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Chechen Rebellions in the Former Soviet Union

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Chechen Rebellions in the former Soviet Union
Kathrine D. Nepon
Strayer University
Donald Anderson
SOC300
August 20, 2011

Chechnya has long been under the thumb of another, first Imperial Russia and then the Soviet Union. They were annexed by Imperial Russia in 1870 after long resistance during the Caucasian War (1817-1864). With the fall of the Russian Empire they attempted to gain independence but were thwarted, and in 1922 Chechnya was incorporated into Bolshevist Russia, what would later evolve into the Soviet Union (USSR). The Chechen people had to endure many hardships under Russian rule. In 1936 Joseph Stalin created the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, making them an autonomous republic of the state. But in subsequent years, though they fought on the side of the Red Army in World War II, Stalin dismantled the republic and had more than 1 million Chechens deported to Central Asia and Siberia for their alleged collaboration with Germany. Though in 1956 many were allowed to return home, there wasn’t much to return to in a war ravaged state. Also Chechnya is mostly Muslim and in Communist Russia religion was not a freedom that the people enjoyed. During the Soviet rule so many independent states and countries were swallowed, their boundaries erased and many nationalities that were never friends to begin with were forced to live and work together.

With the fall of the USSR, Chechnya once again bid for independence, along with many other Soviet states. The First Chechen War raged from 1991-1996. It is estimated that over 100,000 Chechens perished in this time, most being civilians not to mention those that are still missing. . There were many bloody battles and the world was given reports of indiscriminate bombings, civilian slaughters, ethnic cleansing, torture and discrimination against the non-Chechen population of the state.

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