...Syllabus Certified General Accountants Association of Canada 100 – 4200 North Fraser Way Burnaby, British Columbia Canada V5J 5K7 www.cga-canada.org © CGA-Canada, 2013 All rights reserved. These materials or parts thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner without the prior written permission of the Certified General Accountants Association of Canada. Printed in Canada ISBN for an individual volume: 978-1-55219-599-4 About CGA-CANADA _________________________________________ CGA-Canada today The CGA designation focuses on integrity, ethics, and the highest education requirements. Recognized as the country’s accounting business leaders, CGAs provide strategic counsel, financial leadership, and overall direction to all sectors of the Canadian economy. The Certified General Accountants Association of Canada — CGA-Canada — sets standards, develops education programs, publishes professional materials, advocates on public policy issues, and represents CGAs nationally and internationally. The Association represents 75,000 CGAs and students in Canada, Bermuda, the Caribbean, Hong Kong, and China. Mission CGA-Canada advances the interests of its members and the public through national and international representation and the establishment of professional standards, practices, and services. A proud history CGA-Canada was founded in Montréal in 1908 under the leadership of John Leslie, vicepresident of the Canadian Pacific Railway. From the beginning, its objective...
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...Assignment front sheet Learner name Ye Wint Maung Date issued 7.11.2013 Qualification Pre-Master Certificate in Business Studies Assessor name Daw Mu Mu Theint Completion date 6.11.2013 Unit number and title Unit – 1 – 4, Pre-Master Course Units Submitted on 7.11.2013 Assignment title Personal & Professional Development Plan (Assignment 1 of 1 ) In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. Criteria reference 1.1 To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the student is able to: Use appropriate method to evaluate personal skills required to achieve strategic goals Apply technique to assess the professional skills required to support the strategic direction of the organization Carry out a skills audit to evaluate the strategic skills needed to meet current and future leadership requirements Task no. Evidence 1 1.2 1 2.1 2 2.2 Apply appropriate techniques to identify preferred learning style Construct a personal development plan that meets leadership development requirements identified in the skill audit Use suitable methods to assess the outcomes of the personal development plan against personal work objectives Evaluate the impact of own learning against the achievement of strategic goals 2 3.1 2 3.2 2 3.3 2 Learner declaration I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and...
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...Auditor Independence and Non-Audit Services: A Literature Review Vivien Beattie University of Stirling and Stella Fearnley University of Portsmouth TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of tables and list of figures About the authors v vi List of abbreviations vii Executive summary ix Part 1 Auditor independence 1 Introduction 1 1.1 1 1.2 The ‘problem’ of non-audit services (NAS) 1 1.3 The current UK regulatory and professional environment 2 1.4 Motivation for this study 3 1.5 2 The role of audit in regulating capital markets Structure of report 3 Auditor independence 4 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2 Definitions of auditor independence 4 2.3 Economic models of auditor independence not including NAS 5 2.4 Models of auditor pricing and independence in the presence of NAS 5 2.5 2.6 Economic power models of auditor independence Moral psychology, ethical reasoning and independence 8 8 2.7 Broader based studies into auditor decision making 9 2.8 Summary and comments 11 Part 2 Current regulatory frameworks 3 Auditor independence and NAS: analysis of current regulatory frameworks 3.1 Introduction 13 13 3.2 Regulation of auditor independence 13 3.3 Independence in professional and legal regulatory frameworks 13 3.4 3.5 Independence and NAS Overall economic dependence 19 22 3.6 Small companies 22 ...
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...3 2.1 INTERNAL AUDITOR ROLES 3 2.2 THE REPORTING AND OBJECTIVITY RELATIONSHIP OF THE INTERNAL AUDITOR 4 3. COLLABORATION IN PRACTICE 5 3.1 COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION 5 3.2 PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS 5 3.3 RECORDING AND TESTING ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS 6 3.4 SUBSTANTIVE TESTS 6 4. CONSEQUENCES OF INFLUENCE 7 5. RELIANCE IMPROVEMENTS 8 5.1 ATTEMPTS FOR IMPROVEMENT 8 5.2 INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY AND COMMUNICATION METHOD FOR INTERNAL AUDITORS AND EXTERNAL AUDITORS 8 5.3 FURTHER EDUCATION IS SIGNIFICANT 9 5.4 A HARMONIOUS WORKING ENVIRONMENT MAKES THINGS DIFFERENT 9 5.5 LEGISLATION 9 6. CONCLUSIONS 10 7. REFERENCES 11 8. APPENDIX...
