...Candice Payne English 102 Research paper on carnival Mardi gras Just the name Mardi gras conjures up images of drunken, bead-wearing revelers dancing through the streets of New Orleans. But how, and when, did this huge mid-winter party get started? Here's a look at the history of Mardi gras throughout the ages and across the nations. Herman states, Historians tell us that the ancient Romans probably kicked off the Mardi gras celebrations. (pg. 115)Their mid-February festival known as Lupercalia honored the god Lupercus, alternately known as the god of fertility and the god of agriculture and pastoral shepherds. In either case, his party definitely had Mardi Gras-like qualities, including days of feasting and drinking. And a little enjoying the "pleasures of the flesh", probably, too -- in fact, the term Carnival, often synonymous with Mardi gras, is derived from the Latin expression meaning "farewell to the flesh." Like most of the ancient Roman and Greek festivals, Lupercalia was adopted and adapted by the Church as a way of subtly converting the local pagans to Christianity. The carnival-like celebration of Lupercalia thus morphed into a last "fling" before the beginning of the Lenten period. Lent refers to the 40 days of pertinence and purification celebrated between Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday. During Lent, the religiously faithful refrain from a number of indulgences of the "flesh", including eating meat. (pg. 220) What began as a Roman-based...
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...and dancing, not to mention the colorful costumes and the nudity of most dancers. It was the annual Carnival. In Brazil, Carnival is the biggest cultural gathering of the year. One whole week is reserved for live music, dancing and partying, and many Brazilians take pride in participating in the parades. Over the years, the celebration has brought about much controversy and sparked the question of whether Carnival has become just another reason to “party,” or if in fact it still has the original cultural and historical purpose. Home to many world renowned beaches, Brazil is a place which has various outstanding geographical landmarks and is the birth place of a well known dance – the “samba” – along with many other dance styles. However, an occasion which this country has come to be really well known for is the annual Carnival celebration. Carnival can be traced back to Ancient Egypt, where it was used to celebrate the spring equinox, the fertility gods’ agricultural revival, and a hope for rain (Greenbaum). To Christians, it means the coming of spring, beginning four days before Ash Wednesday, which marks the start of the Lenten season. Similar to Mardi Gras, Carnival gives people a chance to “let loose” prior to the restrictions enforced by Lent. During Lent, Christians prepare for Easter Sunday by fasting or foregoing favorite foods and activities. Essentially, Carnival became a way in which Brazilians came...
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...Trinidad Carnival Carnival is a festival of colours which is transformed into costumes, calypso, steel band music, dance and different foods and Caribbean art which attracts many people from the different countries. The carnival season is usually during the two weeks before the traditional Christian fasting of Lent. This is celebrated to mark an overturning of daily life.The roots of carnival both lay in Africa and France(Liverpool:57). Trinidad carnival is a very significant festival in the island of Trinidad and Tobago. This festival has evolved from an elegant, exclusive affair to an all inclusive national festival of the country. Therefore in order to understand the meaning of this festival one must look at the acculturation, cultural assimilation and cultural persistence. It is also necessary historical, social, cultural and political background which gave birth to a national celebration. In 1498 Christopher Columbus had step on the soils of Trinidad and claimed the island in the name of the King and Queen of Spain. The country was ruled by Spain for about 300 hundred years and remained much undeveloped. In the 1970s the Bourbon reforms of Charles III, which was designed to rejuvenate flagging colonial effiency, is when the Spanish crown decided to pay attention Trinidad which at that time was thinly populated and uncultivated at that time. A Cedula issued by the Spanish crown in 1776 highlighted the island’s neglected state with no European Spaniards available for...
