...Explore the relationship between Amir and his father using chapters 1-6. Chapter one is a very short chapter. In said chapter, the detail of the relationship between Amir and Baba is barely touched upon. As Amir talks of him, and the other names he lists as if he has not heard from Baba, or anyone else, for a long time. It instantly suggests that an event must have happened to cause such separation. Amir lists Hassan first, and Baba just after. Due to the novel being in present day at this point, Hassan holds more importance to Amir as he was the first name that was mentioned. The second chapter starts to highlight the unhealthy father/son relationship between Baba and Amir. Amir looks up to Baba highly and brags about him and longs for his company. Baba, however, is always busy with work or engaging in ‘grown up time’, which is drinking and smoking. Although it is common to distance yourself from loved ones after your wife died during childbirth, distancing himself this much and for this long is highly irregular. Amir looks up to Baba and there for has a positive Father complex during this time. We also discover that Baba set up the brotherly relationship between Amir and Hassan by hiring the same nursing woman he had for Amir, for Hassan. -------------------------------------------- [ 1 ]. The first stage of bereavement begins at the moment of death, and continues for the next several weeks or months. [ 2 ]. The father complex can influence the way people think about...
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...Chapter 6 ------------------------------------------------- Team Member Roles (Page 134) ------------------------------------------------- The section of chapter 6 talks about the 9 different role theories that can be present in a group setting. This list was developed by R. Meredith Belbin and his team and were created to be seen as an extension of an individual’s personality. Out of the 9 roles that were provided I believe that a group could survive with only 4, the creative problem solver, coordinator, team worker and the specialist. The book defines a role as, “A tendency to behave, contribute, and relate to others in a particular way”. When you combed this with the aspects of what will make a team functional, you could get by with just 4 of the roles because a group will require the collective effort of everyone instead of being a something that could be performed by an individual. With good communication and trust amongst the team anything could be possible. This important in both education and in the work place since both areas rely of the efficient use of their teams to accomplish their goals. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Work Accomplishment and High Productivity (Page 133) ------------------------------------------------- This area is a key learning point because it gives examples that will help put teamwork into perspective using modern day companies as examples. The main reason we...
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...Chapter 6 - (30 points) 3. If a person consumes fewer units of a good, will marginal utility of the good increase as total utility decreases? Why or why not? Yes, it will, as long as the marginal utility of the units of the good no longer consumed was not negative. To illustrate, suppose the situation is as shown in Exhibit 1a. If the consumer consumes 5 units of good X, total utility is 40 utils and marginal utility is 6 utils. If she consumes one less unit of good X, or 4 units, total utility drops to 34 utils but marginal utility rises to 7 utils. (5 points) 4. If the marginal utility of good A is 4 utils and its price is $2 and the marginal utility of good B is 6 utils and its price is $1, is the individual consumer maximizing (total) utility if she spends a total of $3 buying one unit of each good? If not, how can more utility be obtained? The individual consumer is not maximizing utility. She is receiving 2 utils per dollar spent on good A and 6 utils per dollar spent on good B. She can increase her utility by purchasing more of good B (the good for which she receives more utility per dollar) and less of good A (the good for which she receives less utility per dollar). (5 points) 1. The marginal utility for the third unit of X is 60 utils and the marginal utility for the fourth unit of X is 45 utils. If the law of diminishing marginal utility holds, what is the minimum total utility? We can’t...
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...[Chapter 6]: Review Questions Question 1: What is object-oriented analysis, and what are some advantages of using this technique? O-O (Object-Oriented) analysis describes an information system by identifying things called objects that combine data and processes with the use of various O-O diagrams depicting system actors, methods and messages. Advantages: Integrates easily with O-O programming languages.Code is modular and reusable, which can reduce costs and development times.Easy to maintain and expand as new objects can be cloned using inherited properties.Disadvantages: Somewhat newer method might be less familiar to development team members.Interaction of objects and classes can be complex in larger systems. Question 2: Define an object and give an example. An object represents a real person, place, event or transaction and possesses characteristics called properties (which the object either possesses on it's own or inherits from it's class) and attributes (which are the characteristics that describe the object). For example: When a patient makes an appointment to see a doctor, the patient is an object, the doctor is an object and the appointment is an object. Question 3: Define an attribute and give an example. An attribute is a single characteristic or fact about an entity. An attribute, or field, is the smallestpiece of data that has meaning within an information system. In an O-O analysis, an attribute is part of a class diagram that describes the characteristics of...
