...TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR PENTACHLOROPHENOL U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry September 2001 PENTACHLOROPHENOL ii DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. PENTACHLOROPHENOL iii UPDATE STATEMENT Toxicological profiles are revised and republished as necessary, but no less than once every three years. For information regarding the update status of previously released profiles, contact ATSDR at: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Toxicology/Toxicology Information Branch 1600 Clifton Road NE, E-29 Atlanta, Georgia 30333 PENTACHLOROPHENOL vi *Legislative Background The toxicological profiles are developed in response to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986 (Public law 99-499) which amended the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA or Superfund). This public law directed ATSDR to prepared toxicological profiles for hazardous substances most commonly found at facilities on the CERCLA National Priorities List and that pose the most significant potential threat to human health, as determined by ATSDR and the EPA. The availability of the revised priority list of 275 hazardous substances was announced in the Federal Register on November 17, 1997 (62...
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...Oral Cancer Oral Cancer: Who's at Risk? Historically, most of the patients are above 40 years of age at the time of discovery of oral cancer. Aging is an important factor because the immunity diminishes with age as well as there are increased chances for the cells turning from benign to malignant tumor cells. This is further supported by the fact released recently in 2008 which says that oral cancer exists even among the non smokers who are below 50 years of age. Predominantly the cause for oral cancer is attributed to the factors like the use of tobacco, consumption of alcohol and infection by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Among all these different causes, tobacco is considered to be the primary culprit although it takes a long time to get precipitated into an oral cancer. Especially the people who are above 50 years of age are widely affected and more than 75% of those people are constant users of tobacco. Tobacco in combination with alcohol is even more harmful and the chances are 15 times more for oral cancer if a person is addictive to both tobacco and alcohol. Recent reports also suggest that the demographics are changing rapidly as the incidence of oral cancer caused by viral infections is increasing day by day. The factors for the cause of oral cancer can be grouped as physical factors, chemical factors and biological factors. Alcohol and tobacco comes under chemical factors. Ultraviolet (UV) rays and x-rays are the major physical factors responsible for causing...
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...browning, were also surprisingly resistant to decay. After extensive testing to determine fluorides safety and efficacy, the City Commission of Grand Rapids, Michigan voted to add fluoride to its water for research purposes. After 11 years of fluoridation, it was announced in a conference that cavity rates among children dropped more than 60 percent (Arnold 1957). This breakthrough revolutionized the industry making tooth decay for the very first time, a preventable disease (Story of Fluoridation). Since then, fluoride’s popularity has grown rapidly among the American culture. Its popularity has been so great, that it was recently hailed as one of America’s greatest achievements in public health (Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Oral Health Home). So what makes this common ingredient in toothpaste and water such a hot topic for debate? Pro-fluoridation advocates enthusiastically promote the use of fluoride and its benefit to consumers. Fluoride is considered the safest and most beneficial treatment used to prevent tooth decay since the 1970’s (Tucker 1-15). After studies discovered topical applications of fluoride less effective at preventing decay than ingestion, water fluoridation was incorporated in its circulation Pro-fluoride group’s claim that the fluoridation of water is beneficial to middle aged adults and older people. In addition to its endorsed health benefits, water fluoridation is considered the most cost effective method of fluoride distribution known...
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...NAJIB MOHAMMED ELFITOURI 30 Burns Street Fredericton, NB, E3G 4C8 CANADA Email: NAJIBELFITOURI@GMAIL.COM +1-506-455-5166 Objective: • Oil and Gas Processing /Chemical Process Engineering Job in Oil and Gas Fields. • To evolve around creating processes and designs, as well as maintenance and operations duties in a variety of different disciplines. • Performing Engineering Studies, improving all the existing projects and supervising the new installation and performing of the commissioning, Issuing work orders and safety procedures to maintain and repair any pipeline, vessel, storage tanks, separators, dehydrators, manifolds, and all other oil/gas relative equipments based on the approved Codes. Design, any required fabrications and modifications. Updating all the related drawings, drafting and as built, (P&ID drawings, Piping drawings, and Mechanical drawings). Preparing all the required reports (daily, weekly, and annually reports). Summary of Qualifications Earned value management, supported by a solid grasp of the fundamental components of Project Controls including scope definition, cost estimating, change management, cost management, scheduling, project reporting, earned value analysis and risk management • Over ten years’ experience teaching and performing research at the university level • Over 15 years’ experience in capital projects management, overseeing a variety of oil and gas fields, from extraction...
