...much worse in this world than not getting an ounce of sleep! Well, unfortunately millions of people across the globe suffer from some type of sleeping disorder. Whether it is insomnia keeping you up all night, or maybe even sleep apnea preventing you from getting a solid full nights rest. Today, I will go over some of the more common sleep disorders that are plaguing people around the globe. Insomnia Not only are sleep disorders extremely common, affecting virtually everyone at some point in their lives, but they can also lead to serious stress and other health concerns. Insomnia is by far the most common sleep disorder, affecting nearly 60 percent of U.S. adults at least one night each week. Common symptoms of insomnia include difficulty falling asleep and waking up before it is time to get up. There are many factors that can contribute to insomnia including stress and undetected physical medical conditions. Studies have shown that stress is the leading cause of insomnia among the affected population. Typical treatments include sleeping pills and behavior therapy. Practicing good sleep habits can often be effective for treating mild cases of insomnia. Sleep apnea Sleep apnea is the second most common sleep disorder and affects approximately 20 million Americans. Sleep apnea affects the way you breathe when you’re sleeping. In untreated sleep apnea, breathing is briefly interrupted or becomes very shallow during sleep. These breathing pauses typically last between 10 to...
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...Sleep Disorder: Causes and effects to an individual Most of us have already or are experiencing trouble in sleeping every night or every time we’re trying to sleep. This might be normal and usually temporary due to stress, night terrors or some different issues. But if sleep problems are a regular occurrence and interfere with the daily life, we may be suffering from a sleep disorder. Sleep disorders cause more than just sleepiness, there are so many causes. The lack of quality of sleep can have a negative impact on our energy, emotional balance, and health to us. Sleep disorders also are serious enough to interfere with our normal physical, mental and social state. And in worst case, death because of sleepiness and mental condition cause of sleeping disorders. Sleep can affect our overall health. In many cases, people in good health tend to sleep well, whereas those suffering from repeated sleeping problems might have an underlying medical or mental health problem, it may be in minor or serious. Sleeping well is good to physical health and emotional well-being. Unfortunately, even minimal sleep loss can take a toll on mood, energy, efficiency, and ability to handle stress. People with daytime sleepiness are physically fatigue, have a tendency of falling asleep in unsuitable places at unsuitable times, and have poor concentration. Ignoring sleep problems and disorders can lead to poor health, accidents, impaired job performance, and relationship stress. It’s not normal...
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...When having a child even at a young age its important to get them on a sleeping schedule. A case studied tested of 1,138 children sleep duration pattern measured at age’s 2.5 years and every year after that until 6 years old. The sleeping pattern can be a risk factor to obesity in children with environmental factors controlled. According to Touchette et al.’s (2008) “the relationship between sleep duration patterns and BMI was tested using multivariate logistic regression models to control for potentially confounding factors”. The results of this studied showed 4 sleep duration patterns shown through out the children. These four sleeping duration patterns according to Touchette et al.’s (2008), “short persistent (5.2%), short increasing (4.7%),...
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...their school days too early, not letting young people get enough sleep for development and academic success. One of the reasons schools should start later is that they are not starting at the recommended time set by the American Academy of Pediatrics of 8:30. A new study was published from the Centers of Disease Control (CDC) that states that less than one in five middle and high schools in America starts...
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...Introduction “Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that belongs to the group of conditions called motor system disorders”. PD cannot yet be cured and patients get worse over time as the normal bodily functions, including breathing, balance, movement, and heart function worsen. The most common type of Parkinson disease is idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), first described by James Parkinson, an English physician, in 1817 as paralysis agitans (the shaking palsy). Parkinson’s disease most often occurs after the age of 50 and is one of the most common nervous system disorders of the elderly. PD is caused by the progressive loss of dopamine brain cells (neurons) in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra. It is characterized by tremor, slowness of movements (bradykinesia), stiffness (rigidity). Postural imbalance and gait disturbances. Other symptoms can include depression and anxiety etc. (causes, diagnosis, treatment and symptoms refer appendix I). One approach to reducing the symptoms of PD is through the use of exercise. Traditional exercise approaches to deal with gait and balance difficulties may include dynamic balance training, treadmill training, or strength training. Recommendations have been made regarding key components of an exercise program designed for those with PD. Keus et al. recommend four key areas: i) cueing strategies to improve gait, ii) cognitive movement strategies to improve transfers, iii) exercises to...
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...A person’s state of consciousness is defined as the individual’s awareness of his or her own thoughts, memories, emotions, and external stimuli in their specific environment. In recent years, researchers have explored states of consciousness during sleep and have debated whether or not people who perform actions while asleep are actually in a reduced state of consciousness. Many cases in the past have shown people completing complicated and often unbelievable actions while sleeping. Some instances include sleep eating, sleep sex and even sleep murder. One case in particular that caused much controversy is the Kenneth Park’s sleep murder case. Parks was a 23-year-old Toronto man with a wife and infant daughter. Parks had severe anxiety and insomnia due to his own gambling debts and lack of a job. Parks stole $32,000 from the electric company that employed him and was later fired after charges were brought against him....
