...are increasing the need for multicultural educational initiatives within all schools, including higher education. This essay will examine two of the four approaches to multicultural curriculum reform recommended by Banks (1989). The two approaches are Level I: The Contributions Approach and Level II: The Social Action Approach. Rather than attempt to define multicultural education, these approaches have been broken down into levels, that allow different conceptions in the decision making process when implementing multicultural education program. This essay will examine the two approaches,...
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...Christianity. Jews and Christians will view this piece at the Christian and Jewish Interfaith Cultural and Historical Center; this piece will appropriately represent both faiths. Team C will discuss beliefs on how the piece will reflect Jewish and Christian concepts of humanity's relationship to the world and deity also how the piece will enhance intellectual and physical environments. Representations of developments in world events and cultural patterns past and present in Judaism and Christianity The designed piece placed in the new the Christian and Jewish Interfaith Cultural and Historical Center will promote unity among the Jews and Christians. A number of sensitive issues separated these two faiths. However, this piece will force both Jewish and Christian leaders to look past their differences and conflicts and seek a common ground. Doing this will give their children and followers a solid foundation to pursue their own religious journeys based on learning both Judaism and Christianity, respect for other religions, and a personal sense of spirituality and ethical values. Appropriate location for proposed piece Placing this piece in the entrance of the Christian and Jewish Interfaith Cultural and Historical Center is very much appropriate. The Christian and Jewish Interfaith Cultural and Historical Center is a place where Jews and Christians can develop an appreciation for spiritual and moral values in one another and in society. Both Jewish and Christian leaders and their...
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...LECTURER’S COMMENTS ON ASSIGNMENT STUDENT NAME identifying details removed for privacy UNIT CODE 541 ASSIGNMENT TITLE Essay 3: 1. Critical thinking: 2. Adequate Coverage: 3. Relevance: 4. Creativity: 5. Presentation: Name: removed for privacy STUDKEY: STUDNUMBER: Course: Unit Coordinator: Assignment: Number 3 – Make a critical assessment of the contribution of an author other than your lecturer to the development of your understanding of teaching in a Christian community. What are the key ideas of the writer that have proved particularly insightful for you? Reflect on the contribution of this writer to your thinking in the light of the course material you have studied and your reading of other authors. Due Date: Email Sent: I certify that this assignment is my own work. STUDENT’S SIGNATURE: Parker Palmer has made a significant contribution to my understanding of teaching in a Christian community. Through access to his published works “To Know As We Are Known, The Courage To Teach” and “Let Your Life Speak”, I have been enriched by Palmer’s viewpoints and themes on teacher’s, teaching and community. In many instances I found his viewpoints and philosophies insightful, exciting, challenging, daunting and confronting. In some instances I found his position unrealistic to my experience of teaching while also finding myself disagreeing with what I would see as being his liberal approach to theology. Other author’s...
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...* How does your selected religious group differ from other religious groups (such as in their beliefs, worship practices, or values)? My selected religion is Judaism; Judaism is a religion that is based on the Old Testament, that the Jews call the Torah. Judaism is based on the belief of God. The Jews do not believe that Jesus Christ is the Messiah and are still waiting on his coming. According to Kriger (2010) According to the American Jewish Identity Survey of 2001 (Mayer, Kosmin, & Keysar, 2003), nearly 5.3 million people in the United States are Jewish (as measured by self-identification or by heritage). Jews are often referred to as one group; however, as with other ethnic groups, the Jewish people are diverse. Modern Jews have a shared history and common ancestry, leading back to the time of the Hebrew Bible, but they have since spread throughout the world. The countries in which Jews have lived have influenced their culture. For instance, Indian Jews have incorporated the caste systems into their daily lives, whereas Chinese Jews have incorporated Confucian ideas into their practices (Langman,1999) Sephardi Jews (families of Spanish descent) have integrated Spanish culture into their foods and have created a Hebrew-Spanish hybrid language known as Ladino (Langman, 1999). The Ashkenazi Jews account for nearly 80% of the worlds Jews and represent the majority of Jewish identity in the United States (Elazae,!992; Langman, 1999) and are those whose ancestors lived...
