Chapter 1 review questions 1. Which of the following is an example of a PC? The 8088 processor marked the start of the home and office based PC’s given that it had a 1mb address limit making a more efficient machine. 2. Who is credited with the patent of the first computer? John V. Atanasoff was the first person accredited for the invention of the computer due to his use of modern digital switching techniques. 3. In the Von Neumann architecture, what two make up the CPU? In Von Neumann’s model of the CPU there are three components, only two are listed in this review and they are the control unit and the arithmetic unit. 4. What technology alleviates the problem of the “Von Neumann bottleneck”? in this chapter they explain the issue of bottlenecking like a highway, where the information sent and received traveled through a narrow highway on the original architecture. The solution to the problem was creating what is now referred to as Cache memory. 5. Which of the following are groups within the Von Neumann architecture? There are four groups to the basic architecture Working Storage, Permanent Storage, Output and Input devices. 6. What are the three main connections in a transistor. Transistors are made using the same architecture as a vacuum tube just in a much smaller and safer manner, these connections are called the “Gate” the “Drain” and the “conductor”. 7. MOSSFET is the most common type of what electronic component? MOSSFET (standing for Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) is most known for their electric component the transistor. 8. Approximately how many transistors are incorporated in today’s intel processors? The evolution of transistor have made them so small, some measured by the size of atoms, have made it possible to cram millions and in some cases more currently billions of transistors into one CPU. 9. What made the 8088 Intel CPU special compared to its predecessors? The 8088 CPU was made more efficient than its predecessors due to its 1MB address limit, whereas processors before processors only offered only fractions of that for address limits making the 1MB the king of the jungle essentially. 10. What does Moors Law state? Professor Gordon Moor states that the evolution of computer memory grows at an exponential rate doubling the capacity of its predecessors every 18-24 months. 11. Which Two components are most responsible today for the advancement of PC CPU’s? Considering the rate of growth for computer processing and need for computing speed, we are in an endless battle of faster and stronger CPU’s. The two biggest contenders batting for dominance in this industry are Intel and AMD. Intel holding an 80% dominance on chipsets, where AMD comes in quite further down the line, even though there is a large gap in the percentage of market shares AMD is the closest competitor to intel out there today. 12. Which Company did IBM first hire to build their core operating system for their PC’s? IBM had hired Microsoft in their infancy to program an operating system for their first PC’s. This program was known as MS-DOS. IBM in their haste to develop a new cutting edge technology failed to retain an exclusive copyright to the software, inadvertently sealing their demise in the PC industry. 13. Which company dominates the CPU and chipset market? As stated before holding nearly 80% of the market Intel is the largest producer of PC and Mac chipsets on the market. 14. Which of the following components feeds power to the internal components in a PC? It is very simple to answer this question, located on the PC where you power connection is made is a series of transformers and capacitors all tasked with the job of converting your power source into usable energy for your PC this is called the Power Supply. 15. Which of the following are examples of input devices? To answer this question we must first understand what input devices are. An input device is a device used to manually control the input of information for your CPU; to identify and send the information to control aspects of your user interface. Some of these devices are Keyboards, Mice, Joysticks etc..
Chapter 2 review 1. How many combinations are there in a 4 bit binary number? 1 bit is equal to 1/8 of a Byte in terms of storage. These numbers are computed exponentially. When talking binary we are using a language called base 2, this is representing On/Off, and to find the amount of combinations in a 4 bit binary number you can use the exponent of 24 to find your answer. This equates to 16 combinations. 2. 24-bit color is the same as which of the following amounts of color? Again use the base 2 growth to determine the amount of colors so your equation would be 224 24 representing the bits for color and 2 being the base of your equation. The answer you are looking for is 16,777,216 different color combinations. 3. What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 6? In this equation you can use a line with the growth of 2 exponentially from right to left. 16 8 4 2 1 0| like so, when you are trying to get the binary number subtract the closest number to the number you are defining if the number is subtract-able it gains a numeric weight of 1 if the number is not subtract able it generates a numeric weight of 0. In this case I will subtract 4, gaining a value of 1, next step is to subtract the following integer from my leftover number which is 2, the following integer is also 2 adding a value of 1 to my binary equation, now I have zero left to subtract from leaving me with a 0 to finish the binary value of 6. Following this method I came to the conclusion that the binary value of 6 is 110. 4. What is the binary value of the decimal number 255? Using the same steps as explained above I came to the configuration of 11111111. 5. What is the decimal value of 212? Following the line of exponential growth on the diagram designed for understanding binary value, you can come to the conclusion that 212 is equivalent to 4096. 6. A gigabyte is equal to how many bytes in binary measurement? Considering a byte is 1/1,000,000th of a Megabyte, and a Megabyte is 1/1,000,000th of a Gigabyte one can only express this answer as a Gigabyte being the equivalent of 1,000,000,000 bytes. 7. In the hexadecimal system what is D equal to? Considering computers on equate single place values in consecutive orders, you are unable to put a place value of 10 or 12 or 13 or any numbers following double decimal. This being an issue the developed a language using what is called hexadecimal or base 16, the computer uses a mixture of letters and numbers to assign values. The combinations are based on 0-9 and A-F the weight of A being 10 and the weight of F being 15 so D has the weight of 13. 8. Which of the following operators is represented with the | (pipe) sign? There are 3 signs representing basic Boolean operations and these signs are AND=& OR=| NOT=~. The sign of | pipe equals OR. 9. Using the binary numbering system if A=1 and B=1 what is the solution to the following equation A AND B? Considering they both have the value of one, then the parameter AND would compute this set or equation to the value of 1. 10. You want to search records containing “Music Lessons” and “Computer Music” which of the following expressions would work best? Considering the main component you are searching for is “Music” and the types of parameters you are searching for are “lessons” and “Computer” you could search using the following to show your top results Music AND (lessons OR computer) this would be your most effective. 11. What does the following measurement mean? 266MBps. The types of data recognized by a computer are written in short using Capital letters to represent larger amounts of data whereas lower case letters represent smaller bits of data. Given the capital letters on the measurement above this value represents 266 MegaBytes per second not to be confused with Megabits (notice the lower case b, to represent a smaller fraction of data) 12. Which of the following would be faster at an identical clock speed? Parallel data transfer would trump the other types of data transfer listed. This is because Parallel uses more data lines allowing more data to transfer back and forth across their parallel data lines. 13. What is 1GHz equal to? Very similar to how data is referred to there are different values to the Hz family, such as Mega Hertz and Gigahertz. Using memory as an example it take 1,000,000,000 Megabytes to be equivalent to 1 GB, the same goes for the Hertz family it takes 1,000,000,000 Hertz to equal 1 GHz. 14. Which number system has 16 values? As I stated above this system is called base 16 or hexadecimal, using a combination of numbers and letters to organize the data, 15. What is the decimal equivalent to the binary number 11110000? To gather this answer you should refer back to my binary statements above. To show you how to gather the decimal equivalent to this number we will need a line showing the exponential growth of 28th power
256,128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1,0 under this line we will put the 1’s and 0’s to show us the values of each 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 now add the values above to give you a decimal number 128+64+32+16 now that the rest are 0’s that equation will give you the decimal value of 240.

