...Cardiovascular Disease Information HCA 240 March 30, 2014 DeAnna Maddox “Cardiovascular disease includes a range of diseases that affect the heart and the blood vessels.” (Chapter 6 Diseases of the Cardiovascular System page 117) Cardiovascular disease is also known as heart disease. There are different types of cardiovascular disease. Some types of cardiovascular disease are heart failure, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, and congenital heart defects. “The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself.” (vsearch.nlm.gov: Medline Plus) Atherosclerosis and hypertension are two common causes of cardiovascular disease. Arthrosclerosis is when an artery wall thickens due to an accumulation of fatty materials. Hypertension is when you have high blood pressure. Some risk factors for cardiovascular disease are overweight, cigarette smoke, stress, diabetes, and family history of cardiovascular disease. One symptom of a heart attack is pains in the neck, jaw, back, chest, shoulder, or arm. Some other symptoms could be fatigue and shortness of breath. Cardiovascular disease is treatable. In order to manage cardiovascular disease you have to eat healthy, make lifestyle changes, and take your medication if prescribed by a doctor. A life style change would be exercise. You also need to know the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. You should not smoke and avoid...
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...Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease By: Fawn R. Stephen-Odle June 2012 Cardiovascular disease is caused by disorders of the heart and blood vessels, and includes coronary heart disease (heart attacks), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), raised blood pressure (hypertension), peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, and heart failure. The major causes of cardiovascular disease are tobacco use, physical inactivity, an unhealthy diet and harmful use of alcohol. Unfortunately, there are four non-modifiable risk factors that contribute to CVD (cardiovascular disease). Race and Ethnicity: Race and ethnicity have quite a bit to do with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Studies show that African Americans have a higher risk for Cardiovascular Disease because of higher blood pressure levels, overweight and obesity, compared to Caucasians. Higher blood pressure levels are among the highest in African Americans in the world. Mexican Americans and Native Americans are also at higher risk for heart disease because of higher rates of obesity, diabetes, and smoking. Studies also show that about 77% of African American women, 72% of Mexican American women, and 61% of Native American women are overweight or obese, compared to 57% of Caucasian women. Taking precautions such as eating a proper diet, exercise, lessen use of alcohol, and quitting smoking can reduce a person’s chances of contracting Cardiovascular Disease. All races and ethnicities...
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...The Future of Cardiovascular Diagnostics THE MARKET, TRENDS & FUTURE DIRECTIONS Extracted on: 20 Apr 2011 Reference Code: BI00021-008 Publication Date: 02 Mar 2010 Publisher: Datamonitor © Datamonitor This content is a licensed product, no part of this publication shall be reproduced, sold, modified or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Datamonitor. The information in this document has been extracted from published research by a registered user of the Datamonitor360 platform. Datamonitor shall not be responsible for any loss of original context and for any changes made to information following its extraction. All information was current at the time of extraction although the original content may have been subsequently updated. Please refer back to the website http://360.datamonitor.com/ to view the most recent content and the original source of the information. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law we exclude all representations, warranties and conditions relating to the facts of all publications. At time of publication no guarantee of accuracy or suitability, whether express or implied, shall attach to this publication (including, without limitation, any warranties implied by law of satisfactory quality, fitness for purpose and/or the use of reasonable care and skill). Please note that the findings, conclusions and recommendations...
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...University of Phoenix Material Effects of Disease on the Health Care Industry: Cardiovascular Health Complete the table below for 2 diseases that you have chosen that affects cardiovascular health. In each box, you are required to list 3-5 bulleted statements regarding the heading of that box. Cite your sources using APA format. This section is due in Week Three. Chosen Cardiovascular Disease or Disorder | Treatment Modalities | Cultural Beliefs/Practices Affecting this Disease | Epidemiological Statistics | Available Consumer Resources(ex. financing, information, support) | Impact on Society | Heart failure | * Getting to and staying at a healthy weight * Eating a Heart-Healthy Diet * avoiding secondhand smoke. | * Heart failure is not for strong men * Heart failure only affect older people * Heart failure is for the weak(myth) | * More than 5.8 million adults in the USA are living with heart failure * Heart failure affects more men than women, and its prevalence greatly increases with advancing age * Heat failure increased from 90 to 121 per 1,000 between 1994 and 2003 | * Cdc.gov * American heart association * | * Heart failure generates high medical resource consumption. * Heart Failure affects 6-10% of people over the age of 65 * Individual with heart failure are likely not to see their loved ones | *coronary artery diseases | * Quitting smoking and avoiding secondhand...