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...John Calvin Research Paper John Calvin was born in July 10, 1509, Noyon, Picardy, France. He died in May 27, 1564, Geneva, Switz. His education career was a mixture of both theologian and statesman because he study law at the University of Paris. Beside that he also get exposed to Renaissance humanism that influenced by Erasmus and Jacques. Even though Calvin study law but he only do it for his father will, of wanting him to become a lawyer. However, throughout the course of his life, he is primarily focus on Renaissance humanism, influence by Erasmus and Jacques. This is a study that aimed to reform church and society base on classical and Christian antiquity which establish to return the Bible studied to its original language. Under this influence, Calvin studied the three main languages of ancient Christian such as Greek, Hebrew, and Latin, to prepare him for his intense study of the Scriptures. As a result of this, Calvin become the leading French Protestant Reformer and the most important figure in the second generation of the Protestant Reformation through his interpretation of Christianity (Calvin). Calvin publication of the Institutes reflected the findings of his biblical work, and make up the largest proportion of his work. The Institutes also help Calvin to gain some reputation among Protestant leaders. This get he invited to Geneva to teach Protestant to the people, but the citizen of that nation lack of enthusiasm for Protestantism and their resistance to religious...
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...Christopher Von Allmen The FINAL Question In this final task, I would like to touch up on two different things. First I would like to talk about the presence of the cultural contributions that we associate with Ancient Israel and New Testament Christianity that are present and “at work” in my experience and how these aspects of cultural tradition seem to have waned, dissipated, or even been intentionally forgotten. As this course played out, it made my mind go in an array of different directions in thinking. One thing that I noticed is just how much my culture is embedded in Christian culture. It goes from how Christian holidays dominate the American calendar. Our national motto, "In God We Trust," is inscribed on all our currency. Our president takes his oath of office with this hand on a Bible. And our Pledge of Allegiance declares that we are "one nation under God." And how our laws are based where you can’t steal, and can’t murder. These facts, and many more, contribute mightily to American culture. Around 78% of Americans are Christian however the remaining 22% of non Christians are still influenced by a Christian culture. Lets talk about the Justice System that America has. The criminal and justice system of America employs a Judeo-Christian requirement of having witnesses testify and in British and American jurisprudence; witnesses are part of “due process of law. The Bible stays, “One witness is not enough to convict a man accused of any crime or offense he may...
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...Hypatia Christian tried to eradicate the pagans from the earth. Pagans fought and unfortunately they were too many since they were the poor. Pagans retreat to their library no one can leave or enter, they ran out of food and water. They asked help from the Prephet (mayor) Library Alexandria, province of Rome in Egypt, he forgave them for attacking them but the condition was to give up the library and give it to the Christians. They burned them and destroyed everything. They don’t want the knowledge to be passed down to the next generation. YouTube – Agora-Hypatia – last moments of the Library of Alexandria Describe how Christians destroyed the scrolls. Statues were destroyed as well. When Hypatia died, Alexandria stopped being the focal point of philosophy. Hypatia * pushed the idea that the earth revolved around the sun in a shape of an elipse * skinned alive using oyster shells, stoned, dragged to the city of Alexandria * accused of witch craft and ungodliness * killed by a mob * provoking her students or the masses in what they believe Pagan * non Christian, non Jew, non Muslim, during the ancient Roman times * first religion * Christians accused pagans of devil worship (rituals revered the devil) * A horned-god named Pan * Not Christian you will be stoned to death, in Alexandria Soldiers of Christ * killed Hypatia * they did charity works and gave their life for it * stone anyone who is not Christian ...
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...Christian Education DR.JT. Roberson Final Examination December 7, 2011 Robin Johnson 1. How was Christian Education conducted for African Americans during slavery and while was operational? Christianity and Education was of utmost importance to the African culture. Africans came to America with a rich and dynamic heritage, which they tried to preserve. Black religion, like Black people, began in Africa. In trying to find a starting point of Christian Education, many scholars believe it may be found in the sacred text of the New Testament. Africa’s contribution to Black religion is well known and John Jackson is an advocate of this position. He has cited several legacies of Egypt to Christianity. Education was an experience that was required by each person in a tribe. The community to which one belonged defined what it meant to be human. To be human was to belong to a community and participate in beliefs, rituals, and ceremonies of that community. African Education was the oral instruction that emerged through their music, dance, folk tales, rituals, proverbs, poetry, and so on. These tools served as instruction. Slaves during the Antebellum Period formed new ideas and practices on their own that pronounced longing for freedom. These meetings were held in the brush harbors and praise houses, and were thus coined the “invisible church”. Story and song were the sources of education during this period of slavery. This oral communication was used as the education structure...
