...RUTH’S NOTES: SOME WRITING TIPS August 17, 2010 SOURCES Some sources are great fun to explore and are very handy in everyday life. But they are not considered “scholarly. These include a wide range of general information sites on the internet: wikis, ask.com, and so on. Some other internet sources are screened and edited with rigor: these are considered scholarly. Some sites that include sources of this caliber are listed below. When you include the source as a reference, the link to the web is not enough. Include all the appropriate data for the individual source just as you would if you had found it in print. http://scholar.google.com/ http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/ REFERENCE LIST These are some examples you can use as a guide. Note: Ruth considers it an acceptable option to use an author’s full name. She has often been confused with Robert House when only initials are used. Book. Item B, p. 248. House, Ruth Middleton. (2005). It’s time to change the way you change. Kennesaw, GA: Middleton-House & Company. Journal Article. Item 1, p. 240. Mellers, B.A. (2000). Choice and the relative pleasure of consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 910-924. Nonperiodical document on the Internet. Item 78, p. 274. Chou, L. McClintock, R., Moretti, F. & Nix, D.H. (1993). Technology and education: New wine in new bottles: Choosing paste and imagining educational futures. Retrieved August...
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...Debate with your learning team whether Wikipedia is a credible and valid source of information. Resource: Learning team debate and Ch. 9 Writing from Sources Option I Develop your own argument based on the debate outcomes. Use the four steps for fairly presenting arguments indentified in Ch. 9 of Writing from Sources to guide your writing. What are the four steps for fairly presenting arguments identified in Ch.9: 1. Present both sides of the argument. One way of shading an argument to suit your own ends is to misrepresent the strength of the opposition. Let us assume that you are working PRESENTING ARGUMENTS FAIRLY 4 1 3 negative view image of attack image of disease 0-312-62992-3 (c) Bedford/St. Martin's / bedfordstmartins.com with a number of articles, all of which are effectively presented and worth citing. Some clearly support your point of view; others are openly opposed; and a few avoid taking sides, emphasizing related but less controversial topics. If your essay cites only the favorable and neutral articles, and avoids any reference to the views of the opposition, you have presented the issue falsely. A one-sided presentation will make you appear to be either biased or sloppy in your research. If the sources are available and if their views are pertinent, they should be represented and, if you wish, refuted in your essay. 2. Provide a complete account of the argument. Sometimes, distortions occur accidentally, because you have presented ...
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...Finding Resources/Defining the Process Section 1 * When using a quotation from a source it has to be identical to what that source has written. When paraphrasing we are allowed to put a passage from the source’s material into our own words. When summarizing it involves putting the main idea of the source material into our own words. We must also include only the main point or points. I believe all researchers should be required to provide in-text citations and a reference page entry for all three because if someone else wants to research on what you’ve written it’s important for them to reference the same readings you have used to write your paper/essay. * Three ways to avoid plagiarism is to always write about something new and original. Always make your own contribution and always use your own words and voice. * What makes citing and referencing electronic sources difficult is the fact that electronic sources difficult is the fact that electronic sources aren’t always updated and it may not help with your current research. To ensure this is done correctly consult with your instructor to determine the form of citation appropriate for your paper. Section 2 * I decided to do a search on the EbscoHost about the Ebola virus. The reason for my choice was because it is the most talked about currently on the news because of the infected person in Dallas. What I learned while navigating the library is that all research is divided into different sections. Example:...
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...Research Annotated Bibliography * You will choose a controversial social topic to research and create an argumentative annotated bibliography. * Required Sources: 4 sources (including 1 primary source) – all sources will come from the online database, Points of View. * Internet sources are NOT allowed. Getting Started: Before you begin researching your topic: 1. In a single sentence, state what you currently think is the controversy surrounding your topic: The controversy surrounding the legalization of marijuana is that many people see it as just a drug, so therefore they assume that no good can come from it. Understanding the Argument: Student Research Center: Points of View Go to www.ncwiseowl.org Click on High School Zone Click on Student Research Center (password is wiseowl) Click on Search Other Databases (top right) Click OK to the dialog box that pops up Choose Points of View Click on View All Topics and browse to your topic Click #4 – Your Topic: Guide to Critical Analysis and read 2. Based on your reading, what is a FACT? A fact is something that can be proven true. 3. Based on your reading, what is an OPINION? An opinion is one’s belief. Go back to your results list and read Your Topic: An Overview 4. What are some of the key terms that you must understand in order to understand your topic? You must understand that...