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...can be found in many fruits and vegetables as well as grains. There are two types of fiber. The soluble fibers have had studies that show some improvements in LCL which is the bad cholesterol in your body. By reducing this you are reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. This fiber is found in oats as well as beans, peas, rice bran, barley, citrus fruits, strawberries and apple pulp (American Heart Association, January). The insoluble fiber is the dietary fiber that makes you feel full. When you feel full you eat less. This helps you to keep weight down and this will decrease your risk of cardiovascular problems. It is also known to slow the progression of cardiovascular disease in those that are high risk. The foods that will give you this type of fiber consist of whole-wheat, rye, cabbage, beets, turnips, cauliflower, and the apple’s skin (American Heart Association, January). Children need smaller degrees of fiber then adults. Let’s look at a five year old child. They would only require about 10g of fiber were an adult would require about 25g of fiber (Horn, June). A child will not need the fiber that an adult gets until he or she reaches the age when they will be eating 1500 or more per day. The information between the website article and the journal has increased my knowledge of fiber. I knew that fiber came from grains of all kinds. I did not however know that they came from many fruits and vegetables. References American Heart Association...
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...of equipment, etc. Explain what you will do: Just as you would in a fuller proposal, provi interest. Describe precisely what will take place as a result of the grant. Provide agency data: Help the funder know a bit more about your organization by including your mission statement, brief description of programs offered, number of people served, and staff, volunteer and board data, if appropriate. Include appropriate budget data: Even a letter request may have a budget that is a half page long. Decide if this information should be incorporated into the letter or in a separate attachment. Whichever course you choose, be sure to indicate the total cost of the project. Discuss future funding only if the absence of this information will raise questions. Close: As with the longer proposal, a letter proposal needs a strong concluding statement. Attach any additional information required: The funder may need much of the same information to back up a small request as a large one: board list, a copy of your IRS determination letter, financial documentation, and brief resumes of key staff. It may take as much thought and data gathering to write a good letter request as it does to prepare a full proposal. Don’t assume- tha consuming and challenging task. Every document you put in front of a funder says something about your agency. Each step you take with a funder should build a relationship for the future. Sample Letter of Inquiry to a Foundation ...
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...Adverse Cardiovascular Effects from Excessive Endurance Exercise.” Mayo Clinic Proceedings 87.6 (2012): 587–595. PMC. Web. 8 Aug. 2015. I found this article by searching Google Scholar, and using a string search of “Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy” + endurance athlete. This type of search returned a moderate amount of results in which to start my research. This article was written as a peer review for the Mayo Clinic website. The article contains a significant amount of information describing different scientific studies performed in regards to high intensity exercise performed by endurance athletes vs. people who lead a sedentary lifestyle, with little or no exercise at all. It also touches on describing exercise as a pharmacological agent, as in performing exercise in moderation (a “recommended dose”), or exercising to the extreme, which could be considered an excessive dose. The article also points out how exercise can be used in the prevention of certain disease processes, such as diabetes, hypertension and coronary artery disease. I think this peer review is somewhat biased towards exercise in moderation, because a lot of the studies reviewed tend to point out the negative effects of endurance sports and the training that goes along with them. Although this article is somewhat biased towards minimalist types of exercise, I believe it will be beneficial to my research. It is because of the different studies that are reviewed and how they relate to cardiovascular health...
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...FINAL ESSAY Your name Course Name Date 1. Describe the major hormonal changes that occur during adolescence. Describe girls’ reactions to menarche and boys’ reactions to spermarche during puberty. What factors influence the way adolescents respond? Describe the impact of puberty on parent–child interaction and the adaptive value of this change in adolescents’ relationships with their parents. Hormonal change is at its peak during adolescence and is a period of rapid psychological and physiological transformation. During puberty boys and girls sweat and their oil glands become more active. This will result in body odour and acne. They also get underarm and pubic hair in the body. The brain releases Gonadotropin – releasing hormone (GnRH) for stimulating pituitary gland. Pituitary gland is also known as the Master gland releases luteinizing hormones and follicle stimulating hormone. In boys, interstitial cell stimulating hormone and it stimulates interstitial cells to produce to from hormones in male organ of testicles. Both male and females have estrogens and androgen in their body in low level and after puberty, males begin to have more androgen including testosterone. In female they get more oestrogen as puberty crosses. Menarche is the first menstrual bleeding in a girl and her reaction to this event can be both emotional and physical. It is a sign of growing up and happens between the age of 9 and 15 years. The girls usually show stress, irritability and...