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...The Puritan Contribution to American Culture In 1630, a group called the Puritans made their way to the New World, a part of it that would later become America. They brought with them a uniquely structured culture of their time, a structure shaped by factors of ideology and necessity that was to be shaped further by extenuating circumstances down the road. The Puritans undoubtedly had a massive impact on an infant America so long ago, an impact that can be seen to this day. With both forerunners to modern American ideology and social and political practices, and twisted stigmas that would take generations to water down and wash out, the Puritans left a mixed American legacy, but one that played a vital part in developing American society. The Puritans were, at heart, a religious group. Indeed, that was the primary purpose for which they left Europe and traveled to the New World: they desired the ability to assert their own religious practices in what they considered an empty world without persecution by a group with more power and conflicting ideas. This resulted in a variety of beneficial results as regards the common wealth, but was interspersed with a few less than benevolent practices. One of the better religious contributions, interestingly enough, came from the idea of predestination, the idea that no matter what an individual does, their fate to either heaven or hell has already been decided. This idea spurred people on to try to prove to their fellow inhabitants that...
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...ESSENTIAL ACTIVITY OF CHRISTIAN MINISTRY? Submitted to Dr. D. P. Moosbrugger DSMN-500 – Discipleship Ministry Jacqueline Thornton Bryan, TX May 26, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………1 EDUCATION, DISCIPLESHIP, AND SPIRITUAL FORMATION…………………..1 CHURCH MINISTRY PRIORITY……………………………………………………..4 WORSHIP CONNECTION…………………………………………………………….5 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………6 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………7 Introduction As a youth leader working with different age groups, the question of what constitutes the essential activity of Christian ministry is a critic alone. The drive can be to simply educate about the Bible in a Christian setting, to drive spiritual foundation or to nurture discipleship of Jesus Christ. What is really important is to establish what really separates these theories or whether there is significant similarity. While many answers about education have been developed and published by nonspiritual authors, finding answers in the Christian setting require a rather different considerations as the spiritual aspect is a part. God is difficult to comprehend in scientific evaluation, however we can evaluate answers to the quest for an answer based on what Scripture teaches. In Chapter 1 of our text Mitchell states “Jesus expected his disciples to follow him, experience life change, and participate in something remarkable” (p 3). So in order to evaluate the statement “The essential activity of Christian ministry” we much...
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...and violence rather than defined by the enhancing technologies and education that emerged from the Middle Ages. Some major events/issues of the Middle Ages include the Black Plague, the Great Famine, the Crusades, religion and reform. The Black Death proved to be the most threatening epidemic of the Middle Ages. A big portion of the population also died from starvation during the two years of famine that brought great unrest to the peasants. The Crusades was also a major event because the end result did not accomplish their goals, the Holy Land remained under Islamic control, and “the Crusader kingdoms there collapsed within a few generations of their founding, and the animosity toward Christians fostered by the Crusades resonates even today in the Middle East” (Craig, p 427). The Declaration of the Magna Carta proved major as well because it was considered the first step toward the constitutional government in England; restricting the power of the Emperor and proved the importance of the constitution. The Church was divided into eastern and western Christian Churches. There was also the Great Schism in which several men claimed to be the pope. This conflict reduced the influence and power of the Church over common people. Significant contributions of this time include higher learning, guilds, technological advances, religion, and rule of law. Much of this period of rebirth was because of the spread of education and literacy, the rise of medieval university, and the acquisition...