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...Britannica recruited Einstein, Freud, Curie, Mencken and even Houdini as contributors. The names helped the encyclopedia bolster its credibility.”(Stross 331) The new millennium of college students has since abandoned the gothic ruins of brick and mortar for modern technology. Hence, as an evolving community of college students, we must consider the use of websites such as Wikipedia for credible sources or not use them at all. The Internet contains a history of creditable sources. It also contains a legacy of anonymous sources. We have relied on the reviews and opinions of others to prove the validity of said information on the Internet and stop challenging it when we read the answer that strikes a chord in our cognitive judgments. If this process continues to be the norm, printed sources such as encyclopedias will leave people saying “This was written by one person? Then looked at by only two or three other people? How can I trust that process?” (Stross 332) Websites such as Wikipedia have become a challenging debate amongst students and professors to be of use as a creditable source from the Internet. This kind of trend has evolved because of history. History can always be re-examined and edited. Wikipedia has proven, through its supervising editors, that history is a set of events in a place and time that can be edited...
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...production) without crediting the source •to commit literary theft •to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward. But can words and ideas really be stolen? According to U.S. law, the answer is yes. The expression of original ideas is considered intellectual property and is protected by copyright laws, just like original inventions. Almost all forms of expression fall under copyright protection as long as they are recorded in some way (such as a book or a computer file). All of the following are considered plagiarism: •turning in someone else's work as your own •copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit •failing to put a quotation in quotation marks •giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation •changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit •copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not (see our section on "fair use" rules) Most cases of plagiarism can be avoided, however, by citing sources. Simply acknowledging that certain material has been borrowed and providing your audience with the information necessary to find that source is usually enough to prevent plagiarism. See our section on citation for more information on how to cite sources properly. What about...
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...Since the inception of Wikipedia, the ongoing debate about whether it is a reliable source or not has plague academia. Still to this day many instructors have to make the conscious decision on whether or not they will permit it within their course. Cheryl Miller Maddox wrote, “The history department at Middlebury College banned students from citing Wikipedia articles in their papers and exams” (Jeffe Maehre, 2009, p. 1). This prompted a highly contested debate. The reason the idea is shared that Wikipedia should be ban from school is because of the fact it pollutes the mind. Today many children just are taking it as the gospel. Many educators fear that with the wealth of erroneous information Wikipedia possesses could be dangerous in the development of students’ education. Don Wyatt, chair of the department of history at Middlebury College stated, “As educators, we are in the business of reducing the dissemination of misinformation. Even though Wikipedia may have some value, particularly from the value of leading students to citable sources, it is not itself an appropriate source for citation” (Scott Jaschik, 2007, p. 1). This line of thinking was shared by multiple schools across the country. Many educators believe that the art of researching is a valuable tool to pass along to students. When a student has the knowledge of exploring many sources to find a fact is something that could translate seamlessly into the world of business. For example, a lawyer has to muddle through...
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...[pic] STUDENT INFORMATION |STUDENT NO. |30097036 |SURNAME |Nguyen | |PHONE NO. |+84974876666 |GIVEN NAMES |Thi Thu Quynh | |E-MAIL |thepquynhminh@gmail.com | Instructions for submission are found in the course description. Assignments with Cover Sheets not signed at the bottom will be returned unmarked and may then incur a penalty for late submission. ASSESSMENT INFORMATION |COURSE NAME |Human Resource Management |COURSE CODE |BUHRM 5912 | |ASSIGNMENT DETAILS | | |(title) |Individual essay - ‘While trade unions may have been necessary a hundred years ago, the enlightenment of modern employers makes them| | |unnecessary.’ | |LECTURER / TUTOR’S |Thangaraj |Campus / | ...
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...Documenting Sources Documenting means showing where you got source information that's not your own. Remember, a research paper blends your ideas with ideas and information from other sources. Documentation shows the reader what ideas are yours and what information and ideas you've taken from a source to support your point of view. Why Document? * By correctly documenting, you establish your credibility as a writer and researcher. You're letting your reader know that you've consulted experts whose ideas and information back up your own thoughts and ideas. Consequently, you make your viewpoint or argument more believable. * When you don't document correctly, your academic integrity can be called into question, because it may seem as though you're passing off others' ideas as your own. * If you don't document, you could inadvertently plagiarize, which is grounds for dismissal from college. Academic Integrity Academic integrity involves not only acknowledging your sources, but also creating your own ideas. Academic integrity, explained in this way, sounds relatively simple. But the particular applications are a bit more tricky. The most common academic integrity problems that most students encounter are: 1. relying too heavily on others' information in a research paper 2. relying too heavily on others' words in a paraphrase or summary 3. citing and documenting sources incorrectly 4. relying too heavily on help from other sources The most egregious...