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...Chapter 6 Allocating Resources to the Project This chapter extends the previous one on scheduling into the area of allocating resources among the activities of a project, or among multiple projects competing for the same resources. The chapter begins with a discussion of expediting project completion times and highlights that by selectively choosing which activities to crash and by how much, we can determine the minimum cost for all possible project completion time. The use of Excel’s Solver optimization routine to facilitate this analysis is also presented. Next, the chapter moves on to the topic of resource loading and in particular highlights the problems of over scheduling resources. The topics of resource leveling and resource allocation naturally follow in the subsequent sections. Finally, the chapter concludes with an overview of several of the concepts Goldratt raises in his provocative book Critical Chain. Cases and Readings A case appropriate to the subject of this chapter is: Harvard: 9-613-020 Space Constructors, Inc. This 3-page case involves a simple project where partial crashing has already been planned but more, and less, crashing is also to be considered. The network has some special characteristics that offer some worthwhile lessons for the student. Answers to Review Questions 1. Given the fact that a project’s resource requirements are clearly spelled out in the project’s action plan, why are PMs so concerned with resource...
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...Chapter Six Business Formation: Choosing the Form that Fits Review Questions 1. Describe the basic features that distinguish the four basic forms of business ownership: sole proprietorships, general partnerships, C corporations, and limited liability companies. Sole proprietorship-a form of business ownership with a single owner who usually actively manages the company. General partnership-a partnership in which all partners can take an active role in managing the business and have unlimited liability for any claims against the firm. Limited liablility companies- form of partnership in which all partners have the right to participate in management and have limited liability for company debt Corporations- a form of business ownership in which the business is considered a legal entity that is separate and distinct from owners. 2. Why do many entrepreneurs initially set up their businesses as sole proprietorships? Why do many successful entrepreneurs eventually decide to convert their sole proprietorship to some other form of ownership such as a corporation or LLC? It’s the easiest and least expensive form of business to set up. And allows the single owner to recap all of the profits. Sole proprietorship have major limitations can only have one owner. Risk associated with unlimited liability and its difficult to manage a business on your own. 3. How do limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships...
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...Chapter 06 Efficient Diversification 1. So long as the correlation coefficient is below 1.0, the portfolio will benefit from diversification because returns on component securities will not move in perfect lockstep. The portfolio standard deviation will be less than a weighted average of the standard deviations of the component securities. 2. The covariance with the other assets is more important. Diversification is accomplished via correlation with other assets. Covariance helps determine that number. 3. a and b will have the same impact of increasing the Sharpe ratio from .40 to .45. 4. The expected return of the portfolio will be impacted if the asset allocation is changed. Since the expected return of the portfolio is the first item in the numerator of the Sharpe ratio, the ratio will be changed. 5. Total variance = Systematic variance + Residual variance = β2 Var(rM) + Var(e) When β = 1.5 and σ(e) = .3, variance = 1.52 × .22 + .32 = .18. In the other scenarios: a. Both will have the same impact. Total variance will increase from .18 to .1989. b. Even though the increase in the total variability of the stock is the same in either scenario, the increase in residual risk will have less impact on portfolio volatility. This is because residual risk is diversifiable. In contrast, the increase in beta increases systematic risk, which is perfectly correlated with the market-index portfolio and therefore has a greater impact on portfolio...
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...Financial Strategy Chapter 6 Objectives and Goals * Financial – not necessarily profits, but return on investment (ROI) – primary focus. * Societal – helping to improve the world around us. * Personal – self-gratification, status, respect. Components of Strategic Profit Model Strategic Profit Model: An Overview It is a method for summarizing the factors that affect the firm’s financial performance as measured by ROA. The model decomposes of two components: 1. Net Profit Margin – is simply how much profit (after tax) a firm makes divided by its net sales. It reflects the profits generated from each sales. 2. Asset Turnover – is the retailer’s net sales divided by its assets. This assesses the productivity of a firm’s investment in its asset and indicates how many sales are generated by each dollar of sales. This two components is determined by two set of activities, profit management and asset management, and that high ROA can be achieved by various combinations of net profit margin and asset turnover Retailing View Summary: Federal Department Stores vs. Costco Federated Department Stores operates two national department store chains, Macy’s and Bloomingdales’s. Like other department store chains, Federated offers a wide variety of fashionable apparel and home furnishings, a relatively high level of customer service provided by its sales associates and an attractive shopping environment. Costco’s warehouse stores, in contrast...
