. These Shocking Discoveries will change your whole outlook of The Coco Cola Beverage. The Basic Ingredients in a Coke soda includes : 3 grams of Coco Leaf Extract; Citric Acid, the Kola Nut ( which produces caffine a very addictive ingredient, sugar water; lime juice, vanilla and Caramel. The Story of this product began in 1885 with an alcoholic beverage called Pemberton’s French wine Coca. It was created...
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...EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE ON AEROBIC CAPACITY Introduction Caffeine is one of the most consumed drugs in the world today, with Australians consuming an estimated 232mg per day on average (Heckman et al. 2010). It is found in many beverages, including coffee, tea, and many energy drinks. Studies suggest the drug increases wakefulness and apparent alertness due to the effects it has on one’s body - caffeine is absorbed within a period of 45 minutes after ingestion, and binds to adenosine receptors located in the central nervous system, blocking the neurotransmitter adenosine which causes neural activity - the rate of firing of central neurons - to slow. Since adenosine is unable to bind to the receptors, the neurotransmitter is unable to slow neural...
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...Physiological Effects of Caffeine: (Note that the doses of caffeine required to produce such effects, and the severity of those effects, varies between individuals.) CARDIOVASCULAR (-) Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor and stimulant. (-) Caffeine often increases blood pressure by contracting the heart and blood vessels in non-habitual users. Effects usually subside after 3 – 4 h. (-) Caffeine changes the electro-physiological activity of the heart, increasing conductivity, even in limited doses. (-) Heavy caffeine consumption raises (by about 2 mmol/L)the plasma levels of homocystine, a risk factor for heart disease. (-) Caffeine raises plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels in non-habitual users. (-) Coffee intake may raise serum cholesterol levels. Intakes of 5+ cups of unfiltered have been shown to raise cholesterol levels by 0.5 – 1.0 mmol/L (20 – 40 mg/dL). GASTROINTESTINAL (-) Caffeine stimulates gastric secretion. Some individuals are sensitive to caffeine and suffer ill effects such as acid indigestion, heartburn, abdominal pain, gas or constipation to varying degrees. (-) Coffee can cause emesis (vomiting) (-) Caffeine inhibits vassopressin, it acts as a powerful diuretic (it increases urination.) (-) Liver metabolism is effected by methylxanthines such as caffeine. It increases the levels of cyclic AMP and decreases the level of branched chain and aromatic amino acids in plasma. MUSCULAR/SKELETAL (-) Caffeine can mobilize calcium from cells and may lead...
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...Case Studies 2 Caffeine is a popular central nervous stimulant currently found in over sixty plants. There are approximately 90% of individuals who use caffeine regularly in their day to day lives. Caffeine has been added to several items to include food, drinks and even medications to either relieve drowsiness or enhance the effect of pain killers. If not careful with the intake of this stimulant it can cause side effects that may result in serious short or long term complications. Because it targets the central nervous system, the effects may be seen in as little as 15 minutes and should be limited by those who suffer from certain medical conditions or pregnant women as it can result in low birth rate and even miscarriage. Individuals who ingest caffeine regularly and suddenly stop often suffer from caffeine withdrawals within 12-24 hours which leads to symptom such as irritability, temporary depression, and headaches (Mandal,2014). Caffeine Consumption: How much is too much? Caffeine is found in our most favorable consumables to include chocolate, colas, and coffee; these three very rich substances also account for the daily caffeine intake. According to the BBC, an individual should not exceed more than 400mg. of caffeine per day. Since caffeine is a chemical produced from various plants, it was originally designed to kill insects and bugs that tried to eat them which in-turn stimulate a humans central nervous system, respiration, and heart rate. Caffeine can affect the...
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...Abstract Caffeine is an alkaloid stimulant with a cyclic backbone structure analogous to the purine structures of DNA. Caffeine is found in numerous applications and can stimulate different parts of the body, possibly causing addiction, insomnia, and headaches. Using the proper extraction methods, the caffeine within a tea bag could potentially be isolated to yield a pure solid; the mass of this solid would reflect the actual yield of caffeine in the tea. Introduction Caffeine belongs to a large class of organic compounds called alkaloids, which vary widely in structure and reactivity. These nitrogen based compounds are found in plants and often taste bitter 2. Alkaloids can be found in different forms such as nicotine, morphine, or cocaine. The structure of caffeine is shown below along with the purine ring. Figure 1: Structure of purine and caffeine Caffeine is found in a number of foods and beverages. Such has chocolate, soda, and over the counter medication. The purpose of this experiment was to isolate caffeine that is found in tea by using the techniques of extracting, separating, drying, and sublimation. To do so, caffeine must be introduced to a solvent that is both volatile and insoluble to water; a perfect example is dichloromethane. Caffeine has a greater affinity for dichloromethane and will easily dissolve in this solvent over water; however, caffeine is not the only organic substance found in tea that is capable of reacting with dichloromethane. Along...
