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MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT

Case in Finance “ Crown Corporation ”

Group Member: FN15C

ไทธัม พัฒนภูมิไท 5550417
ลวิตร ฐกัดกุล 5550423
วรวรรณ ศรีศักดิ์ 5550425
สมชาย กองเกตุใหญ่ 5550427
อดิสัน กันชาติ 5550430

Company’s Background ปี 1960 Crown Corporation ได้เปลี่ยนธุรกิจจากบริษัทเหมืองแร่เป็นผู้รับผลิต superally สำหรับชิ้นส่วนของอากาศยานและผู้ผลิตอลูมิเนียมอย่างครบวงจร เพื่อใช้สำหรับบรรจุภัณฑ์ชนิดต่างๆ โดยเมื่อปี 1966 ได้เข้าซื้อโรงงานโลหะที่ประเทศอเมริกาชื่อว่า Intalco ภายหลังจากการเข้าซื้อกิจการดังกล่าวทำให้ Crown มีส่วนแบ่งทางการตลาดเพิ่มขึ้นเป็น 81% และในเวลาต่อมาในปี 1967 จึงตัดสินใจที่จะสร้างโรงงานอลูมิเนียมแห่งที่สองภายใต้ชื่อ Eastalco ซึ่งสามารถเพิ่มรายได้ราว 3-4 ล้านดอลลาร์ และจากสภาวการณ์ที่ภาคอุตสาหกรรมมีการแข่งขันสูงทำให้ Crown ต้องเติบโตและต้องมีกำลังการผลิตที่สูงขึ้นเพื่อครองการเป็นเจ้าของตลาดจนในปี 1969 ทางบริษัทจึงพิจารณาแหล่งจัดหาเงินทุน เพื่อเพิ่มผลผลิตอลูมิเนียมที่ต้องใช้เงินทุนจำนวนมหาศาล สำหรับเป็นเงินหมุนเวียนและขยายกิจการให้ใหญ่ขึ้นและการวางแผนทางการเงินในระยะยาวโดยไม่กระทบกับการจ่ายเงินปันผลของบริษัท

การวิเคราะห์สถานการณ์ในปัจจุบัน
จุดแข็ง-จุดอ่อน, Five Forces Model และความสามารถในการแข่งขันด้านอื่นๆ ในอุตสาหกรรมไม่ว่าจะเป็นบริษัทขนาดเล็กหรือขนาดกลาง ล้วนแต่มีการเสนอราคาต่ำกว่าคู่แข่งจึงเกิดการแข่งขันอย่างรุนแรงด้านราคาของสินค้า โดยในแต่ละบริษัทต่างแข่งขันด้านการดำเนินการทุกอย่างเพื่อให้การผลิตสินค้ามีต้นทุนต่ำที่สุด ส่งผลให้ราคาของสินค้าลดลงโดยเฉลี่ยประมาณ 20% ในระหว่างปี 1961 จนถึงช่วงปลายปี 1963 ซึ่งการเสนอราคาจนต่ำกว่าต้นทุนนั้นทำให้ผลกำไรของบริษัททรุดตัวลงจาก 175 ล้านดอลลาร์ ในปี 1956 เหลือเพียง 88 ล้านดอลลาร์ในปี 1960

การวิเคราะห์เชิง Quantitative เมื่อพิจารณาจากสินทรัพย์ จะเห็นว่า มีแนวโน้มเพิ่มสูงขึ้นโดยเฉพาะส่วนที่เป็นโรงงาน แต่ในขณะเดียวกันบริษัทมีสินค้าคงเหลือเพิ่มขึ้นด้วย แสดงให้เห็นว่าบริษัทมีความต้องการลดต้นทุนการผลิตต่อหน่วย

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