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...those symptoms as well as decides if and how to treat the individual. During an assessment, the clinician makes sure to highlight the abilities of the individual so that they can be compared to his abilities during and after treatment. This helps the clinician later on see the effects of the treatment and be able to change it if necessary. Only after an assessment, can the clinician make a clinical diagnosis. Clinical diagnosis is the way the person’s symptoms and signs learned in the assessment are organized and classified based on the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM is a standard guide to diagnose abnormal behaviors by providing criteria for each abnormal behavior listed. A clinician will gather all the information gained during an assessment and will organize it and see if it fits the criteria of any of the abnormal behaviors listed in the DSM. After a clinician diagnoses, the patient’s insurance will then cover their treatment (Butcher, Mineka & Hooley, 2013 p. 104). If a person experiencing low appetite and fatigue seeks help from a clinician, the clinician will first conduct and assessment to find out all the symptoms of the client. If the clinician finds that the person is depressed with no major depressive event as well as has low...
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...Assignment #1 Johnson & Johnson and Guidant FIN 648 February 13, 2006 Shreyasee Kothari Shalini Ramchandren Mattia Valdisolo William Smith Guidant, a company in the surgical & medical instruments & apparatus, is in the process of being acquired by Johnson & Johnson (J&J), a company that engages in the manufacturing and selling of various products in the health care field. By evaluating each company’s current strategy, it can help to decipher if J&J is undertaking a company that can add value to its business. Using several strategy models, such as Porter, Kauppi, the BCG Growth Matrix, and a Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis for each company, we can identify how these companies operate in their own industries, as well as compare each to assess compatibility. Porter’s Model: 1. Barriers to Entry a. Regulatory restrictions: Guidant has extreme federal restrictions, as mandated by the industry it is in. By operating in the United States (US), Guidant must comply with the laws of the Federal Drug Agency (FDA). Operations in other countries (over 100) must comply with FDA equivalents in their respective countries. (Guidant 10-K 2004) Primary operations are in the US, Asia, and Europe. “The regulations also hold true for J&J due to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) that took effect on January 1, 2006. It will have a major impact on how drug companies negotiate...
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...A & P 182 READING REPORT NAME: TITLE OF ARTICLE: Increased cardiovascular disease mortality associated with excessive exercise in heart attack survivors. AUTHOR: Williams, Paul T; Thompson, Paul D NAME OF JOURNAL: Mayo Clinic Proceedings DATE OF JOURNAL: 2014-09-12 PAGES: 1187 TO 1194 Both exercise as well as physical activity has been said to decrease the risk of sudden cardiac death and acute myocardial infractions. However, the question of whether excessive exercise can increase Cardiovascular disease mortality has yet to be answered. We know that endurance training actually causes the cardiovascular system to adapt as to increase exercise capacity. These Adaptations include the enlargement of the 4 heart chambers, as well changes in the thickness of the left ventricular wall. Using the National Walkers' and Runners' Health studies the Mayo clinic took a look at the relationship between exercise energy and Cardiovascular disease (CVD) as it related to mortality in heart attack survivors. They used a baseline survey questionnaire to be sure that all of their subjects were identified as having previous heart attacks. This gave the Mayo Clinic a total of 942 male subjects and 631 female subjects from the National Walkers Health studies. The Mayo clinic also had 678 males and 128 females from the National Runners Health Studies. Using the questionnaires given to each of these subject the Mayo clinic then found the walkers energy expenditures by using MET h/d however...