Chapter 3 Review

1. Which of the following can be used with the SCSI-based technology? SCSI is short for Small Computer Systems Interface, this is a very flexible interface connection used mainly for mass storage devices such as High performance and high capacity hard drives, and removable media drives; and can also be used for other devices like Image scanners and optical drives. On newer systems they use what is called SATA connections which have proven to be more reliable and include faster data transfer rates. 2. What are two ways that USB version 2.0 ports can be added to a computer? Most PC’s have been built around the idea of being able to personally configure you systems hardware. Using PCI slots to plug in additional system support devises. When it comes to USB expansion you can do this in two different ways and that is purchasing a USB hub with support for multiple USB connections or by purchasing a USB expansion card that fits in your PCI bus slot. 3. A serial port can hook up devices such as external modems and label printers. What is this port usually called. This port is used for everyday common external devices. Considering it is found on most external devices (pre 2010) an easy way to remember its name is to think of the word COMMON, due to the fact that they are referred to as COM ports. 4. Which of the following can be used for a printer port, scanner, or removable media? Pre 2005 most printers and external media devices use a parallel port to connect and daisy chain your devices on. Now days the USB port is becoming the most common for such devices. 5. Which device is known as the IEEE 1394? IEEE 1394 is a family of high speed serial transmission using a bidirectional connection. There are two types off IEEE 1394 a&b with a base speed of transmitting up to 400Mbps. Most commonly known as FireWire. 6. Some desktop systems and many of the older laptop systems included a port to connect a mouse or keyboard. What was this port called? Commonly found on PC’s but obsolete on laptops and soon on desktops the port we are defining here is called the PS/2 port consisting of 6 pins, these are commonly color coded purple for keyboards and green for mice. 7. What is the standard size of an audio mini-jack used by sound cards? These jacks are commonly a 1 inch depth jack to match the common headset male connection. Now day’s people are starting to use optical audio ports for a clearer sounding surround sound experience. 8. There are currently 3 standards for USB ports. What are they? USB ports are the most common media connection of now, however I can see HDMI and FireWire becoming the connection of the near future. As of Now there are 3 different USB connections each having a different Bus rate, the below standard 1.1 running at 12 Mbps 2.0 or high speed running a clean 480 Mbps and 3.0 hurdling past the competition at an astounding 4,800 Mbps. 9. If you run out of USB ports and need more, which of the following devices are available? Given the nature of the PC you are encouraged to make expansions to your system. To expand your ever growing need for USB ports there are several options available to you. 1 is to add more connections to your motherboard if you have the talent, 2 is an expansion card that plugs into your PCI bus and 3rd are USB hubs that you can find at almost any tech store, these plug into one of your existing ports and acts like an extension cord with multiple plugs at the end. 10. Which devices remains the primary method used to enter and send commands to your computer? The device that revolutionized computer interface technology is the one we take for granted the most, it’s the one I am using now to type this homework out. The device is a keyboard. 11. Which of the following is used to transfer data into a computer by touching the onscreen icons? This is a revolutionary interface that has changed the way we interact with computers on an everyday level, the touchscreen. 12. Which of the following are considered multimedia devices? All the options listed in the review are correct, there are limitless amounts of multimedia devices, some are webcams, sound cards, microphones etc.. The list is growing every day. 13. You are in the process of installing a new keyboard to a new PC. Which of the following is the most common type of connection? As stated before in this review the PS/2 connection was the most common at the time this book was printed. However the times they are a changing and the most common input now is USB or even Bluetooth. 14. What is the major difference between a laser jet and an LED printer? By definition LED printers us an array of LED’s to perform the transfer of images to paper. While a laser printer uses, you guessed it, a laser to transfer the image to the drum, then drum to paper. 15. Most ink jet, laser, and thermal printers use this interface to connect to the computer? In the past printers were most likely to use a parallel port for data transfer, now most commonly using USB. If we are talking about networking printers you can now access them via RJ-35 and wirelessly. 16. What are three major types of display devices in use in todays industry? Based on the year this book was written CRT monitors were somewhat common, now mostly obsolete, these are now being replaced by DATA projectors, LCD and LED displays. 17. Identify 3 types of Video connectors. Most commonly found on todays computers, these connections are HDMI, VGA, and DMI connections.