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...Educational Psychology Christian School Case Study Student’s name Course name and number Instructor’s name Date of submission Educational Psychology Christian School Case Study A Concise Account of A Classroom Scenario Describing the Student Behaviours and What the Teacher Responded To and Encouraged the Behaviours In a classroom, students usually behave differently depending on different factors that have a contribution to their behaviours, be it good or bad. There are those who show much attention in class and are much focused on their studies. They usually show better performance in their class work as well as in the overall results of the exams done at the end of each semester. These students portraying good behaviours are always neatly dressed in clean and decent clothes. They arrive in class earlier than the scheduled time for the lessons and are ready to learn new ideas from the teachers. In case of late arrival n class the students has sensible reasons for lateness which he or she presents to the teacher in a humble way. The students are calm and tried as much as possible not to engage in indiscipline acts. In case of a fight or quarrel between them and other students, they opt for reconciliation instead of fighting back. They therefore tend to live a moral life with a very strong Christian foundation emulating the life of Christ (Lambert 1997). The other group of students portrays a different kind of behaviour from the one explained above. They are usually cunning...
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... OLUKAYODE ADARIJO AKINDELE Multicultural Evangelism Individual Assignment Study September 2007 ‘The legacy of William Carey” by Vishall and Ruth Mangalwadi is one of the must read titles for any mission minded Christian of the twenty first century. William Carey’s mission field was in India and being an Indian place the authors in the best position to collate the achievements and the challenges faced by the 17th Century missionary from an insider perspective. This book tells us who actually William Carey was. According to the authors, Carey was a man of humble origin. His father Edmond encouraged him to be educated. At the age of 12 years, he had to abandon all formal education so as to earn a living. He tried his hands in agricultural labour, but due to his sensitive skin problem, he could not do this job for long. He then became an apprentice shoemaker to Clerk Nichols of Pidington. This job actually kept his hands and mind active. He taught himself Theology, Latin, Greek and Hebrew languages and these facilitated his understanding of the Bible. As a shoe maker, Carey came to the realisation that the grace of God was more sufficient for him than anything else. The author described him as ‘pioneer of modern western Christian Missionary movement reaching out to all parts of the world.’ He was an evangelist who used every available medium to illuminate ever dark facet of India with the light of truth. There is little wonder therefore that most people see...
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...this quotation has been referenced by the Young Turks calling for an end to the arguments about genocide, Asian communities calling for peace in their neighborhoods, and 1,260,000 other occasions noted on the web. I propose “Can we all just get along?” as the overarching question offered by Wong (2009) when she states, “I posit that a reconstructed identity from a ‘missionary who is teaching to gain access’ to a ‘global Christian professional language teacher’ has the potential to redress the concern raised while enhancing many of the benefits that can occur when teachers align their spiritual and professional identities” (p. 91, emphasis mine). I don’t think Mr. King will mind if we borrow his phrase one more time for application to this discussion of how Christian English language teachers integrate their spiritual identities and their pedagogy. To determine if we can get along, I will address issues that are foundations for the discussion. I will begin with a key definition that seems lacking and follow with my thoughts on the effectiveness of the contributions in Part I to the cause. To effectively begin any discussion, definitions should be established. Definitions are necessary to make sure that...
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...Reviewing “A Survey of Higher Education Programs in Nine States” Cecilia Clark Liberty University With all the students graduating from teacher education programs each year, one may wonder about the quality of educators they are producing. Are these educators qualified to handle the stressors and challenges associated with leading and developing today’s youth? Furthermore, are these educators prepared to face the tests associated with training the early childhood education community? Proper early childhood development and education is critical to a child’s success down the line. How educators react to early childhood behavioral, physical and emotional issues is a precursor to classroom success. The research of Hemmenter, Santos and Ostrosky as discussed in the article “Preparing Early Childhood Educator to Address Young Children’s Social-Emotional Development and Challenging Behavior: A Survey of Higher Education Programs in Nine States” sets out to evaluate teacher education programs in search of answers to such questions. As with all research, the higher education programs survey (2008) seeks to explore and possibly identify solutions to an issue. In this case, that issue is the preparedness of educators to handle “the growing number of children who begin elementary school without the emotional, social, and behavioral skills necessary for future success (Hemmenter, Santos & Ostrosky, p. 321).” To answer this question, Hemmenter, Santos and Ostrosky, identified...
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