...27, 2014 Rape, Pornography and Sexual Violence When you hear about a person being raped in the news, your mind begins to think of the type of person who could commit such a violent sexual crime against another person. The perpetrator of this act usually wants to feel powerful and be controlling over another person. There could be any number of reasons a person needs to dominate another, one of the biggest reasons is, because they may have been sexually abused as a child or teenager. We ask ourselves could pornographic materials be the cause of the rape. In 1989, Susie Bright, a supporter of erotica for women gave a public lecture to defend pornography against recent attacks. Bright talked about whether or not pornography causes rape. Her view that it does cause rape as, “the devil made him do it.” To believe that pornography causes rape, we must accept that we are letting the rapist off the hook. If we indicate that the pornography caused the rape, then we cannot also say, that it was the rapist who caused the rape (Adams). The most important charge against pornography, that it incites sexual aggression. Although rape statistics suggest otherwise, some experts believe the consumption of pornography may actually reduce the desire to rape by offering a safe, private outlet for their deviant sexual desires. Rape from a moral standpoint, is simply a more extreme form of a desire to use and objectify...
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...December 2014 When discussing sexual assault or rape, people often overlook the effects and aftermath of the situation, especially non-physical effects. Those of us who have the privilege of receiving public education are taught about the importance of consent-getting someone’s permission before touching their body-in sexual education classes, or maybe we are taught by our parents or other guardians. Regardless of how we are taught, we all learn that it is wrong to touch other people when we are told “no”. However, we hardly ever take the time to consider that there are more lasting effects of sexual assault than making someone uncomfortable. Sexual assault damages victims’ health physically as well as psychologically (Campbell). It is most common to hear about the physical impacts sexual assault can have on victims. Perpetrators of sexual assault are motivated by feelings of power and control over their victims, and therefore are violent and forceful, which can cause lasting physical damage to the victim. One hundred percent of completed rapes, 39 percent of attempted rapes, and 17 percent of sexual assaults against females result in injured victims. Immediate physical effects a person can experience after a sexual assault or rape include bruising, bleeding, difficulty walking, soreness of the body, disorientation, nausea, vomiting, and tension headaches, among other effects. Some other physical consequences experienced by rape survivors include gynecological damages, pregnancy...
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...Date Rape "Date rape", often referred to as acquaintance rape, is an assault or attempted assault usually committed by a new acquaintance involving sexual intercourse without mutual consent. The term date rape is widely used but can be misleading because the person who commits the crime might not be dating the victim. Rather, it could be an acquaintance or stranger. Drugs used by Attackers: Drug-facilitated date rape is the use of drugs to assist the attacker in a rape. The drug can be any substance that is physical or mind altering. Drug facilitated sexual assault (DFSA), which is considered an umbrella term for crimes such as drug-facilitated date rape, differs from many rapes in that it is not typically a crime of physical violence but rather of sexual hedonism and entitlement. Though flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) is often cited as a date rape drug because of its high potency, strong effects and the ability to cause strong amnesia during its duration of action, investigations into its actual use as a date rape drug have contradicted popular belief. According to research conducted by Michael Robertson from the San Diego Medical Examiner's office and Dr. Mahmoud El Sohly of El Sohly Laboratories, test results indicated that flunitrazepam was only used in around 1% of reported date rapes according to Robertson and 0.33% according to urine lab tests done by El Sohly. In fact, the benzodiazepines midazolam and temazepam were the two most common benzodiazepines utilized for...
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...Stances on Rape ------------------------------------------------- Causes, Activism and Prevention [Author] Abstract Understanding the many different studies and work done by feminists regarding rape and sexual violence. Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………….3 Anti-Rape Movement………………………………………………4 Feminist Perspective…………………………..…………………..7 Amelioration Vs. Backlash……………………………………...9 Conclusion………………………………………………………….…11 Bibliography……………………………………………….…………12 Introduction The definition of rape has been something of dispute for the last number of years. Rape usually is understood to involve some sort of sexual penetration of a person by force or without consent. Rape is committed more by males, usually on a female. In the last three decades, feminist have worked and studied rape with the collective agenda to work towards changing rape in a social and legal manor. Feminist thought and activism have challenges the myth that rape is rape, showing that it is a common experience among girls and women. Although feminists have different theories on why rape occurs, and how to eliminate it, they share the notion that rape is wrong and work towards learning and teaching about rape prevention. This paper will touch on the anti-rape movement, the feminist perspective, and different hypothesis in learning about the different feminist theories of rape. Anti-Rape Movement Feminists have been working for decades towards raising awareness and changing the perspective of rape and...
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...Why does rape and sexual assault happen? There is a strong evidence that shows that an amount of men believe in their law that it is alright for a man to force their life partner to have sex, whether they want it or not. It is their belief to think that “forcing a person to have sex” is not wrong as they do not think that it is rape. There are some circumstances included when rape or sexual assault happens. First circumstance to rape is when they have had sex together before. They will have the urge to have sex again once they have done it once with the other companion. The other side would think that it is now okay to force them to have sex once they have done it before. Second circumstance is she has had sex with other person before. When this occurs, they will want revenge on the other life partner and thus it will lead to rape. Third is when she has let the other person touch them above their waist. By letting them touch above their waist, the men will be more attracted to the women and it will give them the thirst to touch it again. Thus, it will also lead to rape or sexual assault. Fourth is when she has let another person to touch her below the waist. He will also have the urge to feel below the waist again and it will make them want a new experience. It will then lead to rape or sexual assault. Lastly is when he has spent a lot of money on her. He will think that he owns the girl because of the things he has bought for her and he will take advantage and force her...
