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Case Study: Gant V. Arizona

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Arizona state police arrested Rodney Gant who had a warrant for driving with a suspended license. This was after police had received notification of possible illegal drug activity in the house which he opened the door. He told them that owner was not home but was expected to return later that day. After leaving the house, officers ran background checks which showed that he had a suspended driver's license and an outstanding traffic court warrant for his arrest. When police approached the house once again later that day, they encountered two people there. A woman was in a car parked in front of the house and a man was in backyard of the house. The woman consented a car search and was then put under custody for drug paraphernalia, and the man was also arrested for giving police false information. Soon after, Gant returned to the house driving a car which gave officers another reason to arrest him since his license was suspended, along with the arrest warrant. Once he was handcuffed and placed in a vehicle, officers proceeded and searched his car. In the car, they found a handgun and a plastic bag of cocaine. During the trial, Gant asked the judge to suppress the evidence that was found in the car and argued that they had no search warrant to go through his vehicle which is a violation of the Fourth Amendment. This Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. Gant’s argument was denied by the trial court, ruling that because Gant was in the car immediately before his arrest, the search was sufficiently related.

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