...Incremental analysis, also known as marginal or differential analysis, is one of the methods used by managers in decision making. It involves choosing between alternatives based on revenue differences, cost differences and cost saving differences. While undertaking incremental analysis, the three different costs to be considered are sunk costs, relevant costs and opportunity costs. Sunk costs are those which are not relevant for decision making. They are incurred indifferent to the alternative course of action. Relevant costs are those which need to be considered for decision making. They vary between the alternatives. Opportunity costs is the cost of choosing one alternative over the other. There are three different types of incremental analysis – present worth analysis, cash flow analysis and rate of return analysis. Cash flow analysis: · First step is to identify the incremental after tax cash flows for all alternatives. · When determining the above, only relevant costs are to be taken · Consider the cost of opportunity of not choosing the other alternative · Overhead costs which are fixed should not be allocated · Changes in net working capital (Current Assets – Current Liabilities) should be included · Depreciation is a non cash expense. However, the tax effect of the same should be considered if tax rates are applicable · Second step is to discount the cash flows using an appropriate discounting rate...
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...Effective Audience Analysis Michael Garcia University of Phoenix Effective Audience Analysis “Knowing who you’re talking to is fundamental to the success of any message. You need to identify your audiences, understand their motivations, and know how to reach them” (Locker & Kienzler, 2008, p. 42). Audience analysis is one of the most important steps in creating and communicating an effective message. This is true whether you are announcing a new product line via webcast, or presenting quarterly sales information to a group of stakeholders in person. Despite the reason for the communication, audience analysis is a crucial factor in determining the success of the communication. There are several considerations to keep in mind while conducting an audience analysis and different occasions will call for different considerations. For example, if one were to present sales information in person to a group of stakeholder’s, some of the primary considerations would include the characteristics of the audience, the appropriate communication channel, special considerations involving group diversity, and checking to see if the message was effective. Characteristics of the Audience According to Locker and Kienzler (2008), “The two most important tools in audience analysis are common sense and empathy” (p. 43). One can use common sense to predict how an audience will respond and empathy to look at the situation from the audience’s perspective. However, before one can determine...
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...PAD 500 WEEK 3 DQ CUSTOM ORDER To purchase this visit following link: http://www.activitymode.com/product/pad-500-week-3-dq-custom-order/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM PAD 500 WEEK 3 DQ CUSTOM ORDER Evaluate the importance of each major steps in policy analysis as it relates to political choice. Next, debate if one would conside any of these steps more important than another. Procvide a rationale to support your answer. There are five steps that most Policy Analysts attempt to follow and these are: • Definition of the problem • Setting objectives and criteria • Developing alternatives • Analyzing various policies • Ranking and choosing Under the Definition of Problem Policy analysts need to decide which of the problems facilng public organisations are most pressing. There are several questions that need answers, the analyst must seek a clear statement of the problem, information of the nature and range of solutions. These questions include but not limited to: who is affected? Why has the problem surfaced? How does this problem relate to similar problems? E.g. building homes for the disabled: The analyst should be informed about the time or money and the limitations. He/she can talk to those who did similar jobs. Setting Objective and Criteria In setting the objective and criteria, the analyst should be able to say what the project is worth for the agency to achieve result A instead of B, e.g. routing a highway, the factors...
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...Survey data analysis: We conducted an online survey and had 121 respondents from different US cities. Most of them did not use Peapod for their grocery shopping (Appendix A) * Attributes important for choosing Grocery Items: From our findings, we could find that most of the people cared about past experience at the store and price for choosing their grocery stores (Appendix B). Also the other major factors were nutritional information and looks of the items. Therefore, making the grocery experiences better and optimizing prices for the consumers could play an important role in the improvement of retention rate. Surprisingly people did not care about novelty aspect that usually is one of criteria’s to go for grocery shopping. * Attributes to choose the grocery destination: In order to segment the customers who might have different preferences for choosing the grocery destination, we did a cluster analysis (Appendix C) to perform the segmentation, but there was not much difference between the clusters and almost all of them across the three clusters chose – proximity, prices and quality as the important criteria. The good news for Peapod is that consumers do not care about touch and new products discovery while choosing their shopping destination. We also segmented customers into three categories – Non-peapod users, Peapod users and users who stopped using it to see if there are any differences in the preferences they might have (Appendix Heat-map)...