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...Palmolive Company is a $17.1 billion global company serving people in more than 200 countries and territories with consumer products that make lives healthier and more enjoyable. This American diversified multinational corporation focuses on strong global brands in its core businesses – Oral Care, Personal Care, Home Care and Pet Nutrition. Colgate follows a tightly defined strategy to grow market shares for key products, such as toothpaste, toothbrushes, bar and liquid soaps, deodorants/antiperspirants, dishwashing detergents, household cleaners, fabric conditioners and specialty pet food.("Colgate Palmolive Annual Report 2012,") Colgate-Palmolive Company's growth from a small candle and soap manufacturer to one of the most powerful consumer products giants in the world is the result of aggressive acquisition of other companies, persistent attempts to overtake its major U.S. competition, and an early emphasis on building a global presence overseas where little competition existed ("Colgate-Palmolive Company History,"). 1. CURRENT SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS a. Current Products The company is organized around four core segments: oral care, personal care, home care, and pet nutrition. i. Oral care products are such as: * toothpastes: colgate total, CDC, optic white, sensitive, CSPR, kids, advavced whitening, kayu sugi etc. * Toothbrushes: colgate 360, Twister, Zig Zag, Slim Soft, Classic, Kids * Mouthwash : Plax ii. Personal care products are such as: * bar soap:...
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...As a Company that strives to be the best truly global consumer products company, we are committed to doing business with integrity and respect for all people and for the world around us ("Profile of Colgate-Palmolive," 2011). Strengths Product Diversification Colgate-Palmolive is a diversified company with products in many categories including oral care, personal care, home care and pet nutrition (Quelch, & Laidler, 1993). The diversified product portfolio serves as a strength as it minimizes risk by not putting all of their ‘eggs in one basket’ and maximizes growth opportunity by having expanded business operations and markets to serve. Toothpaste Market Share As the global market leader in Oral Care, the company holds now 44.7% of the global toothpaste market share ("Colgate-Palmolive company (cl)," 2011), which is a large portion of the market. In 2006, the Company also acquired Tom’s of Maine, a niche natural toothpaste company, which added to their marketshare (Kotler, P. & Keller, K., 2009). Global Presence Colgate-Palmolive is one of the global leaders in Consumer Products and sells its widely recognized products in more than 200 countries in the world (“Colgate.com,”). The ability to sell in a large number markets is a strength as it provides opportunity to earn more revenue. In fact, over three-fourths of their revenue comes from outside of the US. ("Colgate-Palmolive company (cl)," 2011) Innovation Another strength is the Company...
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...English Department American university of SharjahSharjah, United Arab Emirates ABSTRACT This research reports the procedures the writers have employed in teaching several academic and workplace communication skills through engineering multidisciplinary projects (EMDPs). In these projects students are divided into teams, with each team comprising a minimum of three and a maximum of four students from different engineering majors. The students choose and appoint a team leader, choose a research topic/problem in the surrounding environment that requires input from all team members and collaboration from all students, each in his/her respective discipline, in finding a solution to the situation/problem. Team members choose the topics, obtain approval of the topics from cooperating engineering faculty and the course instructor, and then prepare detailed research proposals. They receive specialist feedback on their proposals, and based on how detailed their proposals are, are given the go ahead to proceed with their research. The execution of the research project requires the use of several technical communication skills such as, internet searches; sending email messages; writing formal letters; meeting with officials, engineering academics and experts, as well as giving powerpoint supported oral presentations, EMDP poster presentations and submitting end of research written reports. Keywords: Poster Presentations, Teamwork, Communication Skills, Project Defense 1. INTRODUCTION There...
