...Carl Jung, Alfred Adler and Sigmund Freud are known to be Pioneers of psychology, influential thinkers and major contributors to the modern science of psychology. All three men had very different distinct theories, but all shared one thing they were very passionate when it came to their endeavors and their thoughts and never settled with conclusion. The three dedicated their entire lives to a better understanding of the human mind and how it works, the commitment they made to psychology contributed significantly to how we practice it today. Among these three founders of mind science, Freud is indisputably the most acclaimed and was a birthing factor that helped to develop the work of the latter two. Sigmund Freud, considered to most in the field as “The Father of Modern Psychology”, viewed the human psyche from a sexual perspective sometimes so much that one might find his works strange, and somewhat perverse but none the less revolutionary and genius. Freud theorized that the human mind was made up of three basic components. The three components are “The Id”,” The Ego”, and “The Superego”. These three individual parts of the human mind often conflict with one another, shaping personality. Adler’s psychology, which he called "Individual Psychology," was based on indivisibility of the personality. His most notable stray from Freud's teaching was Adler’s belief that it was vital to view the human being as a whole entity. Whereas Frued portrays the human as a large combination...
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...Personality Theories Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Carl Rogers, and Abraham Maslow Name Date School Class Personality theory is a large area of psychological research and there exists many different ideas concerning how personality is formed. Despite there being a multitude of these theories there are four theorists who had the largest influence in the development of personality theory. These theorists include: Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Carl Rogers, and Abraham Maslow. Sigmund Freud The most well-known and one of the earliest personality theories was posited by Sigmund Freud. Freud proposed what is known as the psychodynamic perspective. The psychodynamic perspective describes personality in terms of the mind being divided into three functional areas. Freud described the mind’s functional areas in terms of id, ego, and superego. According to Freud, the id is the instinctual area of the mind, the ego is the rational or logical control area of the mind, and the superego is portion of the mind that provides moral standards and values (Kowalski & Westen, 2009). Psychoanalytic theory posits that personality is developed through the interaction of these three portions of the mind (Kowalski & Westen, 2009). According to Freud “behavior is ultimately determined by unconscious sexual and aggressive drives and by the complex intrapsychic conflicts that arise in daily life.” (McAdams, 2009) Freud’s theory considers personality to be a result of underlying beliefs and...
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...such as Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler answer these fascinating questions through systematic observations about how and why individuals behave as they do. These personality psychologists tend to avoid abstract philosophical or religious musings and focus instead on the thoughts, feelings, and, behaviors of real people. In this assessment I will talk about Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler’s theories and explain what makes each of them different. Sigmund Freud had different views on comprehending how people act. Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Alder are very different. Freud hinted that childhood experiences, repressed erotic feelings, and unconscious conflicts can affect adult behavior. Freud believed that the motivating force of a dream is wish fulfillment. However, Freud based most psychological things on sexuality. Freud believed that every imagery and symbol that appears in a dream have a sexual connotation. For example, anxiety dreams were seen as a sign of repressed sexual impulses. Carl Jung promotes the concept of archetypes, which are the images, patterns, and symbols that rise out of the collective unconscious and appear in dreams, mythology, and fairy tales. Jung was different from Freud because he believed that dreams can reveal others motives than aggression and sexuality. Freud also believed that dreams had a meaning. Jung was never completely into Freud’s idea, so he left Freud to develop his own theory. Jung called his theory Analytic...
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...of “physical, mental, emotional, and characteristics of an individual” (Dictionary.com, 2005). Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are the elements that make each individual’s personality unique and although people may carry the same traits, not one personality is exactly like another. An individual’s personality might alter throughout one’s life, but the foundation remains consistent. Consistency or a regularity of behavior is a component to one’s personality. According to Cherry (2014), personality is of both psychological and physiological construct. There are many theories that psychologists conceive in order to better understand and explain the development of an individual’s personality. Psychologists, such as Sigmond Freud, Carl Jung, Carl Roberts, and Abraham Maslow, devised their own theories on how one’s personality develops based on their own beliefs and research. Sigmond Freud was one of the world’s most controversial psychologists. His theories on personality and thoughts on human behavior and beliefs about the conscious and unconscious mind made an immense impact within the world of psychology. Some of Freud’s beliefs and personality theories focused primarily on sexual desires and motivations. Throughout his life, Freud established many theories that “were enormously influential, but subject to considerable criticism both now and during his own life.”(Cherry, 2014) He was the founder of the psychoanalytic theory which concentrated on the unconscious mind...