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...particular project. Business Overview Business Strategies Marketing Strategies 4Ps SWOT Analysis PESTLE Analysis Porter’s 5 forces Marketing Management Product Life Cycle BCG Matrix Marketing case Studies Overview of the company Focus of the Study Marketing Strategy Implementation Thoroughly go through the case study, highlight the main points, understand what the requirements are, go for the key points and search accordingly. Do’s and Don’t Don’t waste your time on searching for data for a company if you’re not able to find much. Search for a similar company from the same industry on which you can find data. For example, if you cannot find enough or relevant data on Tata motors, then search for its competitors maybe, like Ford motors, Honda, Toyota and gather as much data you can. Sometimes, case studies tend to be long and we often work on short deadlines. Therefore, reading the whole case study won’t be much feasible for everyone. In this case, go through the questions thoroughly and search for keywords in the question and the case study. How to get A paper in Compliance and Presentation (a) Pre- writing stage i. Brainstorming Establish understanding of wide subject area and topic Break the topic description into meaningful chunks ii. Auxiliary material Extensively study all the attachments and supplementary material iii. Outline formation Choosing Right Keywords (alternatives, variations, acronyms, synonyms) In case of one-liners attempt...
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...INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION DESIGN FOR XA COSMETICS BASED ON ANALYSIS OF SEGMENTING, TARGETING, AND POSITIONING IN BANDUNG By tikachu ABSTRACT The objective of marketing is recognizing product offered to customer. A producer must encode message about the product offered effectively because it will influence the effort in reaching objective of marketing itself. In other words, a producer must do marketing communication, which can be defined as means which is used by organization to inform, persuade, and remind customer (directly or indirectly) about the product offered (Kotler & Keller, 2007b). Strategy of integrated marketing communcation has close relationship with segmenting, targeting, and positioning. PT. X is one of industries which has core business in cosmetics. They produced few brands of cosmetics, such as XA and XB. Marketing communication activities of this company in promoting XA are through cosmetic agents, over-the-counter, and special cosmetic shop in traditional market. Now, they are performing highly to participate in public relation activities, especially music contests and seminar. Selling level of XA in Bandung hasn’t reached target which is wanted by PT. X marketing team. They think it is caused by performance of marketing communication that hasn’t showed maximum effort. Besides, there are other brands that have same target market with XA (women, 25-45 years old). PT. X has ever done customer social responsibility, but it was just a form...
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...__________________________________ LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Date: January 04, 2011 Lecturer, School of Business North South University Subject: Submission of survey Report on Appy Fizz and Grappo Fizz. It is a great pleasure and privilege for me to present the Internship report titled “APPY FIZZ and GRAPPO FIZZ market in Bangladesh” which was assigned to me as a working requirement for the completion of Internship Program. Throughout the study I have tried my level best to accommodate as much information and relevant issues as possible and tried to follow the instructions as you have suggested. I tried my best to make this report as much informative as possible. I sincerely believe that it will satisfy your requirements. I however sincerely believe that this report will serve the purpose of my internee program. I am grateful to you for your guidance and kind cooperation at every step of my endeavor on this report. I shall remain deeply grateful if you kindly take some pan to go through the report and evaluate my performance. My effort will be reworded only if it adds value to the research literature. Sincerely yours, _______________________________________ACKNOWDGEMENT First of all, I wish to thank the Almighty Allah, the Supreme Authority of the universe for immeasurable Grace and profound Kindness that he has bestowed on me for completing this valuable work. Successful completion of any course requires support from various persons. I have been...