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...free running sleep/wake cycle rhythm of 25 hours. Siffre (1975) * Case study of his own experiences in an underground cave for 2 months. Without any exogenous zeitgebers such as light or cues to guide him, his sleep/wake cycle generally adjusted to a 25 hour cycle, though sometimes changing dramatically up to 48 hours. Aschoff and Weaver (1976) * Designed a temporal isolation study by placing participants in an underground ww2 bunker without an environmental or time cues. * They found that the free running cycle persisted with a sleep wake cycle of 25 hours, sometimes increasing to 29. Weakness into research of circadian rhythms * Lack internal validity. * They removed natural light sources, artificial light from torches and cameras have been shown to reset the endogenous rhythms, thus interfering as an extraneous variable. Exemplified through Czeisler et al (1999) * Altered participants’ circadian rhythms down to 22 hours and up to 28 only using dim lighting to alter his release of melatonin from the pineal gland. * Findings do not reflect true isolation and have lower internal validity, so his rhythm may not have adjusted so well if he had been truly isolated. Siffre’s study * Criticised for being a case study reflecting Siffre’s personal individual differences which cannot be generalised to the wider population * His motivation to be isolated and his bodily history of cave exploring). Use of animals in studies investigating...
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...home (especially birds and cats) Pertinent nasal problems: deviated septum, chronic sinusitis Allergies: particularly airborne particles such as animal dander, dust mites, cockroach droppings Medications he is currently taking: opioids, modafinil (Provigil), amphetamines (prescribed and illegal), OTC drugs, and herbals 2. The two main types of sleep apnea are Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Central Sleep Apnea (CSA). OSA is the more common type and is usually a result of obesity. Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when the muscles in the back of your throat relax. These muscles support the soft palate, the triangular piece of tissue hanging from the soft palate (uvula), the tonsils, the side walls of the throat and the tongue. When the muscles relax, your airway narrows or closes as you breathe in, and you can't get an adequate breath in. This may lower the level of oxygen in your blood. Your brain senses this inability to breathe and briefly rouses you from sleep so that you can reopen your airway. This awakening is usually so brief that you don't remember it. Central sleep apnea or CSA is a less common form of sleep apnea that occurs when your brain fails to transmit signals to your breathing muscles. This means you make no effort to breathe for a short period of time. You may awaken with shortness of breath or have a difficult time getting to...
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...Saide Saddiq Case Study Sept. 10, 2014 Member is 45-year-old female with 31% body fat. She wants to lose 20 lbs. and weighs 150 currently. Her last time working out was 15 years ago in college. She has high blood pressure. She sits in a desk all day at the computer. What should her healthy body fat range be? A healthy body fat range for her at her age would be about 20%-30%. What would be some concerns to look for during an assessment? * Heart Rate * How quick she reaches fatigue * Ability to maintain own body weight * Flexibility and stiffness What would you do for an assessment? * For initial assessment, I would take down all her information including medical history and the risk factor assessment, I would also ask for a doctors notice stating that she is okay to participate in physical activity. Then I would put her through 10min of a series of simple dynamic stretches to get her blood flowing and also be able to see where some of her flexibility and stiffness levels are. After that I would put her through the push up/sit up test to be able to assess her ability to maintain her own body weight and see where her strengths and weaknesses are there. After that, I would have her walk on a elevated treadmill for 15mins as I closely monitor her heart rate to ensure she isn’t going too hard and nor not going hard enough, and is walking at a perfect pace. At this point I should have all the information needed for a complete assessment. What...
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...University of Phoenix Material Week 1 Assignment Worksheet Matching Match the following descriptions to the correct perspective: 1. ___B.___ perspective focuses on how learning experiences affect behavior, and focuses on behavior that is observable. 2. __E___ perspective focuses on the effect of unresolved conflicts from childhood, and how those conflicts unconsciously shape behavior. 3. __D___ perspective focuses on free will, conscious choices, and self-awareness, and views humans as distinct individuals with unique characteristics. 4. ___C__ perspective examines the mental processes used to obtain knowledge, and focuses on how information is processed, stored, retrieved, and manipulated. 5. __A___ perspective focuses on how factors like age, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and income level influence behavior, attitudes, and mental processes. A. Sociocultural B. Behavioral C. Cognitive D. Humanistic E. Psychodynamic Table Provide a description of the function of the structures or hormones listed. |Structure |Hormone(s) released (if applicable) |Description or function | |Frontal lobe |CRH Corticotropin-releasing hormone |Helps with decision making | |Somatosensory cortex |CRH |Sensory receptive area for the sense of touch...