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...BRIEF INTRODUCTION The very first time the Abuja carnival was held back in 2005, it was amazing and since then has remained an event to look forward to every year .Each year offers different dazzling and spectacular display of the rich and diverse culture of one of Afrca’s richest countries:Nigeria. The Abuja carnival showcases the creative spirit of the Nigerian people and their passon for festivity. This prestigious event is an assemblage of contingents from the 36 states of the country and of course the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. All states converge in Abuja on the set date at the given location and parade through the Abuja metropolis with each state making it’s own unique statement in whatever cultural ensemble, lifestyle or tradition that is theirs. Weeks and sometimes months after the carnival ends, one can still feel the charge of excitement surging through the city. All over, Nigerian people are excited and ready for the lively parades, festive street parties, decorative floats, enlightening cultural exhibitions, fascinating boat regatta, dazzling masquerade extravaganzas, exquisite food fairs and upbeat music concerts. For three days,the people experience a phenomenal celebration to be remembered. Some activities for the event include • Durbar This is an established cultural event commonly found among the people of Northern Nigeria. It is one of the world’s longest processions of horsemen and women and reveals the past glories of the Emirate before the...
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...Carnival Corporation Module 8 Assignment 2 Martha Anne Alvis Argosy University Abstract Carnival Corporation (CCL) has been examined as to the nature of the industry. This paper studies the organizational structure from the Chief Operations Officer to the crew. Looking also into the global locations and the organizational work at several sites in which CCL operates. This paper examines the flow of information and the methods of resolution. Further offering information on strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities in the industry this analysis offers a strategic plan in which CCL could continue to grow its international opportunities through the purchase of another cruise line. A leader in entertainment, CCL remains vigilant for the future. Continuing to seek opportunities is one way to maintain leaderaship in this industry. Carnival Corporation and Carnival PLC Carnival Cruise Lines is an American Dream come true. Started by Ted Arison, the company began operation in 1972 with a single secondhand ship, the Mardi Gras, and barely enough fuel for a one way trip from Miami to San Juan. The level of enthusiasm, Arison relied on to get his vision sailing, was barely adequate to start building the company into a full-fledged cruise line; and in two years, Carnival was still struggling. Arison remained focused on his goal and in 1974, he purchased full ownership of Carnival for $1 in cash and he assumed a debt of $5 million. Arison spent the rest of his life investing...
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...The history of the Venetian Carnival masks will start with the fact that it is a carnival mask, but it didn’t have to be worn only for the carnival purposes it was meant for the person to be there selfs. They would wear the mask to have more fun so they didn’t get looked at afterwards differently. The masks are design with bright colors like gold and silver, there are three different styles the baroque, the Commedia dell’arte or the Venetian style, and could either be full face or just covering the eyes. Now you probably wouldn’t think that there are restriction to wearing them but you aren’t really allowed to wear them all year just a couple mounts out of the year, and it is traditionally wore with the same color beads. Now over the years...
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...The Carnival Cruise Lines case focuses on how Carnival Cruise Lines should strategically exploit enterprise systems and available customer data to perpetuate its success. Specifically, it focuses on the role that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) can play in organizational strategy. Case Questions: 1) Highlight the key characteristics of Carnival Cruises' competitive environment (e.g., major competitors, market position, customers and distribution channels, threat of new entrants, threat of product substitutes)? 2) Describe the IT infrastructure (consider Weill’s article) at Carnival Cruise Lines and the role (current & potential) it plays supporting processes, people and strategy. Given Carnival’s IT infrastructure, are they ready/capable to introduce enterprise systems (CRM in this case). 3) How did Carnival’s management build the line into the dominant brand in the industry? Consider how this approach/strategy relates to CRM? 4) Describe what CRM means to Carnival’s different levels/ages of management (e.g., Dickerson and old guard vs. Newer Management)? Why the different perspectives? 5) Based on your assessment, should Carnival do “CRM”? What should CRM look like at Carnival? Explain your position. 6) How would you go about implementing your strategy at Carnival? What would it take to deliver on your recommendations? Carnival Cruise Lines Case 1. How did CCL’s management build the line into the dominant brand in the...
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...Carnival Cruise Lines is the largest cruise company in North America and carries over 700,000 passengers over a week. Carnival has captured the "fun" psychographic and has a strong reputation for an enjoyable, relaxed cruise. Furthermore, Carnival has a strong market expansion strategy for selling the mass-market cruise category and first-time cruisers. They have a clear vision and knowledge about the industry and a commitment to their brand essence. Because of their strong brand image they are able to achieve double-digit growth in the industry. One area that Carnival needs to improve upon in order to stay competitive within the industry is information technology. Carnival has a large IS group, but the focus has been on maintenance and operations of the existing infrastructure. They had trouble figuring out who to market and using data they had gathered from customers, they could figure out where to focus their energy. One of the issue of Carnival was that they felt like they didn’t need to be the IT innovator but they need to keep up with their competition. Carnival’s management had been discussing what strategy to use in order to get a better understanding of their customers and how to make them loyal to the cruise line. One option was to use CRM software. CRM had been a fad that had recently swept the industry, but due to Carnival's conservative stance toward IT they decided not to implement it. I think that CRM could help Carnival gather and analyze customer data in order...
