...and differences between Caribbean Slavery and the Russian Serfdom. History has its random ways of recreating itself in which individuals themselves cannot explain why. Between the era of the 1450’s and the 1750’s, history establishes a devastating way of making the lives of certain individuals easier while making lives of others back breaking, cruel, and unethical. Though slavery may have occurred in some small areas of the world, it became popular after the benefits of owning a slave were established. With the dominating countries of Portugal and Spain, historians began to identify their excellence in economy, wealth, and prosperity throughout this era. With their vast migration of slaves from one part of the world to another, the beginning of a new culture was created. Under their free-will, Africans were widely spread out through the western hemisphere of the world. With the Mongols in power, peasants in Russia were considered as free farmers that had legal positions that were high than serfs in the Medieval era. But, it all changed once the peasants soon gained debt after the fall of the Tatar, thus leaving them no choice but to accept a submissive status under the lords ruling. The beginning of the serfdom class was than created as a way to formally help the peasants with their large debt to the government. An individual can find themself comparing and contrasting the different forms of slavery throughout the world due to the many forms of slavery that were being continued...
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...Negative effects of slave revolts in the Caribbean * Slave revolts in the Caribbean such as the rebellion of Sam Sharpe/Christmas Rebellion (1831), tended to harden positions among plantation owners in defense of slavery. * Slave uprisings, or rebellions and revolts, were frequent and were ferociously put down by plantation owners. The idea was to put off future rebels by showing them how any rebellion would be punished. Participants of rebellions were often publicly killed ‘by progressive mutilation, slow burnings, breaking on the wheel. * Lead to suppression of abolitionist expression in the Caribbean and dissuaded some against abolition. * The Abolitionist movement in the Caribbean really didn't grow until the 1840s and 50s, so from the Berbice/Coffy Revolt (1763) to the uprisings in Haiti (1791), there was relatively little abolitionist sentiment in the Caribbean. * Some would argue what the rebellions actually did was scare slave owners in the Caribbean, and lead to a series of legal reforms and slave codes designed to make revolts more difficult. * Slave owners through-out the region suffered massive destruction of property and loss of lives. Positive Effects of slave revolts in the Caribbean * Antislavery movements grew stronger and bolder, especially in Great Britain, and the colonial slaves themselves became increasingly more restless. * The impact of the Haitian Revolution (1791) was both immediate and widespread. The antislavery...
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...The Caribbean’s history is rooted in colonialism. When Christopher Columbus first arrived in the Caribbean it was inhabited by the indigenous people of the region. This eventually led to the other major European players to take up settlement in the region. Eventually, these settlements supplemented by a slave labour force from Africa grew into a large colonised settlement. This became an engrained system and as such many of the remnants of colonization still have a strong grip on how people operate in the region. Ideas of sex, sexuality and sex work which are now prominent in the region was shaped during this time of the historical development of the region. According to Elizabeth Hartney, sex work is the term for engaging in sexual activity for money or otherwise working in the sex industry. Depending on the work, activities might include: physical contact with a paying client, creating or being the subject of sex-related photos or videos, engaging in phone sex, participating in live sex shows. This is short is prostitution. Kamala Kempadoo (1999) gives an invaluable background into the history of Caribbean sex work and how it was influenced by colonial powers. It is stated that “prostitution is inextricably tied to the power and control exerted by European colonizers over black women….” Research showed that slave masters not only had complete control over the labour of their work force but also over the sexual labour of their women. The slave masters exercised their control...