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...Rapists Rape is the most intimate of all crimes. It is an act of enforced intercourse between a male of a female without the consent of the woman. Whether it’s an unwanted sexual touch or sexual use of someone by force than it is considered rape. In the United States, rape is reported about once every five minutes. It can happen to both male and female of any age, but it is mainly done to females. Rape is very real around the world and it is forced and unwanted. According to the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation they define rape as penetration and no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object. It may also be oral penetration without the victim’s consent. The offender is most likely someone they know, which can...
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...Kia Andrews February 25, 2012 CJ 3345-XTIB 12/T3 Mrs. Kappeler Rape and the Different Types According to Siegel (2012), Under traditional common-law definitions, rape involves nonconsensual sexual intercourse that a male performs against a female he is neither married to nor cohabitating with. Rape is a major problem that many of us Americans are facing today. (p.339) There are so many people today whose lives are changed forever because of being raped. We have to protect ourselves and loved ones from being one of those victims. There have been many ways to try and stop the victims from becoming victims, but it is still going on in today’s society. Some of the types of rape range from gang, serial, date, acquaintance, statutory, and marital. They differ in how, who, and when the victim is being raped. In this paper I am going to be explaining what is rape and the different types that are found in today’s criminal justice system. Rape started back in the Middle Ages where it was common from men to find women to take and rape them. According to Siegel (2012), During the Middle Ages, it was common for ambitious men to abduct and rape wealthy women in an effort to force them into marriage.(p.339) Rape is not only when a man rapes a women, but it can be a man over a man or women over man or another woman. As time passed from the Middle Ages, rape has affected many people in the world. There are many laws that are out now to protect...
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...R a p e Lee Pui Shan SCM-022936 Tan Su Lean SCM-015132 Liang Shuo SCM-021296 Licia Tan SCM-022667 Soh Yee Sin What is Rape? Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse which is initiates by one Or more persons against another person without that person’s consent the act may be carried out by physical force coercion abuse of authority or with a person who is incapable of valid consent such as one who is unconscious incapacitated below the legal age of consent the term is most of ten defined in criminal law there are several types of rape date rape gang rape marital rape prison rape and so on the most common is gang rape Factors which lead to Rape The incidence of rape in our society is increasing. As we can see, in the newspaper and on TV, this is not just happening in our country, but in foreign countries as well. On average, there are more than three cases of rape each day. Everything happened for a reason. In fact, the main factors that will lead to rape are divided into three types, which is individual factors, peer and family factors, and societal factors. First of all, individual factor is one of the main causes in a rape case. Some of the men will easily misunderstanding or misread cues that given out by women in some social situations. Their incorrect mind-set made them believe that the women are implying some sex hints towards them...
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...disapproval of these arrangements. Parents may have difficulty acknowledging their child’s partner as a member of the family or responding to the partner.” (1) Knowing that they (the couple) are being judged may cause emotional stress on the couple. One of the risk factors to the baby is that it’s more likely to be born pre-mature or with a lower birth rate, possibly resulting in neurological defects. Many teenage mothers do not receive proper care during their pregnancy. Adolescent mothers aren’t as successful as caring for their babies as an adult mother would be. Also, the babies are more likely to grow up within a delinquent setting as well. Two types of sexual abuse are sexual harassment and rape. Sexual harassment can be defined as unwanted and unwarranted verbal comments or innuendos, sexual in nature. It can also be unwanted gestures and touching as well as repeated requests for sexual favors. It is mostly common in the work place towards a woman from a man. Rape is going beyond sexual harassment, it is forcible intercourse, many times in such ways violent. There is no consent from the other person when rape is involved. Date rape is rape by someone the victim knows whether it be an acquaintance or a friend. Both sexual harassment and rape can have devastating...
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...Victim Advocacy Anthony D. Rios AIU Online Abstract Date rape is a serious offense and should be not taken lightly. The National Crime Victimization Survey and the Uniform Crime Reporting provides statistics on this offense. There are also strengths and weaknesses in both tools, but they are both valuable tools. To understand date rape, it is important to know the definition, and how date rape is distinguished between stranger rape, statutory rape, and spousal rape. It’s also important to understand the drugs that are used for date rape and how they are used. The relationship between the offender and the victim can also provide a better understanding of date rape. Finally I will provide my position on this issue and how I could impact this social policy. Victim Advocacy * Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) and National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) reports crime statistics relating to rape and the strengths and weaknesses of each reporting. * Uniform Crime Reporting – This tool was established in 1929 by the International Association of Chiefs of Police so that the nation could have some reliable statistics to find where crimes where at the most. (Uniform Crime Reports) UCR is not only a tool that reports on rape, but it also reports on other crimes. The UCR is also used to provide statistics to all law enforcement agencies in the nation. (Doerner and Lab, pg 22) * Strengths with UCR– It provides a number of crimes of the whole nation...