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...Table of Contents 1.0 Abstract 2 2.0 Introduction 3 3.0 Objective of the case-study 5 4.0 Literature Review 6 4.1 The Corporate Kitchen 6 4.2 Recipe 7 4.3 Finished dish 7 5.0 Result and discussion 8 5.1 MEMSTECH 8 Enter the corporate kitchen 8 The cooking recipes. 14 The finished dish 15 6.0 Conclusion 17 Appendix 18 Bibliography 19 Abstract Financial statement fraud is a very costly type of fraud and has a significant financial impact on the company businesses and also individuals, as well as influence investor confidence in the markets. In this project, our group will going to present on a case study in Financial Statement Fraud by a company that we choose. First of all, in this report we will investigate on our background of the Case Study Company which is MEMS TECHNOLOGY BHD. In the case study, we will determine the current status of the company and how the financial statement fraud will give impact to the organization by referring to the company’s annual report 2009. Hence, in this report we will give some practical guide on the different schemes and components that are used for detection on the Financial Statement Fraud that might be probably incurred in the company annual report 2009. 2.0 Introduction Financial reporting frauds and earnings manipulation have attracted high profile attention recently. The generally accepted definition of the financial statement fraud is the deliberate...
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...Introduction Flat Cargo Berhad (FCB) is an air freight services and ground handling company. Its company’s operations cover Asian Pacific region including China, Japan, Thailand, Singapore and many more. Their main customers are United Parcel Services (UPS), City Link and Nationwide Express. The main shareholder for FCB is Bangor Sdn Bhd which is part of Miri Group represented by 26.5% of the company interest. Kencana & Associates is the auditor company that audit FCB’s account. The leader of the auditors is Mr Chuah Mun Soong. The auditing team found some irregularities in accounting record of FCB. There are two parties which Mr Chuah has to report, they are his superior, Mr Keong Chee Wah and FCB Audit Committee. However, Mr Chuah concerns that FCB might have a fraud due to the past experience such as Media Com and Blue Vital. 2.0 The Root Cause of the Problems As per our discussion about this case study, we managed to find out several root cause of the problems. 2.1 Rising of Oil Price The first root cause is the rising in oil price in the year 2005. In the year 2005, there was an international crisis occurred with the exceptional increase in oil prices. The hike started in mid-2004 at US$40 per barrel but eventually, the increase continued to stages of US$50, US$60, US$65, US$70 and US$80 per barrel. The price hike in fuel surcharges drastically affected the freight forwarding industry significantly because of its reliance on fuel for operations. This rising...
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...A CONTEMPORARY AUDITING REAL ISSUES AND CASES Seventh Edition Michael C. Knapp University of Oklahoma ; \ 1% SOUTH-WESTERN CENGAGE Learning- Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States CONTENTS SECTION 1 Comprehensive Cases 1 Case 1.1 Enron Corporation 3 Arthur Edward Andersen established a simple motto that he required his subordinates and clients to invoke: "Think straight, talk straight." For decades, that motto sewed Arthur Andersen & Co. well. Unfortunately, the firm's association with one client, Enron Corporation, abruptly ended Andersen's long and proud history in the public accounting profession. K Y TOPICS: history of the public accounting profession in the United States, scope of E professional services provided to audit clients, auditor independence, and retention of audit workpapers. ; Case 1.2 Just for FEET, Inc. 23 In the fall of 1999, just a few months after reporting a record profit for fiscal 1998, Just for Feet collapsed and filed for bankruptcy. Subsequent investigations by law enforcement authorities revealed a massive accounting fraud that had grossly misrepresented the company's reported operating results. Key features of the fraud were improper accounting for "vendor allowances" and intentional understatements of the company's inventory valuation allowance. K Y TOPICS: applying analytical procedures, identifying inherent risk and control risk E factors, need for auditors to monitor...
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...ISSUES IN ACCOUNTING EDUCATION Vol. 24, No. 2 May 2009 pp. 237–252 If You Need Love, Get a Puppy: A Case Study on Professional Skepticism and Auditor Independence Robert L. Braun and H. Lynn Stallworth ABSTRACT: The purpose of this teaching case is to expand students’ understanding of the concepts of professional skepticism and independence. The case is based on an actual incident and illustrates the exercise of professional skepticism by a staff auditor who finds himself in the uncomfortable situation of accusing a friend of fraud. The case demonstrates the difficult personal and professional choices that auditors must sometimes make. In analyzing the case, students consider auditor independence rules, as well as the concepts of independence in appearance and independence in mental attitude. Students are asked to identify the types of audit evidence and internal controls needed to detect and prevent the fraud, and to consider the appropriate audit response to an adverse situation. Keywords: auditing; professional skepticism; fraud; independence; internal controls; misappropriation of assets. L THE CASE ife is good, thought Will Stallard as he got into his truck that October morning. He could have been thinking of any one of a number of things—his wife of seven years, his beautiful baby girl, or his job as a staff auditor at Dykstra, Banister, and Huston (DB&H), a CPA firm with offices in Montgomery and Mobile, Alabama. Or, maybe it was the slight chill in the air and the...