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...The Oswestry Disability Index Jeremy C. T. Fairbank, MD, FRCS,* and Paul B. Pynsent, PhD† tried. The questionnaire had been published in 198038 and widely disseminated from the 1981 meeting of the International Society for the Study of the Lumbar Spine (ISSLS) in Paris. The objects of this article are: To present the various versions of the ODI instrument for comparison ● To review the various efforts that have been made to validate this questionnaire ● To compare the scores obtained in studies of different patient population both before and after treatment ● To review the methodology of outcome measurement ● To consider what is actually measured by this and similar instruments ● Study Design. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) has become one of the principal condition-specific outcome measures used in the management of spinal disorders. This review is based on publications using the ODI identified from the authors’ personal databases, the Science Citation Index, and hand searches of Spine and current textbooks of spinal disorders. Objectives. To review the versions of this instrument, document methods by which it has been validated, collate data from scores found in normal and back pain populations, provide curves for power calculations in studies using the ODI, and maintain the ODI as a gold standard outcome measure. Summary of Background Data. It has now been 20 years since its original publication. More than 200 citations exist in the Science Citation Index. The authors...
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...minds to envision what we want to see at night. I will also include a brief history lesson on how people envisioned their dreams to mean in ancient civilizations. In addition on exploring on how many scientists says we can control our dreams, I will talk about case studies in which humans are put to the test on proving theories actually controlling dreams. Can We Control Our Dreams? From human’s earliest civilizations, we have pondered on the idea of -what are dreams? From this article name “The History and Meaning of Dreams” It stated that early...
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...Nursing Management of Sleep Disorders March 2013 INTRODUCTION Sleep is the state of natural rest observed throughout the animal kingdom, in all mammals and birds, and in many reptiles, amphibians, and fish. In humans, other mammals, and many other animals that have been studied - such as fish, birds, ants, and fruit-flies - regular sleep is necessary for survival. The capability for arousal from sleep is a protective mechanism and also necessary for health and survival. DEFINITION Sleep can e defined as a normal state of altered consciousness during which the body rests; it is characterized by decreased responsiveness to the environment, and a person can be aroused from it by external stimuli. INCIDENCE & CHARACTERISTICS: Sleep is generally characterized by a reduction in voluntary body movement, temporary blindness, decreased reaction to external stimuli, loss of consciousness, a reduction in audio receptivity, an increased rate of anabolism (the synthesis of cell structures), and a decreased rate of catabolism (the breakdown of cell structures. Almost a third of the general population has some problems with sleep during any given year. More than half of the 9000 participants in a study of sleep in elderly persons (65 years or older) reported the following as sleep pattern disturbance that they experience most of the time: • Trouble falling asleep • Frequent awakening • Waking too early • Needing to nap • Not feeling rested These disturbances may be secondary...
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...Case Studies #1: Mr. MacPherson Mr. MacPherson came into the ER with burns on both of his arms and hands and on his face as the result of a grease fire in his kitchen. He complained of severe pain. His burns showed signs of blistering, swelling and fluid loss. According to the “rule of nines” (Thibodeau & Patton, 2010), it appears this patient has suffered burns over approximately 14% of his body surface (4.5% for each arm and 4.5% face for a total of 13.5%). These would be classified as second-degree burns (“Types of burns”, 2012) which involve the first two layers of skin and show signs of pain and blistering of which Mr. MacPherson complained. As a note of comparison, first-degree burns involve the top layer of skin, such as in sun-burn, and show signs of reddening, painful to touch, and mild swelling. Third-degree burns penetrate the entire thickness of skin and permanently destroy tissue layers, resulting in skin that is dry and leathery, appearing charred or having patches which appear white, brown, or black. Remarkably third-degree burns are often painless, although pain may be caused by patches of first- and second-degree burns which often surround third-degree burns (“Types of burns”, 2012). Case Studies #2: Margie Margie, who plays center on the women’s varsity basketball tem, complains that her knee is very sore and she felt a “pop” during a scrimmage tumble. Her knee, the largest and most vul-nerable joint in her body, buckles under her weight. ...
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...This will give you troubles when you are trying to move your limbs, another symptom is that Slowness of movement is the common in people with Parkinson’s disease for example; this can become more of an effort to walk or to get up out of a chair or anything. When this first develops you may mistake it as just 'getting on in years'. However the diagnosis of PD it may not become apparent unless other symptoms occur. In time a typical walking pattern often develops. This is a 'shuffling' walk with some difficulty in starting, stopping, and also turning easily, Walking problems, Then You may start to walk with a slow...
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