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...Rape culture, as defined by UMass Amherst Department of Communication lecturer Lynn Phillips, is “a culture in which dominant cultural ideologies, media images, social practices, and societal institutions support and condone sexual abuse by normalizing, trivializing, and eroticizing male violence against women and blaming victims for their own abuse”. I have come across numerous articles (and the dreaded comments section) that debate whether or not rape culture actually exits in the United States, and I agree with many points coinciding with the presence of rape culture in our society in regards to victim-blaming and slut-shaming, however to some degree, I do not believe song lyrics, TV shows/movies, and jokes that seemingly promote rape actually causes rape to occur....
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...sexual assault. English law provides for two offences of assault: common assault and battery. Assault is committed if one intentionally or recklessly causes another person to apprehend immediate and unlawful personal violence. Violence in this context means any unlawful touching, though there is some debate over whether the touching must also be hostile. Confusingly, the terms "assault" and "common assault" often encompass the separate offence of battery, even in statutory settings such as the Criminal Justice Act 1988. A common assault is an assault that lacks any of the aggravating features which Parliament has deemed serious enough to deserve a higher penalty. Section 39 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988 provides that common assault, like battery, is triable only in the magistrates' court in England and Wales (unless it is linked to a more serious offence, which is triable in the Crown Court). Additionally, if a Defendant has been charged on an indictment with assault occasioning actual bodily harm or racially/religiously aggravated assault, then a jury in the Crown Court may acquit the Defendant of the more serious offence, but still convict of common assault if it finds common assault has been committed. Rape was an offence under the common law of England and was classified as a felony. The common law defined rape as "the carnal knowledge of a woman forcibly and against her will." The common...
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...Mass Media Influence Does the mass media cause undesirable social consequences with specific reference to pornography It started by way of messengers and scribes, evolved through the presentation of newspapers and radio, brought us together with television, and now serves us world-wide via the ever-popular Internet. It is the mass media, and even from the earliest days of its existence, it has contributed greatly in ways that both enlighten and enrich society, and ways that deteriorate and perplex it. It is not a surprise to learn, then, that the mass media is the most powerful source of information we have, and nothing else in today s world influences public perception quite as heavily. Unfortunately, however, most of what is broadcast or transmitted in the news today is with reference to the chaotic condition of our planet, or something else that society as a whole sees as detrimental or damaging. But the news on television is not the only type of media taking the criticism of society. Other forms of mass media, specifically movies and television programs containing pornography and violence have been heavily criticized. The underlining concept to be debated here is that society is negatively influenced, specifically, by these images of pornography and the result is increased violence against women. This assumption, and it is indeed only an assumption, is completely fallacious, however, as no concrete and completely conclusive evidence has ever been formulated in support of...
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...Needs Assessment I. Introduction As a result of our research on sexual violence, its prevalence, and its impact on our society were able to identify a service gap within our local communities. A core nonprofit agency, ContactLifeline, Inc. specifically targets people affected by sexual violence and crisis. We interviewed people in the community, local educators, students, and key staff from ContactLifeline Inc. to gather professional opinions and opinions of our fellow community members and educators to see how these service gaps may have affected them or may not have. We discovered that ContactLifeline is a nonprofit agency that provides specific services to sexual assault and rape survivors for the entire state of Delaware. ContactLifeline offers many options for survivors to receive multiple kinds of aftercare services, free of charge, but we noticed that their efforts in prevention were not being met on a full scale by our school system in an effective long term manner. We asked what is being done by our local schools to provide and promote education on this specific topic. What is being done to educate our youth on what healthy relationships and sexual behaviors are so that most importantly we see a decrease in victims and are not spending so much time and money on aftercare? This needs assessment addresses this service gap in depth and provides a possible policy change within our local school districts and potentially a state wide adaption of a sexual education...
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...Introduction This project is based on the issue of rape. Is consist of the causes, effects, preventive methods that can be taken to reduce ones self from being targeted. Expository Piece What is rape? This is the non-consensual act of sexual intercourse whether anal, oral, or vaginal penetration, that involves the lack of consent as a result of use of force, violence, duress, menace or immediate and unlawful bodily injury, or if the person is in capable of giving consent because he or she is incapacitated from alcohol and or drugs, or if a mental disorder or development or physical disability renders the victim incapable of giving consent. There types of rape are stranger rape and marital rape. Marital rape is sub-divided into three categories, these are violent rape, force-only and sadistic rape. Stranger rape is usually one off or someone you don’t know while marital rape the circumstances are different. It is quite apart from physical and sexual violation, a betrayal of trust because this is your spouse; the person that you thought you knew intimately, with whom believe was the last person to throw harm your way. Violent rape occurs as the name suggests when the abuser uses enough physical violence to cause injury to the victim. Force-only rape is quite different as this usually includes using only enough force on the part of the abuser to control or hold the victim in position. While sadistic rape is sometimes also present. This tends to indicate...
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