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Cardiovascular Disease

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Cardiovascular Disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are interchangeable diseases also used in lieu of cardiovascular ailment. Cardiovascular ailment is the chief source of demise for both genders in the U. S. Of the more that 16 million Americans who have CHD, approximately 1.2 million will encounter an acute event such as acute coronary syndrome or a myocardial infarction this year. Of these, about 310,000 will die before reaching the hospital or in an emergency department (AHA, 2007). Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CHD. Cardiovascular disease conditions can be avoided with the proper education on causes, symptoms, treatment and management.
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CHD in reference to a plaque upsurge of cholesterol that limits or blocks a blood vessel making it strenuous for blood to pass through the vessel. This can lead to ischemia which causes a lack of blood flow and oxygen to meet metabolic needs. Symptoms may be symptomatic therefore it can cause angina or the patient may experience episodes related to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or myocardial infarction. Treatment of atherosclerosis consists of drug therapy which includes Statins to help reduce cholesterol levels and Fibric acids agents, along with antilipemics if statins aren’t as effective. The management of atherosclerosis consists of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet to help control cholesterol and maintain a stable weight. Following an exercise plan that consists of exercising a minimum of 30 minutes in a 5 to 6 day period will also help with the management of atherosclerosis. If the patient smokes they should be encouraged to stop. The patient should also maintain a constant blood pressure and keep blood glucose levels under control as well.
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute myocardial infarction is demising of a cardiac

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