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...1 Calveta Dining Services, Inc.: Case Analysis CALVETA DINING SERVICES, INC.: CASE ANALYSIS Smera Eliza Philip PA1136 28th August 2011 University of Mysore and Post Graduate Program in Management 2 Calveta Dining Services, Inc.: Case Analysis Abstract Calveta Dining Services, Inc. was a $2 billion, privately held firm that managed food service operations for nearly 1,000 senior living facilities (SLFs) in the United States. It was built on Antonio Calveta’s passion for food and traditional family values. It made better food that was more nutritious for the residents of the SLFs whose current food budgets did not exceed. It also provided with not only higher-quality food but also more personalized service. Presently, Calveta Dining Services ran food services for 976 SLFs and employed 15,000 people. When Antonio retired from his 35 years of leadership, he named his eldest son, Frank, as the new CEO and was asked to double the company’s revenues within five years, of which 2 years have passed without any credible strategy adopted yet. He did not want to disturb the special company culture or risk their reputation for quality food services on the race to double the revenue. Now he finds it difficult to carry out his father’s directives. The humanistic and emphatically pro-employee company culture should not be disturbed while the growth strategy takes place. Currently, he is in a dilemma whether to expand beyond the SLF market and he is worried if he could continue...
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...How to Choose a College Major At some point in the process of choosing a college, you may have to choose a college major, or at the very least begin to narrow your options. While being undecided for awhile is fine, you probably want to have some idea of what you want to do when you start the college application process. You want to make sure you make the right college choice, and there’s nothing worse than finding your dream school only to realize it doesn’t offer the major you’ve ultimately chosen. Even though you know you can’t put it off forever, choosing your major can be tough. When it’s time to starting making solid decisions about enrolling in college, many people have questions about how to choose a college major. Selecting a college major is a personal decision that involves you to spend time reflecting on your goals, likes, dislikes, skills, and aptitudes. You have to not only look at your interests, abilities, and goals, but also what you’ll need to be happy in the future. While it would be nice to have an interest in one of the highest paying college majors, it’s also important to choose a college major that will ultimately lead to a career you want in a place you want to live. The best advice we’ve found for how to choose a college major is just to ask questions. Talk to your high school guidance counselor, or if you’re already in college, consult your academic advisor or a career center counselor. Ask friends and family members about how they chose a college...
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...Tips for choosing the best Electrician Choosing an electrician may be easy, but choosing the best one is a tough nut to crack and can be troublesome if you are finding a new electrician for your home. One wrong step in this matter can cause severe damages to your life and property. Your decision of selecting the electrician will be held responsible for every consequence. There are many cases in which the whole houses have been set on fire just because of the negligence and unprofessionalism of the electrician during wiring. So this is not a matter to be in a tearing hurry, instead it’s a very thoughtful decision which you need to make keeping several important considerations in mind. Checklist for selecting an electrician: • Has your electrician got the electrical license? • Is he qualified sufficient to perform serious electrical activities? • Is he experienced enough? • Can he provide the references? • Does the price he has quoted is fair in the competitive market? • Has he got a professional attitude? Let’s discuss these important considerations in detail. GOVERNMENT ISSUED LICENSE The foremost thing to consider before picking the electrician is whether the he has got the government issued electrical license. It will be extremely precarious to hire an electrician who is not registered to any recognized organization and is not lawfully authorized to perform electrical tasks. QUALIFICATION It is reliable to hire an electrician who has the relevant certifications...
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...Project Report Research Methods CMP 551-A Fall 2014 Team # 4 Praveen Kumar Chundi #7 Sowmya Eruvuri #8 Nisith Harsha Kondapalli #12 Sudeep Taneti #25 Anuroop Vanam #28 Virginia International University Statement of Research Problem How to choose right technology to best develop a software? How the resulted analysis drive the project? Will the technology supports the system and easy to integrate the different modules? Deciding the Right platform and application development environment to develop a software and doing the right analysis which best develops the system provided the right resources. Selecting the right technology not only helps to best develop the system but also to provide necessary assistance and training for the deployed product later. This coheres the importance of analyzing the technologies before entering the development phase. Many systems fail or delayed because of not selecting the right technology for their projects in different stages like development, data Integration, Support, Training etc. For this we select different software solutions, analyze the problem and the selected technologies to solve that. Observing the development time. Measuring the maintenance costs and support capabilities. Example: A web application for online bus ticket booking system which is developed on different platforms by different software companies or individuals. We collect the information like duration for developing the system, resources and costs for...