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...Combined Supporting Notes and Technical Specifications including Units for ------------------------------------------------- ILM Level 5 NVQ Diploma in Management (8331) Version 4 20/08/2010 © The Institute of Leadership and Management (ILM) 2012 © The Institute of Leadership and Management (ILM) 2012 Supporting Notes for ILM QCF NVQs | This document is intended for current ILM centres and contains supporting notes for ILM National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) in the QCF. The main purpose of this document is to act as a refresher to help reacquaint our centres with some of the key sections covered in the ILM Centre Manual and provide guidance to assist a centre in preparing to deliver an ILM NVQ. This a generic document and should always be read in conjunction with the ILM QCF NVQ Qualification Specifications Part 2 Technical Info document and the ILM Centre Manual (www.i-l-m.com/centres). IMPORTANT NOTES: * This document replaces the previous ILM NVQ Level 2, 3, 5, and 7 General Qualification Information for QCF NVQs. * 2011 SCQF SVQs are now standalone products and are no longer S/NVQs. They have separate specifications to meet SQA and SCQF requirements. Please refer to our SVQ webpage’s for detail and SVQ resources section online * Centres should be aware that the specifications for NQF Team Leading and Management NVQs at Levels 2, 3, 4, 5 should continue to be followed for learners who have been registered on this version of the...
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...Contents CHAPTER 01 3 About the report 3 1.1Introduction 4 1.2 Origin of the Report 5 1.3 Literature Review 5 1.4 Objectives of the Study 7 1.5 Methodology/ Design of the Study 7 1.6 Limitations of the study 8 CHAPTER 02 9 Overview of management control systems 9 2.1Management Control Systems (MCS) 10 2.2Elements of Management Control 11 2.3Boundaries of Management Control 11 2.4 Benefits of management control systems 12 2.5 Limitations of Management control systems 12 CHAPTER 03 13 Management control systems and strategy: 13 A critical analysis 13 3.1 Relationship between Management control systems and strategy 14 3.2 Levels of strategy from organization point of view 14 3.2.1Corporate-Level Strategy 14 3.2.2 Business Unit Strategies 15 3.2.2.1 Business Unit Mission 15 3.2.2.2 Business Unit Competitive Advantage 15 3.4 Responsibility Centers 16 3.4.1 Nature of Responsibility Centers. 16 3.5 types of Responsibility Centers 17 3.5.1 Revenue Centers 17 3.5.2 Expenses Centers 17 3.5.3 Profit Centers 18 3.5.4 Investment center 21 3.6 Concept of Transfer Pricing in relation to Responsibility center 22 CHAPTER 04 23 Budgeting and performance measurement 23 4.1Budgeting as a Control Mechanism 24 4.2Business performance management 25 4.3Balanced Scorecard 26 CHAPTER 05 29 FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION 29 5.1 Findings 30 5.2 Conclusion 30 5.3Bibliography 31 CHAPTER 01 About the report 1.1Introduction To introduce this topic and understanding the...
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...Pages I1–I10 American Accounting Association DOI: 10.2308/ciia-50775 INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE ABC Electronics: An Instructional Case Illustrating Auditors’ Use of Preliminary Analytical Procedures Paul M. Clikeman and Jamie Diaz SUMMARY: This instructional case demonstrates auditors’ use of analytical procedures during the planning/risk assessment phase of a financial statement audit. An Excel spreadsheet enables instructors to embed up to seven operating problems or potential accounting issues into a fictitious consumer electronics manufacturer’s current year financial statements. Questionnaires from students at two universities indicate that the case is effective at helping undergraduate auditing students understand (1) auditors’ use of analytical procedures during the planning stage of the audit, and (2) the types of accounting issues and operating problems that might be identified using analytical procedures. Keywords: analytical procedures, audit planning. INTRODUCTION Professional audit standards require auditors to perform analytical procedures during the planning and final review stages of each financial statement audit (AICPA 2012, AU 329; PCAOB 2012, AS 12). This instructional case focuses on analytical procedures performed during audit planning. The purpose of performing analytical procedures early in the audit is to enhance the auditor’s understanding of the client’s business and identify accounting issues, operating problems, or unusual transactions...