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...CHAPTER 6 INTERCOMPANY INVENTORY TRANSACTIONS ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q6-1 All inventory transfers between related companies must be eliminated to avoid an overstatement of revenue and cost of goods sold in the consolidated income statement. In addition, when unrealized profits exist at the end of the period, the eliminations are needed to avoid overstating inventory and consolidated net income. Q6-2 An inventory transfer at cost results in an overstatement of sales and cost of goods sold. While net income is not affected, gross profit ratios and other financial statement analysis may be substantially in error if appropriate eliminations are not made. Q6-3 An upstream sale occurs when the parent purchases items from one or more subsidiaries. A downstream sale occurs when the sale is made by the parent to one or more subsidiaries. Knowledge of the direction of sale is important when there are unrealized profits so that the person preparing the consolidation worksheet will know whether to reduce consolidated net income assigned to the controlling interest by the full amount of the unrealized profit (downstream) or reduce consolidated income assigned to the controlling and noncontrolling interests on a proportionate basis (upstream). Q6-4 As in all cases, the total amount of the unrealized profit must be eliminated in preparing the consolidated statements. When the profits are on the parent company's books, consolidated net income and income assigned to the...
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...Chapter6(Formation of a Contract: Consideration and Intention ) before an agreement is binding in law it must also have 2 primary elements:1. Consideration, and 2. Mutual intention to create legal relations Bargain: Each party pays a price for the promise of the other Consideration: the price or value for which the promise of the other is bought. Promisor: promise to pay money, deliver goods or provide servicesValid consideration must be: Specific but not necessarily “adequate” Must have some value With reference to present/future promises Not past consideration Document Under Seal (Deed) A seal represented a serious promise (a covenant), used in ancient times when population was illiterate The use of a seal eliminates the requirement of consideration for a promise because the seal signified the act and deed of the convenantor The seal must be placed on the document at the time of signing (cannot just print “seal” on the document): “conscious and deliberate effort” (SCC) Business tender – offer under seal becomes irrevocable like an option CHAPTER9 (The Requirement of Writing) DISTINCTION BETWEEN SUBSTANCE AND FORM The Benefits of a Written Record The Form of a Contract A contract may be: terms entirely oral terms entirely written terms are a combination of oral and writtenLegislation Dealing with Writing 3 common types...
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...Quality: The ability of a products or service to meet customer needs. Quality lies in the eye of the beholder: Better Performance: Minimal activity that the product does Nice Features Conformance: The prod is… it should be… Aesthetics: Look nice Reliability: Trust Durability: Last long Perceived Implications of Quality: Company reputation: Perceptions of the firm Product liability: Global implications: Cost of Quality: The cost of doing things wrong – that is, the price of nonconformance Prevention costs: Anticipated, proactive measures Appraisal costs: Evaluation, reactive measures Internal failure: External costs: Prize Awards: Malcom Baldrige: USA Deming Prize: ASIA International Quality Standards: ISO 9000: A set of quality standards develop by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO 14000: A series of environmental management standards established by the International Organization Standardization (ISO) Total Quality Management (TQM): Management of an entire organization so that it excels in all aspects of products and services that is important to the customer. Continuous Improvement: Plan – Do – Check – Act (PDCA): A continuous improvement model of plan, do, check and act. Six Sigma: A program to save time, improve quality, and lower costs. Employee Empowerment: Enlarging employee job so that the added responsibility and authority is moved to the lowest level...
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...Chapter 7 Question 4. Service –orieted architecture (SOA) is a software architecture perspective that focuses on the development, use and reuse of small self-contained blocks of code to meet all the application software needs of an organization. An organization with a service-oriented architecture philosophy would be an agile organization that take advantage of every resource in the most efficient and effective way. One of the metrics that international truck could use would be system availability. System Availability is usually measured inversely as downtime, or the average amount of time a system is down and unavailable to end users and customers. International Truck's previous IT systems didn't share information easily. The SoA allowed information to flow much easier to and from different departments and systems, resulting in less problems and errors in areas such as manufacturing. Other key infrastructure-centric metrics that could be used by International Truck to justify an SoA are, Accuracy, scalability, and through put. These would be justified by the problem in shortfalls in inventory, excessive defects and returns, more timely information on assembly-plant problems, and the lack of easily shared information by their current system. Scalability is how well a system can adapt to increased demands. This is more of a conceptual metric that assesses your ability to upgrade the implemented infrastructure at minimal cost and service interruption. Accuracy is usually measured...