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...Caso Carnival 1. Pienso que Carnival Cruise Lines trató de darle un valor y una importancia a la crisis que verdaderamente no era lo que sentían. Considero que se estaban preocupando mas por lo que dijeran los medios de comunicación y no por la situación personal de cada uno de los individuos que viajaban como pasajeros en el Costa Concordia. 2. Yo le hubiese aconsejado al CEO que tratara de manejar la situación un poco mas directa en relación a la situación o la crisis que estaba enfrentando la compañía y que no le diera tanta importancia al valor económico y mucho menos ofreciendo descuentos, yo creo que ante esa situación es muy poco probable que algún pasajero de los que viajaba en el Costa Concordia quisiera volver a viajar en un crucero. 3. Aquí es donde me doy cuenta que para ellos era mucho mas importante las perdidas que estaban enfrentando y las que enfrentarían y no realmente la situación de cada uno de esos pasajeros. Creo que puede ser que como pudieron salvar la visa de la mayoría de los pasajeros intentaron tratar de recobrar la confianza y lo hicieron de la peor forma que existe. Como dije anteriormente, no creo que algún pasajero del Costa Concordia quisiera volver a viajar en un crucero, no tan solo Carnival Cruises, si no de cualquier otra línea. 4. Yo creo que aquí, directamente en cuanto a relaciones publicas el cambio primordial es el líder de la compañía. Aparte de eso el manejo de los medios de comunicación y las estrategias que para ellos eran...
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...Carnival Cruise Lines DATE: May 21, 2015 TO: Gerry Cahil Subject: Carnival Splendor I’m writing this memo in correspondence to the events that occurred on the Carnival Splendor, along with issues and their implications with recommendations for action and how to communicate these solutions to all who are affected. On Sunday, November 7, 2010, Carnival Splendor departed from Long Beach, California for a weeklong cruise of the Mexican Riviera, carrying 3,299 guests and 1,167 crew members. At 6:00 am on Monday, November 8, 2010, a fire starting in the aft engine room caused failure to one of six diesel generators. The fire was extinguished within hours by crew members with no injuries to passengers or crew. The intense heat severely damaged the power lines housed in the ceiling of the aft engine room causing the forward engine room to become inoperable. Engineers were unable to restore ship power thus having to use auxiliary generators, resulting in no telecommunication service, refrigerated food, sanitation problems and disabled elevators, amongst other inconveniences. Guests were evacuated to the upper level of the ship and later allowed to return to their cabins. Food and drinks were provided to guests until they arrived back in San Diego the morning of Thursday, November 11, 2010 (O’Rourke, 2013, p. 140). The major issue at hand is the actual fire that started in the engine room. The fire disabled all power generation onboard although the ship was designed to ensure...
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...Alicia Trezza Zak Jones Carnival Cruise Lines 1. Conduct a SWOT analysis for Carnival: what are its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats? In doing so, please evaluate its major competitors. Strengths - Carnival has 75 ships in its fleet and is continuing to brand the company as the “fun ships” - There are large barriers of entry into the cruise businesses. Ships are extremely costly and time consuming to build. - Carnival cruises provide a vacation that includes all activities, food, beverages and transportation to multiple destinations in one low price, appealing the budget friendly cruisers. - Carnival builds it ships specifically for entertainment and fun, the most important factors people are looking for when booking a vacation. - Carnival markets to all travel agents. With a variety of cruise ship offerings, Carnival has vacations that appeal to a variety of demographics, budgets and niches. - Carnival has ample opportunity during each cruise for ancillary revenues. Even through the cruises are “all-inclusive”, Carnival charges for short off boat excursions, casino play, and alcohol. - Ships almost always sailed full and satisfaction rates were extremely high. Weaknesses - Past issues, such as one ship hitting a sandbar on the first voyage leave lingering impressions on vacationers. - Customer loyalty is low. It appears customers are only willing to take 1-2 cruise vacations in a few year spans, despite Carnival’s high satisfaction ratings. -...