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...EXTRACTION CAFFEINE FROM TEA PURPOSE: This experiment is designed to introduce students to the use of another separation technique, which is the solvent extraction. In this experiment you will isolate a compound from a natural source. You will extract caffeine from the tealeaf by using both solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extractions. INTRODUCTION: Caffeine is a natural product found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, and chocolate. The tea and coffee leaves are composed of approximately 4% of caffeine. Caffeine can also be isolated from natural sources. Extraction is a chemical method of separating a specific component of a solution from the rest of the solution. Caffeine was chosen in this experiment because caffeine is relatively easy to extracts from tea leaves. The reasons are there is approximately 5% of caffeine by weight of dry tea leaves, which is a large amount for a natural product. And the bulk of the tea leaf consists mostly of cellulose, which is a water-insoluble polymer of glucose. Caffeine is also soluble in both hot water and dichloromethane. In this experiment, all caffeine dissolves in the tea when the tea leaves are extracted with boiling water, which is the first extraction. The second extraction uses dichloromethane to separate the caffeine from the polar inorganics in the water. This is done two times; therefore, there is a minimal amount of caffeine left in the discarded tea. Sodium sulfate will serve to absorb the small amount of water from the...
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...INTRODUCTION Caffeine use has been going on for many, many years. Humans found the beneficial uses of caffeine and have used it in its strongest form of coffee. Caffeine is the highest used drug in Northern America. Some studies have shown that lower levels of coffee intake are beneficial for our alertness and increasing cognitive function (Nikic, Andric, Stojimirovic, Trbojevic-Stankovic, & Bukumiric, 2014). As Americans, we love our coffee and we consume high amounts daily. Our children are getting a lot of their caffeine from sugary drinks such as soda. Coffee has some positive effects on the body while soda does not. While soda may give you a burst of energy, the amount of sugars and chemicals that are in it, do not make the drink worth it. Some athletes feel that they need an energy drink or large coffee to give them the energy they need for a sporting competition. When caffeine is consumed and absorbed into our bodies, epinephrine and norepinephrine cause muscle contractions to increase and cause heart rate to increase which causes blood pressure to also increase (Hee-won, L. 2000). Caffeine is used as an ergogenic aid to assist athletes by increasing their alertness and giving them the upper hand while they participate....
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...contains some measure of caffeine. | | | | | Share | | | 808 | | Caffeine is the most widely consumed drug in the world. And because coffee is a major source in the supply line, people advised to avoid caffeine because of certain medical conditions like hypertension should be aware that even decaffeinated brew can come with a kick, UF researchers report in this month's Journal of Analytical Toxicology. "If someone drinks five to 10 cups of decaffeinated coffee, the dose of caffeine could easily reach the level present in a cup or two of caffeinated coffee," said co-author Bruce Goldberger, Ph.D., a professor and director of UF's William R. Maples Center for Forensic Medicine. "This could be a concern for people who are advised to cut their caffeine intake, such as those with kidney disease or anxiety disorders." Despite caffeine's widespread use, most medical texts have no guidelines for intake, Goldberger said, but even low doses might adversely affect some people. So UF researchers set out to conduct a two-phase study designed to gauge just how much caffeine is likely to turn up in decaffeinated coffees. First they purchased 10 16-ounce decaffeinated drip-brewed coffee beverages from nine national chains or local coffee houses and tested them for caffeine content. Caffeine was isolated from the coffee samples and measured by gas chromatography. Every serving but one - instant decaffeinated Folgers Coffee Crystals - contained caffeine, ranging from 8.6 milligrams...
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...Caffeine-Free The lack of caffeine can have drastic effects on the body and mind. As an experiment, I went an entire day without taking in any caffeine. My goal was to skip my usual two cups of coffee in the morning, my afternoon chocolate and any soda and then determine the effects on my body and mind. The effects of not consuming any caffeine were greater than anticipated. I felt physically drained, had a headache and couldn’t think straight. I normally have one to two cups of coffee every morning while getting ready for the day. On this particular morning I skipped my coffee completely. I was very slow getting ready in the morning. It was hard to get motivated without my coffee. I was sleepy and groggy until about lunch time. I had a difficult time holding my eyes open and could not stop yawning. I felt physically tired as well. I had to make an extra effort to climb the stairs at work (which I do many times throughout the day). I normally have an afternoon snack (usually something chocolate) and occasionally a soda, but I had to skip it today. Many people get the two o’clock drowsiness and I was definitely one of them on this particular day. The yawing continued through the night. I also had a headache for the majority of the day. About a year ago I went to a neurologist for chronic headaches. I found out that I, like many Americans, am addicted to caffeine. When a person who is addicted to caffeine doesn’t get their “fix”, a typical side effect is having...
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...Research essay Caffeine is a stimulant drug that is very addictive. Its presence is in almost everything that we drink or eat in our modern lifettyles. Studies show that adults consume an average of about 400 mg of caffeine each day. That’s about 10 cans of coke and 2 bottles of energy drinks. However, what most people don't know is the terrible toll this drug can have on their bodies. The effect of caffeine rolls in about 15 minutes after it is absorbed into the body but, can last for about 6 hours! Caffeine is not stored in the body, it is kept there until it is removed from the body as a waste. Caffeine can also increase heart rate, as to three beats per minute or even 6 beats per minute. It depends on how each body may react to caffeine....
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...Caffeine is a widespread stimulant that can be found in varies kinds of products in daily life diet such as coffee, tea, cola and even chewing gums. Many people are used to reach a cup of coffee as the start of a new workday. “According to the International Coffee Organization, approximately 1.6 billion cups of coffee are consumed worldwide every day” (Whiteman). However, many people don’t have clear understanding about the health effect of caffeine and took in excessive caffeine daily. In fact, caffeine is not as harmless as people think, it is a chemical substance that can harm our health. One of the main reason why coffee is so popular is its effect on promoting people’s concentration. Many people would choose coffee as a kick-start of...
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