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...any idea what the chemicals are as they have been kept in an unlabelled bottle. I would then follow the acronym DRAB Danger: look around to see if there is any danger around, As the child is sat in a puddle of chemicals there is danger around there fore if the child is able to I would get him to walk away from the puddle into a clear area, however if he is either unable or refusing to move I would have to place obstructions over the chemicals so I could stand on top of them enabling me to get to Tommy. Response: The best way to get a response is to simply talk to Tommy, however as he is crying it will be difficult for him to communicate with me, Although the fact that he is crying can be seen as a good thing as it shows that he’s not unconscious. If tommy were to be unconscious or unresponsive whilst talking would be to pinch his ear to see if he squirms. Airways: As Tommy is conscious I will not need to worry too much about airways, as he is able to talk and cry. I also need to try and figure out whether he is likely to be sick as this could block his airways. The best way to do this is to just try and calm him down, or stop him crying so that he can talk to me, the best way of doing this is to tell him everything will be okay and that he is not in trouble for going in the chemical cupboard as he could be crying because he is scared he is going to be told off. Breathing: Tommy is clearly breathing as he is crying. I would also be worried for chemical burning as most...
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...discipline of forensic science dealing with the negative effects of chemicals, drugs, poisons or any toxic substance on a living system. Forensic Toxicology also has a more specific area of forensics designated to determine if chemicals or drugs contributed to a person’s death called Post Mortem Death Investigation. A Forensic toxicologist specializing in post mortem death investigations usually works with a forensic pathologist during an autopsy to help determine the cause of death. Toxicologists also rely on the help of crime scene detectives to aid in providing information about what was observed during the time the body was found. Physical evidence such as pill bottles, trace residues or drug paraphernalia can aid in determining what chemicals will be found. While performing an autopsy, the forensic toxicologists’ role is to obtain samples of body fluid and tissue from the pathologists and perform tests seeking to find any traces of chemicals. Urine, blood, hair and oral fluids are the most common samples taken from the body to be sent for analysis. Gastric contents from the stomach of the body can also be extracted to test for undigested pills, food or liquids digested prior to death. The vitreous humor found in the eye (ocular fluid) can also be used to estimate the time of death and can help signify renal disease and calcium status. Initially, toxicologists are looking for any amounts of chemicals in the body. In the event the amounts found exceed a normal range...
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...compound produced in the body, and stored within the mitochondria of cells, is used by the cells to help generate energy. In the article, 9 Benefits of Coenzyme Q 10 (2012) Semeco asserts that CoQ10, available in the form of an oral supplement, provides many benefits to a person’s health. Although CoQ10 is a substance that occurs naturally within the body, that does not necessarily make it safe for oral consumption for just anyone. Some people do have health conditions that cause potential deficiencies of CoQ10. As a person ages, the amount of CoQ10 within the body decreases. Persons suffering from nutritional...
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...The following project topic is completed on st john’s wort the herb. In this text I will explore and discuss what makes st john’s wort a very appealing and effective drug in today’s market based on the following topics. Description, background, active ingredients, routes of administration, pharm kinetics, pharm dynamics, clinical trials, and toxicity. | St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) Description St. John's wort is an herb with a five-petaled yellow flower that grows native in most of Europe West Asia, North Africa, Madeira and the Azores, (Christopher Hobbs 1998) it is considered an invasive species in North America and Australia. A herbaceous perennial commonly found wild up to a height of 1 to 3 feet in, woods, hedges, roadsides. Leaves are a pale green; oblong in shape with slightly translucent dots hence oil glands which can be seen on holding leaf up to a light. It has bright yellow flowers 5 petals; ovary pear-shaped with three long styles. It can be seen in Bloom from June to August in which many small round black seeds can be seen. Odour is turpentine taste is bitter, astringent and balsamic. (A modern herbal mrs.M.Grieve) Background Hypericum perforatum or commonly named as St john’s wort got it common name from early Christians named after John the Baptist due to the blooming of its brightly coloured flowers before and on the 24th of June the day celebrated as his birthday. Whilst the botanical name hypericum perforatum comes from the Greek...