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...CARNIVAL CORPORATION STRATEGY REPORT GRIFFIN CONSULTING GROUP Benjamin Levin Jennifer Jones Tom Slade Wednesday, April 11, 2012 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... 4 Company Background ................................................................................................................ 5 History ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Costa Concordia Incident .......................................................................................................... 6 Business Model and Operations Summary .......................................................................... 8 Five Forces Framework ............................................................................................................. 11 Internal Rivalry ...................................................................................................................... 11 Supplier Power ....................................................................................................................... 13 Buyer Power............................................................................................................................ 14 Entry and Exit ....................................................................................................................
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...April 13, 2014 Carnival Cruise Lines 3655 NW 87th Avenue Miami, FL 33178 Dear Carnival Cruise Lines Guest I realize that many of you experienced a hardship upon one of our vessels The Carnival Splendor and I would like to take this opportunity to express our deep regret for the discomfort you encountered. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank many of you who have written me personally to express your support. Our number one concern was to ensure the safety and welfare of our guests and crew and to get them home as soon as possible. Our staff worked tirelessly to take care of you and minimize your discomfort and inconvenience. We also focused on making sure your loved ones stayed up-to-date on the situation through the use of Twitter, Facebook, and our Funville blog. The safety and security of our guests remains of the utmost importance to all of us here at Carnival. I understand many people do not believe our vessels to be safe. This is just not the case. All Carnival officers and crew undergo comprehensive regular safety and emergency training that meets or exceeds all regulatory requirements. Also, Carnival ships undergo an inspection as mandated by the U.S. Coast Guard every 3-6 months which verifies safety processes and procedures. In addition, a third-party organization conducts annual inspections of the ship and our safety processes. As you can see our safety processes are first-rate and a priority for all crew and guests. I believe you...
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...Case Study Title: “Carnival Cruise Lines” Program MSC HTM 544: Strategic Management for Travel and Tourism Business Instructor Name: Professor: Ada Lo Student Name: Zheng Chen Jerry 1 Jerry, (Zheng Chen) 鄭晨 13105284g Table of Content Vision ＆ Mission ＆ Goals ＆ Strategies ....................................... 3 Vision of Carnival ........................................................................................... 3 Mission Statement of Carnival ........................................................................ 3 Strategies being pursued by Carnival .............................................................. 3 Its Long-term Goals ......................................................................................... 3 Congruence of Mission, vision, goals, strategy and business model of Carnival............................................................................................................ 4 An internal factor analysis summary .......................................................... 5 External factor analysis summary ............................................................... 6 Strategic Groups within the Cruise industry ................................................ 7 Facing Issues and Solutions .............................................................................. 8 Issues............................................................................................................
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...Carnival Cruise Lines The company founded in 1970s is a market leader in the cruise vacationing category. It comes under Carnival Corporation which has a portfolio of 12 cruise lines and 75 ships. The operations are mainly in North America (where they sailed from 19 home-port cities). The company has its headquarters in Miami and is perceived as “Fun Ships” by the customers. Carnival Corporation has a market share of 51.6 % (North American Cruise Capacity). Carnival Corporation is currently having the best year in its history. Carnival Cruise Lines currently has a fleet of 20 ships and would be adding the 21st ship to the fleet in the next year. They are the leaders in the low-price segment. Cruise Industry Background * Cruise vacationing was the fastest-growing category of the North American leisure-travel industry * Only 16% of the North Americans have ever cruised (huge potential) * 70 Brands serve the North American market since the 1960s but the Top 10 Brands control 95% of the Market share * North America accounts for 74% of cruise passenger capacity while Europe accounts for 23% * Cruise Lines targeting the North America market operates in four segments – contemporary (mass-market), premium, destination (speciality) and luxury. The luxury and destination segments accounts for only about 5% of the market Case The company is looking ahead to opportunities and challenges * There is a branding initiative designed to narrow the gap between Carnival’s...
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