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...TERM PAPER OF ESSENTIALS OF MARKETING [pic] Topic- MARKETING PLAN OF REID AND TAYLOR T-SHIRTS SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY: MR.LOKESH JASRAI (Lect.) SUMIT KUMAR ROLL.- RR1814A17 REG. NO. -10805838 ACKNOWLEGMENT Firstly, i would like to give special thanks to my teacher Mr. LOKESH JASRAI who give me such type of opportunities to write my own views and ideas on a particular topic so that i can increase my knowledge about this topic and i can represent myself as good as i can. Secondly i also thanks all my friends to help me to complete this project at every time. INTRODUCTION OF RAID AND TAYLOR T-SHIRTS: REID AND TAYLOR T-shirts are multi-functional garment worn by all age groups as innerwear and outerwear. They are simply constructed garments that consist of a front and a back, sleeves and a neckline. A few styles may also have pockets. Many styles are now considered unisex. Fashion maybe reflected in oversize styling, deep armhole, cutoff lengths and fitted body. Seasonal changes in T-shirts maybe reflected in sleeve length, color and fabric weight. Reversible T-shirts may be made with two layers of fabric. Plain T-shirts are often referred to as Blanks for the imprint market. Printed T-shirt, which appeal to both males and females, provide humor, ideas or...
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...decision-making method that describes/explains the problems, collet data, and permits for pors and cons analysis (Chapman, n.d). However, they will need to provide a way for goals to include the top chances of achievement with the means obtainable with costs implicated, plus recognize the required individuals to emerge not only in the decision-making process except to put into pratice the goal(s) when selected. Applying a decision-making technique Today we have several decision-making methods. A tool for the mind, a well-liked career skills online resource, suggests the following decision-making techniques (n.d.). 1. Pareto Analysis - goals are prioritized then resources are applied to high priority items first, helpful when there are many goals being considered. 2. Paired Comparison Analysis - weigh the reletive importance of different courses of actions, helpful when all facts are not known for making the comparison of apples to oranages, and/or priorities are not clear or complete. 3. Grid Analysis - rank, and then compare the factors that must be considered with goals, choosing the goals with the highest rank; most successful when factors needing considerations are known. 4. Plus/Minus/Interesting - weigh against the pros, cons, and implications for each goal, deciding better options, helpful when factors call for consideration are known. 5. Force Field Analysis - analyzing the driving and restraining forces for each goal, then utilize data aquired in the investigation...
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...Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter includes the background of the study, statement of the problem,conceptual framework, scope and delimitation, significance of the study and definition of terms. Background of the Study Fraternities exist now a day, these days fraternities are common among college students.. The word fraternities came from the Latin word, frater and soror, meaning ‘’brother’’ and ‘’sister ‘’respectively. From the beginning, the norms and values of fraternities were independent of the college environment. Since the founding of Kappa Alpha at Union College (in Schenectady, New York) in 1825 as the oldest secret brotherhood of a social nature, fraternities developed with different personalities and histories on each campus. The trappings of an idealized ancient Greece were added to those of Freemasonry to create secret societies dedicated to bringing together young men who were seeking conviviality. Members historically met weekly in a student dormitory room or rented facility for social and intellectual fellowship. To fight the monotony of mid-nineteenth-century colleges, fraternities institutionalized various escapes of a social nature. In our time many of the students who study at the university are involved in fraternities and became a big problem with the university because many of the students participating here have neglected their studies and the others were lost due to hazing.And most of the students involved in fraternities and unaware...
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...University of Fredericton | ------------------------------------------------- Priority of Marketing within an Organization | EMBA 603Irfan Chughtai | Today’s Organizations Today’s businesses are getting increasingly complex and diverse. Globalization, technological changes, knowledge management and cross boundaries collaboration are four factors that are major forces creating change in organizations today. These changes affect decision-making as organizations are forced to recognize that they need leaders who are innovative, creative visionaries who understand the various environments that their organizations are operating in, and are able to differentiate between these different environments. These environments include: the external or operating environment; the competitive environment and the macro environment in which influences such as the economy, government regulations, societal values, demographics and technology come to bear upon an organization. The external influencers included talents and the skills in the workforce, global competition, faster and more disruptive change within the industry, and technological developments. In today's world, organizations are very different due to competitive pressures and technological breakthroughs. Organizations today are: * leaner and more agile * more focused on identifying value from the customer perspective * more tuned to dynamic competitive requirements and strategy * less hierarchical in structure...
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