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...Hindawi Publishing Corporation Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2014, Article ID 369204, 32 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/369204 Review Article Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae): A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of This Medicinal Plant Juliana Félix-Silva,1 Raquel Brandt Giordani,2 Arnóbio Antonio da Silva-Jr,1 Silvana Maria Zucolotto,2 and Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa1 1 Laborat´rio de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacˆutica (TecBioFar), Programa de P´ s-graduacao em Ciˆncias o e o ¸˜ e Farmacˆuticas (PPgCF), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rua General Cordeiro de Farias, s/n, e Petr´ polis, 59012-570 Natal, RN, Brazil o 2 Laborat´rio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farm´ cia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), o a Rua General Cordeiro de Farias, s/n, Petr´ polis, 59012-570 Natal, RN, Brazil o Correspondence should be addressed to Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa; mpedrosa31@uol.com.br Received 24 February 2014; Revised 1 May 2014; Accepted 1 May 2014; Published 5 June 2014 Academic Editor: Shi-Biao Wu Copyright © 2014 Juliana F´lix-Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution e License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae), widely known as “bellyache bush,”...
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...information from government reports (census), researching other reports (news media), Wall Street Journal and other reporting financials. Segmentation will offer the marketer a shorter time frame and lower cost on their research. (Know this) In viewing if a segment is worth going after a target market the marketer must answer the questions set for them below: Does the market show signs of growth? Does the company have the talent, knowledge and seniority to understand the segment? Does the segment meet the standards of the company? CONSUMER SEGMENT Johnson and Johnson NYSE:JNJ Johnson & Johnson’s 2014 Full-Year Sales of $74.3 Billion Increased 4.2%; Full-Year EPS was $5.70. The Consumer segment sells a board range of products from baby care, skin care, oral care, wound care and the women’s health care fields, nutritional and over-the-counter pharmaceutical products. These products are marketed and sold retailers and distributors to the public. Johnson & Johnson has a clear advantage over the competitors with their bran line of products like: Aveeno, Clean & Clear, Neutrogena, Tylenol, Band Aid and Johnson’s Baby line. 2013 Full-Year Sales of $71.3 Billion increased 6.1%; Full-Year EPS was $4.81 as you can see JNJ increased it’s year by 3 Billion. JNJ is one of the top and trusted brands in the retail market today. (FORBES) JNJ was in deep water a few years ago for the chemicals they had put in their...
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...The Environmental Factors of Cancer Tammie Ewart COM156 Version 7 May 18, 2014 Diane Moore, Faculty Cancer is a disease that is diagnosed almost every day and there are numerous avenues that lead to the development of cancer in the human body. Life styles, diet and nutrition, chemical exposure, exhaust fumes; radiation exposure and hormone replacements to name a few are the leading causes. The majority of these factors is environmental and should be considered when choosing work environments, purchasing products and life styles that can put you at a higher risk. “Cancer is a disease that occurs when cells in the body begin to divide at a faster rate than the body requires. These rapidly dividing cells grow into a lump that is known as a tumor. A tumor can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).” (Cleveland Clinic, 1995-2014). “Many factors can cause the development of cancer in the body. Some of these factors, such as heredity (family members who have the disease cannot be avoided. Others, such as lifestyle, can be controlled. For example, the use of tobacco is one of the main causes of cancer especially lung cancer. Tobacco use, whether in the form of smoking, chewing, or exposure to second hand smoke (smoking by others), can also cause cancer of the mouth, larynx, esophagus, throat, and many other parts of the body.”(Cleveland Clinic, 1995-2014). Other primary causes of cancer include: * Diet/nutrition – The...
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...Debut of Square Pharma as a Partnership Firm. 2. 1964: Converted into a Private Limited Company. 3. 1974: Technical Collaboration with Janssen Pharmaceutica, Belgium, a subsidiary of Johnson and Johnson International, USA. 4. 1982: Licensing Agreement signed with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Switzerland. 5. 1985: Achieved first position in the Pharmaceutical Market of Bangladesh among all national and multinational companies. 6. 1987: Pioneer in pharmaceutical export from Bangladesh. 7. 1991: Converted in to a Public Limited Company. 8. 1994: Initial Public Offering of Square Pharmaceutical Shares. 9. 1995: Chemical Division of Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd. starts production of pharmaceutical bulk products (API). 10. 1997: Won the National Export trophy for exporting pharmaceuticals. 11. 1998: Agro-chemicals...
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