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...References Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 267-299). New York: Academic Press. Antonakis, J., & House, R. J. (2002). The full range leadership theory: The way forward. In B. J. Avolio & F. J. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and charismatic leadership: The road ahead (pp. 3–33). Boston: JAI Elsevier Science. Aquino, K. (1995). Relationships among pay inequity, perceptions of procedural justice, and organizational citizenship. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 8, 21-33 Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (1987). Transformational leadership, charisma, and beyond. In J.G. Hunt et al. (Eds.), Emerging leadership vistas. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books. Avolio, B. J., Bass, B. M. and Jung, D. I. (1997). Replicated Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Center f or Leadership Studies, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY. Avolio, B. J., Zhu, W., Koh, W., & Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: Mediating role of psychological empowerment and moderating role of structural distance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(8), 951–968. Retrieved February 16, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. Barak, M. E. M., Nissly, J. A., & Levin, A. (2001). Antecedents to turnover and retention among child welfare, social work, and other human service employees: What can we learn from past research...
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...Entry and Exit Entrants threaten incumbents in two ways: First, they take market share away from incumbents. Second, entry often intensifies competition, leading to lower prices. This is a natural consequence of the Cournot and differentiated Bertrand models in which more firms imply lower prices. Some Facts about Entry and Exit There are three important implications for strategy: 1. When planning for the future, the managers must account for entry. 2. Managers should expect most new ventures to fail quickly. 3. Managers should know the entry and exit conditions of their industry. Entry and Exit Decisions: Basic Concepts The entrant must sink some capital that cannot be fully recovered upon exit – it is this element of risk that makes the entry decision difficult. The entrant hopes that postentry profits exceed the sunk entry costs. There are many potential sunk costs to enter the market such as specialized capital equipment to government licenses. The potential entrant may use many different types of information about incumbents, including pricing practices, costs and capacity to assess why postentry competition may be like. Barriers to Entry Structural entry barriers exists when the incumbent has natural cost of marketing advantages, or when the incumbent benefits from favorable regulations. Strategic entry barriers result when the incumbent takes aggressive actions to deter entry. Bain’s Typology of Entry Conditions * Blockaded...
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...ASSIGNMENT TIMELINE—COSC 2425 Dates | Text Chapters | Pages and sections covered | Assignments | Week 1June 6th – June 11th | Chapter 1: Basic Concepts Chapter 2: x86 Processor Architecture | Page 1-28 Pages 29-57 | Read all material in the Getting Started Folder, read the syllabus (located on the Course Home tab), read the assignment timeline and grading sheet.Assignment 1: Introduce yourself to the class (Located in the Getting Started Folder) Quiz Chapter 1 Quiz Chapter 2 | Week 2June 12th –June 18th | Chapter 3: Assembly Language Fundamentals Chapter 4: Data Transfers, Addressing, and Arithmetic | Pages 58-93 Pages 94-131 | Quiz Chapter 3 Quiz Chapter 4 | Week 3June 19th –June 25th | Chapter 5: ProceduresChapter 6: Conditional Processing | Pages 132-179 Pages 180-228 | Quiz Chapter 5 Quiz Chapter 6 Programming Project 1 (Covers Chapters 1-6) | Week 4June 26th – July 2rd | Chapter 7: Integer Arithmetic Chapter 8: Advanced Procedures | Pages 229-269 Pages270-331 | Quiz Chapter 7 Quiz Chapter 8 | Week 5July 3rd – July 9th | Chapter 9: Strings and Arrays Chapter 10: Structures and Macros | Page 332-365 Pages 366-418 | Quiz Chapter 9 Quiz Chapter 10 Programming Project 2 (Covers Chapters 1-10 concentrating on the concepts learned in chapters 7-10) | July 4th Holiday | | | No Class | Week 6July 10th – July 12th | Comprehensive and covers all chapters (1-10) | | FINAL EXAM on Tuesday July 12th, 2011...
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