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...COMMENTARIES 3. 25]. Available from: http://www.ccl-cca.ca/ccl/Reports/HealthLiteracy.html Petch E, Ronson B, Rootman I. Literacy and health in Canada: what we have learned and what can help in the future? A research report. Clear language edition [monograph on the Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Institutes of Health Research; 2004 [cited 2011 Nov 25]. Available from: www.cpha.ca/ uploads/portals/h-l/literacy_e.pdf Public Health Agency of Canada [homepage on the Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Public Health Agency of Canada; 2003 [updated 2011 Oct 21; cited 2011 Nov 26]. What determines health?; [about 3 screens]. Available from: http:// www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/determinants/index-eng.php. Scott Murray, Data Angel Policy Research, Incorporated, Rima Rudd, Harvard School of Public Health, Irwin Kirsch, Educational Testing, Service, Kentaro Yamamoto, Educational Testing Service and, Sylvie Grenier, Statistics Canada. Health literacy in Canada: initial results from the International Adult Literacy and Skills Survey 2007 [monograph on Internet]. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Council on Learning; 2007 [cited 2011 Nov 26]. Available from: www.ccl-cca.ca/pdfs/HealthLiteracy/HealthLiteracyinCanada.pdf Rao JK, Anderson LA, Inui TS, Frankel RM. Communication interventions make a difference in conversation between physician and patients: a systemic review of the evidence. Med Care. 2007;45(4):340-9. Stewart MA. Effective physician–patient communication and health outcomes: a review. CMAJ. 1995;152(9):1423-33...
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...births (AHA, 2006a, b; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [NHLBI], 2007). The need for primary care providers to manage the health of adolescents with TOF has developed as the population and lifespan of children born with TOF has increased. One of the most important roles of a primary care provider is to educate adolescents and their families to facilitate the achievement and maintenance of optimal health. This includes counseling adolescents, especially those living with TOF, of the importance of regular exercise and participation in sport activities as necessary factors for their physical, emotional, and social growth and development (Bar-Or & Rowland, 2004). Physical activity is also essential for the prevention of long-term cardiovascular and obesity-related health problems (AHA, 2006d). Primary care providers cannot assume the cardiologist has effectively provided this education. Unfortunately, the literature indicates adolescents with TOF do not feel well informed regarding their cardiac condition, their physical activity allowances, or possible physical limitations (Birks, Sloper, Lewin, & Parsons, 2006; Canobbio, 2001; Cheuk, Wong, Choi, Chau, & Cheung, 2004; Falk et...
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...Evaluate the importance of regular exercise in maintaining a healthy body and mind; to what extent should the state play a role in ensuring that its citizens exercise regularly? Refer to at least two countries in your answer. Abstract Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in physical activity and fitness around the world. This essay will focus on the benefits of exercise for both physical and mental health. It is obvious that exercise helps people prevent a variety of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, depression and Parkinson’s. This also raises an argument on whether government should play an important role in promoting physical activity. This essay will clarify that it is reasonable for the state to take responsibilities in order to make sure that social health would be improved in the following years. 1/ Introduction A healthy lifestyle and longer lives are always the target that everyone wants to achieve, specifically; it is obvious that one of the most effective ways to do this is through exercise. Exercise generally means physical activity that makes your body strong and healthy. In addition, exercise also benefits mental health, especially in stressful work conditions which can affect individuals who lead busy lives. Therefore, in my opinion, it will be reasonable for the government (the state) to be responsible for ensuring regular exercise of all citizens. This essay consists of three main parts which will discuss the reasons why physical...
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...Community and Public Health February 23, 2014 Summary of Teaching Plan The primary prevention and health promotion for cardiovascular disease or heart disease are necessary for the Isabella County, Michigan because of the high rate of this disease. Cardiovascular disease is a class of diseases that involve the heart, and the blood vessels including arteries, capillaries, and veins. Cardiovascular disease refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system, principally cardiac disease, vascular diseases of the brain and kidney, and peripheral arterial disease. The two most common causes of cardiovascular disease are atherosclerosis and hypertension. Physiological and morphological changes with aging alter cardiovascular function and lead to an increased risk of this disease for healthy individuals with asymptomatic problems (Wikipedia, 2014). In teaching summary, it is necessary for the Isabella County to be informed of the high rate of cardiovascular disease for adults age 65 and older. The presentation was held at the community center of Mt. Pleasant, Isabella County during the annual “Together We Can”. It was surprising that the audience participation was 100 percent. Most of them paid attention to the Okinawa big poster, which highlighted how to reach the age of 100 and older without cardiovascular disease. Between the session breaks, we provided time for discussion the topic that they have learned so far. Some audience showed their impression...
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