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...Chattel Slavery Through the progression of slavery, we see a gradual but dramatic change the way people viewed slaves. Many factors aided the deterioration of treatment towards slaves from a people to property mindset. Whether it was the beginning of the African Slave Trade, the economic driven cash crops, British laws passed to control slaves or the development of British Low Country each factor belittled the human aspect of a slave. To understand how one gets labeled as “cattle” we must understand where it came from. We first look at the beginning treatment of slaves to gather a comparison on how it differed from Atlantic Chattel Slavery. Slaves in the early east Africa were generally war captives of conquering dynasties. Islamic religion helped to maintain the humanity of these war captives. They were accepted as a member of the family (nation) but the lowest ranking one. Islamic members who owned slaves had obligations to educate and convert them to Islam. They also made it illegal to sell children from their parent which in turn was a cultural device to bring outside people into the society. After two generations of slavery these families were accepted into the society. Slaves during this time would also live to the same standards as their owners. This means a slave owned by a wealthy person would have a better lifestyle (clothes, food, etc.) than a poorer one. Slavery was still not a positive experience but when we compare to the lifestyle of Caribbean/America...
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...Today the Caribbean is known as a melting pot of cultures and societies, this is mainly due to preexisting historical factors of colonialism that were done in the early 16th and 17th century in the Caribbean. The exploitation of the Caribbean landscape dates back to the Spanish conquistadors around 1600 who mined the islands for gold which they brought back to Spain. The more significant development came when Christopher Columbus wrote back to Spain that the islands were made for sugar development. The history of Caribbean agricultural dependency is closely linked with European colonialism which altered the financial potential of the region by introducing a plantation system. Much like the Spanish who enslaved indigenous Indians to work in gold mines, the seventeenth century brought a new series of oppressors in the form of the Dutch, the English, and the French. By the middle of the eighteenth century sugar was Britain's largest import which made the Caribbean that much more important as a colony. Colonialism has been regarded as a significant and common experience that has been reflected on Caribbean people of today’s culture and values, based on the events and circumstances that occurred during the 16th ,17th and 18th century . A great example of colonial influence that has been made part of the Caribbean culture is food. Everything in Caribbean culture displays this forced adaptation and the influence of several cultures mingling, from the time of slavery and the days of...
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...rocked the socio-political, economic, and moral foundations of the Caribbean.[1] However, in the period following the Revolution, there is a noted increase of slavery in the Caribbean as a whole. Did the success of the Haitian uprising merely serve as a lesson for Caribbean planters and reinforce the slave society? To answer this question one must examine the factors that led to the Revolution’s success both externally, in the European metropoles, and internally, in the psychological and socio-political dynamics of Caribbean societies. Therefore, the Haitian Revolution appeared to impede abolition in the Caribbean in the short term because it reinforced white stereotypes of African savagery and inferiority, convinced planters of the danger of liberal and abolitionist ideals, and created a large void in the coffee and sugar markets which other colonies quickly filled by introducing more slave labor. While these effects should not be minimized, they were merely the logical aftershock of the tumultuous events in the established racial hierarchy. Ultimately, the Haitian Revolution was a major turning point in abolitionist history because it restructured the balance of power in the Caribbean thereby allowing a political gap for British abolitionists, the first organized anti-slavery movement from a metropole, to enter and because it drastically altered the psyche of enslaved Africans throughout the Caribbean world by proving that the combination of external pressures and internal...
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...The influence of Caribbean Islands to the US Progress. Haiti became under two European colonizers such as French and Spanish. Haitians also suffered from slavery, from forced labor both under the French and Spanish colonization. During those years, many of their native leaders had attempted several revolts but failed many times. With great effort and unceasing determination for freedom, Haiti gained their independence at last in 1804. Haiti thus emerged into the world as the first black independent republic on January 1st, 1804. It’s revolution against colonialism and slavery was the first successful black movement resulting into an independent state headed by blacks, . On January 1, 1804, the heroes of the Independence, to honor the memory of the Indians who had been massacred by the Spanish renamed the island under its original Taino name, Haiti. Haiti in Taino means “High land”, “high ground” or “mountainous land” (Synopsis of Haitian History, 2007). Many would think that since Haiti was entirely independent from any European influences, it would be smooth sailing for Haiti with regard to its governance. On the contrary, this did not happen. Many Haiti emperors/leaders in succession became tyrants and they served like their masters – Spanish and French leaders. Others became greedy for power that they clung to their post for quite a time that the Haitians themselves once again espoused their ancestors’ being militants by forcefully ousting them from their post. It was only...