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...Personality Theories Dena Headley BEH/225 November 15, 2014 Karen Pasveer Personality Theories Personality theory is a large area of psychological research, and there exists many different ideas concerning how personality is formed. A theory will present a systematic way of understanding behaviors and employs specific factors that are considered important. Despite there being a multitude of these theories, there are four theorists who had the largest influence in the development of personality theory. Those theorists include Freud, Jung, Rogers, and Maslow (Coon & Mitterer, 2013). Sigmund Freud The most well-known and one of the earliest personality theories were posited by Sigmund Freud. Freud proposed what is known as the psychodynamic perspective. The psychodynamic perspective describes personality in terms of the mind being divided into three functional areas. Freud described the minds functional areas in terms of the id, ego, and superego. According to Freud, the id is the instinctual area of the mind, the ego is the rational or logical control area of the mind, and the superego is the portion of the mind that provides moral standards and values (Coon & Mitterer, 2013). Psychoanalytic theory posits that a personality is developed through the interaction of these three portions of the mind. According to Freud “behavior, is ultimately determined by unconscious sexual and aggressive drives and by the complex intrapsychic conflicts that arise in daily life.”...
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...Theories of Jung and Freud Tiffinee Williams Southern New Hampshire University Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung both made significant impacts with their studies and theories regarding personality. Even though they did spend time together they had different ideas and theories about how personality develops and what it consists of. Sigmund Freud divided personality into three parts: the id, the ego and the superego. According to Freud traumatic events, repressed thoughts and sexual motivation are what personality consists of. The id, the ego and the super ego. The id forms our unconscious and is not bound by morality but instead only seeks to satisfy pleasure. The ego is our thoughts and ideas that help us deal with reality and the superego tries to find a balance between “socially acceptable behaviors” and the repressed desires and thoughts that exist in the id (Harley therapy 2013). Jung also agreed that the personality can be divided into three parts: the ego, the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. According to Jung, the ego consists of conscious memories, the personal unconscious consisted experiences both recalled and suppressed from infancy and the collective unconscious consists of images or archetypes that are innate, universal ideas or projections that affect feelings and thoughts, but do not arise from personal experience. (Carl Jung Experience 2014). For example, the mother archetype is what governs the mother-child relationship in humans. Jung did not...
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...Sigmund Freud, Carl G. Jung, Karen Horneye, and so on) were born into the world. They had a fascination with the unconscious mind. They later became famous psychologists with several views and opinions. Sigmund Freud was a psychoanalytic who studied the unconscious approach to understanding one’s personality. Though his work was the foundation for others with and after him, Sigmund Freud will always be known for his work. Carl Gustav Jung was a Neo-Freudian who in the beginning worked side-by-side with Freud until he branched away from Freud and conducted his own theory called Analytical Psychology (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). “According to Jungian theory, the mind or psyche is divided into three parts: (1) the conscious ego, (2) the personal unconscious, and (3) the collective unconscious” (Friedman & Schustack, 2012, p 109). According to Alfred Adler, the major force of all human activity is a striving from a feeling of inferiority toward perfection. Adler at first referred to this force as aggressive drive. He later called the force a striving for superiority. Adler termed his school of thought individual psychology. Today, it is often referred to as Adlerian psychology (p. 58). According to Jung’s way of thinking, Freud did have some good points as far as the unconscious goes such as dreams, but Jung soon realized that Freud had some flaws/unattainable truths to his work. Therefore, Jung explored more and deeper into the subconscious of the brain. Jung believed that...