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...Ahmed Lecturer Department Of Accounting And Information Systems University Of Dhaka. Submitted By: Group No. 02 ID 18003 18051 18053 18073 18089 18200 NAME Safiqur Rahman Mahadin Anik Mahmudul Islam Arnab Kumar Chakrabartty Abdullah Al Noman Namrata Chakma Date of Submission: November 11, 2014. 1|Page This Report Includes The Following Contents Chapter No. Contents Page No. 01.Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Introduction. Scope of the report. Objective of the report. Limitations of the report. What is corporate fraud? Kinds of corporate frauds. Reasons for corporate fraud. Auditor’s role. Bangladesh perspective. Findings of the study. 03 03 03 04 04 05 05 06 09 10 02.Literature Review 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 03.Findings Of The Study 3.1 04.Conclusion & Recommendations 4.1 4.2 Conclusion. Recommendations. 12 13 05. References. 5.1 References. 14 2|Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 WHAT IS CORPORATE FRAUD AND WHAT WE ARE GOING TO DO THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE REPORT? The term ‘Fraud’ essentially includes the use of deception to make some personal gains for oneself dishonestly obviously and create some losses for another within the organization or outside the organization. Although definitions of corporate fraud vary in different situations, most of them are based on these general themes. The term ‘Corporate Fraud’ usually includes activities such as corruption, misuse of accounts, payroll fraud, embezzlement, theft, conspiracy, money laundering, extortion and bribery...
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...of CSR 2.2 Evolution of CSR 2.3 Emergence of CSR 3 Literature Review 3.1 Carroll's CSR Pyramid 3.2 Purpose of the firm and how that shapes views on CSR 3.3 Arguments for and against CSR 3.3.1 Arguments Against 3.3.2 Arguments For 3.3.3 Summary of the key debates 4 Methodology 5 CSR at Apple Inc. 5.1 Apple's profile 5.2 Reasons to engage in CSR 5.3 CSR policies at Apple Inc. 5.4 Type of CSR approach taken by Apple Inc. 5.5 Key dilemmas within CSR challenges 5.5.1. Labour and human rights 5.5.2. Workers’ health and safety 5.6 CSR tactics at Apple Inc. 6 Conclusion 7 References Word Count: 2837 1 Executive Summary Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been highly regarded by most corporations. However, the exact reason why corporations implement CSR initiatives is often very vague and confusing to others. This paper will explore in depth how international corporations are motivated to incorporate CSR into the business strategies and how they deal with it. Based on academic references, the report firstly outlined the CSR background as well as some theory and key debates about CSR. Then, the methodology was summarized. After that, the case study of Apple Inc. was used to demonstrate the reasons for implementing CSR initiatives in depth. Following that, the types of dilemmas the company faced, the CSR approach and tactics it used were analyzed. Finally, a conclusion was drawn at the end of the paper. 2 CSR Background 2.1 Definition of CSR In...
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...each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Baker, J. J., & Baker, R. W. (2011). Health care finance: Basic tools for nonfinancial managers (3rd ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Overview of Health Care Finance Details Objectives 1.1 Define basic health care finance terms. 1.2 Describe the four segments that comprise a financial management system. 1.3 Identify financial reporting practices & ethical stds of conduct. Read the Week One Read Me First. Due Self Study Points N/A Reading Self Study Self Study Self Study N/A...
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...Carrefour- a Comparison of the behaviour of Carrefour in and outside China in terms of CSR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Table of contents - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Executive summary I. Chapter – Introduction 1. Purpose of the Study 2. Objective of the study 3. The setup of the study II. Chapter – Carrefour’s position in China 2.1 Chinas retail market at a glance 2.2 Carrefour’s role in China III. Chapter – The purpose of CSR for multinational companies 3.1 The definition of CSR 3.2 The growing importance of CSR in China 3.3 The importance of Human Rights 3.4 Human Rights in China 3.5 Carrefour’s general employment practice standards 3.6 Carrefour Europe vs. Carrefour China 3.7 Conclusion VI. Chapter – Environmental concerns and CSR 4.1 Environment 4.2 Environmental Problems in China 4.3 Carrefour Europe vs. Carrefour China V. Chapter – Food Safety problematic and CSR 5.1 Food Safety 5.2 International Food Standards and Initiatives 5.3 Food Safety in China 5.4 Carrefour Europe vs. Carrefour China Literature Internet - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Executive summary China is one of the countries where globalisation has led to a significant change of the economical as well as the social frameworks. Multinational corporations are expending in...
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