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...Rostow wrote the stages of Economic Growth a process that he believed that every country must pass through to become independent. 1. Traditional Society – based on an agricultural economy, with intensive labor and little trading and a population that does not have scientific perspectives on the world and technology. 2. Reconditions to take out – Countries have a better outlook in regards to develop manufactory national and internationally instead of just locally. 3. Take-off – A short period of intensive growth and industrialization whereas worker and institutions is focused on a new industry. 4. Drive to Maturity – Which develops over a long period, whereas, the national economy grows and diversifies, the advancement of technology and improved standard of living. Age of High Mass consumption Countries should shape themselves after the United States did and flourishes in capitalist system characterized by mass production and consumerism. W. Arthur Lewis was a Stlucian enconomist who believed that a country is overpopulated when its population exceeds the capacity of it (natural resources to support that particular population size. His focused was on agriculture and a called for greater specialization in this area. Lewis wrote a theory based on the economic reality of the Caribbean The two sectors is Traditional and Modern 1. Traditional – sticked to the old way of doing agriculture, which can be labour intensive, and time consuming, resulting in low...
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...-- Name: Ron-Di’ Lacey Teacher’s Name: Mrs. P Bromfield School: Excelsior High Territory: Jamaica Centre Number: 100033 Date: October 6, 2014 Theme: Caribbean Economy and Slavery Topic: Social Relation in the Slave Society up to 1834 Hypothesis: How did the White men relate to enslaved women on a typical sugar plantation in Jamaica1750-1834? Table of Contents Content Page Rationale............................................................................................................................. 03 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 04 Aims and Objectives............................................................................................................. 05 Body of Research................................................................................................................. 06-10 Conclusion............................................................................................................................ 11 Appendix.............................................................................................................................. 12 Bibliography......................................................................................................................... 13 This researcher has chosen the topic Social Relation in Slave Society, because this researcher is interested in knowing what...
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...scuffles due to this art. The regions of North America, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Sub-Saharan Africa are great examples of the impact globalization have on all areas. Globalization has the ability to join regions economically and culturally as well as affect the local demographics and region local life. North America is a leading powerhouse in terms of world globalization. With large populations, world leading language, available resources and technology, and a diverse mixing bowl of comers, the impact the region has on globalization is large. It is noted in the text “Diversity Amid Globalization” by Les Rowntree that a noted 37 million foreigners are in the North America region. The American cultural is known as the “popular cultural landscape,” also referred to as the American dream. With powerful military, technology advancements, resources, producers, funding, and population, the cultural of the North Americas is a world leader in globalization and is evident in many other regions. In Latin America, globalization is not very surrounding impacting. Neoliberalism is the basis of these regions economic structure with a focus of control from a private division. Latin America has a large dependency on the US for trading and foreign investing. The need for value added goods causes this region to be very dependable on large globalization powerhouses, such as the US, to keep their regions economy afloat. Although there is a dependency, Latin America is a sufficient exportation...
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...Transformation The early 1600s economy strived due to the enslavements of blacks. The British colonies in North America needed a permanent workforce as the indentured servants that were brought over only worked for seven years as payment for transport to the New World then freed. This is why the period from 1470 to the 1833 is considered to be the most devastating time throughout history as that’s when slavery began. The whites thought that indenture servitude although good was not creating enough capital for them so Africans were chosen to be slaves to cultivate the then high producing tobacco. In watching the 1PBS documentary I learnt not only what was taught to me in school growing up but a more in-depth version of the horror that happened. I learnt about slavery like how most children did, a PG-13 version taught by teachers who were taught the same thing. How can such a horrid past be taught with that aspect generation to generation with no respect to the truth of what truly happened. I was taught that slavery was an idea that sprouted when Christopher Columbus first discovered the Caribbean and the Indians. He realized that gold could be mined here and overpowered the Indians. After they started to diminish they turned to Africa where they started to capture and kidnap young teens. They were brought over to the New World where they were whipped, tortured, and branded as animals and put to work. The Middle Passage is the trip from Africa to the Caribbean where hundreds of slaves...