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...Theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler contributed so much to psychology as we know it today. As developers of the theory of personality involving the id, ego, and superego, which led to the therapy method known as psychoanalysis, Freud, Jung and Adler shared many ideas and fought over many concepts in developing each of their versions of what became the beginning of psychotherapy. These three scientists came up with the fledgling ideation that led to many modern theories of human behavior, thought, and personality. Most psychologists recognize these three as the pioneers of modern theories. The theories of all three are very complex and difficult to understand (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007). Freud, Jung, and Adler became fast friends through their avid interest in psychology. Alfred Adler, a medical doctor with a deep interest in psychology and human nature, met Freud in their native Vienna in 1900 at a medical conference where Freud presented his new theories about dreams and the unconscious. Freud met Jung and after a mega- meeting of thirteen hours of discussion, became cohorts in spreading the wonder of psychoanalysis (Bridle & Edlestein, 2000, Spring/Summer). Alfred Adler and Carl Jung liked Freud’s definitions of id, ego, and superego, but had no interest in the sexual ideation in his theory. There was also significant tension between Freud and Jung. Freud believed that religion had no place in psychological theory. Carl Jung separated from Sigmund...
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...Introduction to Behavioral Science: Personality Theories Dardree Weah University of Phoenix Sigmund Freud is the founder of psychoanalysis; his model portrays personality as a dynamic system directed by three mental structures: the id, the ego, and the super ego. The id is made up of innate biological instincts and urges. The id operates on the pleasure principle. It is self-serving, irrational, impulsive, and totally unconscious. It seeks to freely express pleasure-seeking urges of all kinds. The id acts as a power source for the entire psyche or personality. The ego is sometimes described as the executive because it directs energies supplied by the id. The ego is guided by the reality principle. It is the system of thinking, planning, and problem solving, and deciding. It is in conscious control of the personality and often delays action until it is practical or appropriate. The super ego acts as a judge or censor for the thoughts and actions of the ego. Freud believed that our behavior expresses unconscious forces. He claims that the unconscious holds repress memories and emotions, plus the instinctual drives of the id. He considered sexual impulses to be a primary source of motivation for a person, and that mental activity is essentially unconscious. Freud identified four psychosexual stages, the oral, the anal, the phallic and genital. At each stage, a different part of the body becomes the child’s primary erogenous zone. Each area then serves as the main source of pleasure...
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...Pasaporte Carl Jung Until the 1910s, Carl Jung was a follower and close friend of Freud’s. Like Freud, Jung believed that unconscious conflicts are important in shaping personality. However, he believed the unconscious has two layers: the personal unconscious, which resembled Freud’s idea, and the collective unconscious, which contains universal memories of the common human past. Jung called these common memories archetypes. Archetypes are images or thoughts that have the same meaning for all human beings. Jung said that archetypes exist in dreams as well as in art, literature, and religion across cultures. According to Jung, the ego represents the conscious mind while the personal unconscious contains memories, including those that have been suppressed. The collective unconscious is a unique component in that Jung believed that this part of the psyche served as a form of psychological inheritance. It contains all of the knowledge and experiences we share as a species. Jung's theory divides the psyche into three parts. The first is the ego,which Jung identifies with the conscious mind. Closely related is the personal unconscious, which includes anything which is not presently conscious, but can be. The personal unconscious is like most people's understanding of the unconscious in that it includes both memories that are easily brought to mind and those that have been suppressed for some reason. But it does not include the instincts that Freud would have it include. But then Jung adds...
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...Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Danielle Bridgewater Psychology of Personality 250 June 04, 2014 Jaime Schuler Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler are known as the pioneers of modern theories (Friedman & Schustack 2012). Their theories have changed psychological standpoints on the human mind and have become the greatest influences on modern psychology. (Friedman & Schustack 2012) Although much has changed over the years, Freud, Jung, and Adler came up with the ideas that has led to the theories of modern human behavior, personality, and thought processes. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) Nonetheless, their views, interests, and opinions were different in psychology. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) All three were psychiatrists. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) Sigmund Freud met Carl Jung after a meeting that lasted 13 hours. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) They became conspiring friends while circulating information on psychoanalysis. (The Science and Practice of Clinical Psychology, 2007) Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler encountered one another at a psychology convention in Vienna. (Bridle & Edelstein, 2000, Spring/Summer) Jung and Adler were fascinated by Freud’s interpretation of ego, superego, and id; however, they had antipathy for Freud’s idealization of sexual theories. (Bridle & Edelstein, 2000, Spring/Summer)...