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...the New World, over one-third landed in Brazil and between 60 and 70 percent ended up in Brazil or the sugar colonies of the Caribbean. Only 6 percent arrived in what is now the United States. Yet by 1860, approximately two thirds of all New World slaves lived in the American South. For a long time it was widely assumed that southern slavery was harsher and crueler than slavery in Latin America, where the Catholic church insisted that slaves had a right to marry, to seek relief from a cruel master, and to purchase their freedom. Spanish and Portuguese colonists were thought to be less tainted by racial prejudice than North Americans and Latin American slavery was believed to be less subject to the pressures of a competitive capitalist economy. In practice, neither the Church nor the courts offered much protection to Latin American slaves. Access to freedom was greater in Latin America, but in many cases masters freed sick, elderly, crippled, or simply unneeded slaves in order to relieve themselves of financial responsibilities. Death rates among slaves in the Caribbean were one-third higher than in the South, and suicide appears to have been much more common. Unlike slaves in the South, West Indian slaves were expected to produce their own food in their “free time,” and care for the elderly and the infirm. The largest difference between slavery in the South and in Latin America was demographic. The slave population in Brazil and the West Indies had a lower proportion...
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...The Hidden Side of Slavery Slavery will always be a part of American history, but the education system commonly only teaches of the Civil War and slavery’s presence in the early American colonies. What isn’t shown is how the slave trade affected countries besides the U.S. Barbados, a small island in the Caribbean, experienced a slave trade that was brutal to both the African slaves involved and the natives of Barbados. British colonizers came to Barbados in the 1620’s and began one of the largest African diasporas in history. The 1600’s slave trade is an event that while not widely discussed, was essential to the US economy both today and in the past. The slave trade of the 1600’s created a booming economy for wealthy white plantation owners,...
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...Indigenous and African people have had similar experiences in the past which have shaped and transformed their history, culture, and society in many ways. During these experiences, both African and Indigenous people have used different forms of resistance in order to escape European colonialism and slavery. For Europeans, slavery was a major factor in their economic success. Millions of African and Indigenous slaves suffered at the expense of European settlers. The objective of the Europeans was to strip African and Indigenous people of their land, possessions, dignity, and even their lives in order to benefit themselves. Given the results of slavery and a look at the society in which we live today, this objective was not a complete success. Some forms of resistance were impactful, while others caused more harm than good. African slaves have been shown to use more secretive forms of resistance while Indigenous slaves used more open forms. Considering the various forms of resistance that African slaves used in comparison to the forms that Indigenous slaves used, and the outcome of this resistance, it can be stated that African slaves were far more victorious in their endeavours for emancipation than Indigenous slaves were. The land that Indigenous people occupied was highly sought after by Europeans for economic activity, as it contained commodities and people who they established as cheap and productive labour (Beckles and Shepard, 118.) Because of this, the Indigenous people...
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...aligned with those who have wealth, prestige or status in the society. Social Stratification under Slavery Ø During the era of slavery Caribbean society was a closed system of stratification based on race and color. The society was termed as a ‘plantation society’. Ø A plantation society was a rigidly stratified system of social and economic relations enforced on plantations in the Americas (Mohammed, 2007). Ø Economic characteristics – very large agricultural land holdings which demanded a huge labour force for manual work. The owners and managers were Europeans who had access to capital. Ø Social Relationships – the large plantation encouraged the formation of a miniature social system with little contact with the outside. The ‘total institution’ of the plantation demanded that everyone observed the superiority of European culture. Different races contributed to cultural diversity but the way in which the plantation was organized discouraged easy interaction and mixing of the races Effects of Social Stratification on Contemporary Caribbean • Certain social groups continue to dominate society. These groups may be direct descendents of Europeans whether white or coloured. • There is still a strong resemblance to the colonial economy where raw materials are exported and there is a minimum of manufacturing or significant investment of local persons in the economy and abroad. Very little has changed in terms of developing viable alternatives which could lead to economic...
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