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...Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Kimberly Cobbs PSY/250 November2, 2011 Dr. Lauren Simmons Sigmund Freud come from a small town called Freiberg in Moravia he was born May 6, 1856 he was a smart child who always stayed at the top of his class he went to medical school. Freud farther was a sharp man who worked as a wool merchant with a firm and steady mind, his mother was the third wife an attractive woman who married his father Jacob Freud he was 20years older than she despite the age difference Sigmund father loved and adore his wife. When Sigmund Freud was around two half years old his mother added a new edition to the family a bouncing baby girl which gave Freud an epitome leaving him in suspense. Since the birth of his sister Sigmund Freud wonder at such an early age about the function of humanity such as confrontation between brothers and sisters, things got a little more unease when Freud realized his two half brothers from a previous marriage lived near him and was effectuated over his mother. Young Freud did not understand why did his half brothers was effectuated with his mother? In later years Freud will remember the tangle erotic relationship of his childhood (Gay, 1998; James, 1953). Martha Bernays and Sigmund met in 1882 were they feel in love and pursue their relationship between one another the couple did not have enough money for an early wedding nor...
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...Personality Theories Sigmund Freud was a Viennese physician that was fascinated by patients of his whose problems were more emotional than physical. He evolved a theory of personality that deeply influenced modern thought. He viewed personality as a dynamic system directed by the id, the ego, and the superego. The id operates on the pleasure principal and is self-serving, irrational, and totally unconscious. It seeks to freely express different kinds of pleasure-seeking urges. The ego directs the engery supplied by the id and is referred to as the “executive. The id forms mental images of what it desire. The ego has the power to direct behavior by relating the desires of the id to external reality. The superego plays the role of a judge. The conscience part of the superego reflects actions for which someone has been punished. When standards are not met, we have an internal feeling of guilt. The other part is the ego ideal, which reflects all behaviors that are approved of or rewarded for. When standards are met, we feel pride. Freud viewed the id, ego, and superego as conflicting mental processes and theorized a delicate balance of power among the three. The id’s demands for pleasure often clash with the moral restrictions of the superego. The ego will try to fulfill the demands of the id and ends up stuck in the middle because the ego wants one thing while the superego wants another. Freud’s theory stated that we feel anxiety when our ego is threatened. We experience neurotic...
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...Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment PSY/250 Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment Over seventy years after his death, Dr. Sigmund Freud is still considered possibly the greatest psychologist who ever lived. Freud had many followers. Two of the most significant followers, Carl Jung and Alfred Adler later join forces with Freud. The trio has been referred to as, The Three Wise Men. In the following text, I will be discussing the differences and similarities of the psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler. I will be discussing a couple of examples of traits adopted from each the theories of these wise men that I agree and disagree with. I will also be discussing the stages of Freud’s theory and characteristics of such. Lastly, I will give three examples of Freudian type defense mechanisms used in every day life scenarios. Freud's innovative treatment method is based off of his own theories of interpretation. In the year of 1900, Alfred Adler, an MD with a curious eye for psychology and the nature of human beings, met Freud in Vienna at a medical conference. Freud shared his most current theories the unconscious mind and how humans dream. During the psychoanalytic movement, most people shared a common, open hostility toward Freud's radical ideas. Adler, on the other hand, could recognize the amazing quality of Freud's first book, The Interpretation of Dreams. In the article, he forced people to open their eyes and be cautious about Freud’s...
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...Carl Jung The term complex was coined by C.G. Jung According to Jungian theory, the mind or psyche is divided into three parts: (1) the conscious ego, (2) the personal unconscious, and (3) the collective unconscious. Jungs ego theory Is similar to Frueds and that the aspect of personality that is conscious and embodies the sence of self (direct quote) Personal unconscious; consist of feelings and thoughts that are not relevant in current awareness. Jung also believed that our dreams restore equilibrium to individuals that have one sided viewpoint. Collective unconscious; is made up of archetypes that consist of powerful emotional symbols. These image are common to all humans that have been passed down since humanity began; images and events normal to everyday life such as the rising and setting of the sun. Animus and anima; Implies that each woman has a masculine side and a parallel innate knowledge of what a male is. The opposite parallels apply to males having a female side. Persona and Shadow; Are two archetypes that represent our inner and outer selves. Persona archetype; this is the part of our persona that we present to society. Shadow archetype; is the dark side of our persona. These are the shameful desires and impulses which lead to unacceptable actions as deemed by the society that we live in. Mother; This archetype embodies fertility and promulgating the human race. Similar to real mothers, the archetype can be good, evil or a combination...
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