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...* Plagiarism can get you expelled from your course * Plagiarism can result in your work being destroyed * Plagiarism can result in expulsion from your academic institution * Plagiarism can result in legal action. Plagiarism: is when you are copying someone’s else ideas or taking credit of something that is not ours it is most likely If you get caught plagiarising, it's possible you may lose your job and the opportunity to move forward not only will you be removed from your course and institution, but you may never be able to study for a degree again. Plagiarism offences a lot of people who are unable to make up their own work word for word. The problem is that students today are faced not only with increasing pressure and a consequent temptation to plagiarise However, don't fall into the trap of thinking that because more people are tempted to plagiarise this somehow both reduces its seriousness and the likelihood of your facing plagiarism consequences, as it does neither of these. The consequences of plagiarism could seriously endanger your academic career because your record will follow you, and should you be compelled to leave your course of study, then you will find it extremely difficult to obtain a place elsewhere Should you be embarked on a longer piece of work, such as a dissertation or thesis, and plagiarise, the work will probably be destroyed. In fact, in these cases, your work will be scrutinised even more carefully for any instance of plagiarism and...
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...What is an ‘academic reference’? An academic reference is a book or journal article that has been “peer-reviewed” by academic specialists in the particular field. Academic references are considered to have more legitimacy and credibility than popular sources for this reason. Popular sources such as newspapers, social media, websites and blogs are not academic references and may have no claims to legitimacy or credibility. Why is academic referencing important at university? At university we are trying to develop critical thinking in students. Not “critical” in terms of negative thinking, but in terms of being able to analyse information and make informed comments about how valid the views expressed in the source may be. By using academic references you show that you can compare sources of legitimate information. Make sure you have a majority of academic references in your assignments. While you may use and reference popular sources, make sure most of your references are academic references. Ask the lecturer if you have any concerns or comments about either referencing or any aspect of your study, including after you receive marked assignments. ____________________________________________________________________________ Common types of academic references used in The Business School at UB. 1. Citation of a reference in your assignment (“in-text citation”). Method: author(s) and date of publication. Example: Retrenchment has become a part of contemporary...
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...Barry University Administrative Theory and Practice, Spring “A” 2013 Mark E. Thompson February 18, 2013 Research Paper, Assignment #4 Professor: Sam Stanton Abstract Your abstract should be one paragraph and should not exceed 120 words. It is a summary of the most important elements of your paper. All numbers in the abstract, except those beginning a sentence, should be typed as digits rather than words. To count the number of words in this paragraph, select the paragraph, and on the Tools menu click Word Count. Managing People with Technology Technological advances in the workplace have brought about a drastic change in the business environment, and the way people are managed. The workplace is being shaped today by an advanced web, powerful technologies, and social media that is accessible on any electronic device of any size. The merging of these technologies and workforce trends are creating a generation of workers who are hyper connected, and managers who are learning to communicate with them. Losing the Face to Face I know that in the medium sized government where I work, most critical collaboration and crisis resolution is still done face-to-face with the support of technology. However, the use of technology can severely limit the amount of interaction among employees. Most of the resources that an employee could need can be accessed right from their desk. A lot of the planned and impromptu meetings around the coffee machine in the employee lounge...
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...1. Indirect quotes or paraphrasing carry the meaning of someone else’s words and uses no quotation marks. Indirect quotations and paraphrasing, etc can be considered plagiarism unless sources are properly cited. For example, The Source: Maya Angelou – “I’ve learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.” (Unacknowledged, indirect paraphrase of the above direct quote) Emotions are long felt in the brain after being felt in the heart. For instance people will never forget the feelings you made them feel, but words and actions will be forgiven and forgotten. It is also easy to overuse someone else’s ideas, however you should avoid doing so in every situation....
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...Steps in Writing a Research Paper Single most important skill – 3 steps: 1. Read what is in the article, book, or other source 2. Process it mentally 3. Use it in your own writing in a legitimate way Step 1. Read the article, book, or other source: * If it is a brief article, read the entire article. * If it is a web source, check the author, organization, URL for .org or .edu, and other steps for evaluating the web source as listed in Writer’s Reference, page 355. * If it is a scholarly article, use the steps in the handout “On Reading a Scholarly Article”. Step 2. Process it mentally: First Reading * Read (skim) through each source a first time for the big ideas. Take notes in the margin as you read. Note the main topics or ideas that relate to your research question. * After completing your reading, put the article aside and write a summary of the article that reflects the author’s findings or main points. * Review your margin notes from each source to find common themes or ideas. * Begin to analyze your sources to develop an outline based on the common ideas. Put aside sources that don’t help develop your paper. * Search for additional sources that relate to your outline of ideas. Step 3. Use it in your own writing in a legitimate way – Three ways to use material from a source: * Summarize – Write a few sentences or short paragraph that summarizes the main points of the article. * Paraphrase – Write...
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...needed to know. To start off the information that was given to help me with my thesis statement proved to be very beneficial on so many levels. I know that I must not be opinionated in my thesis over have it very cluttered. I’ve also learned how to successfully create an outline for an expository paper. Something that I have never tackled before. I now know that writing in third person is accurate in these types of papers. I’ve also found that creating a draft makes writing much easier. As I have stated before in discussion questions, I never stared with a draft in my papers and that proved to show in my grades from previous institutes. Correctly using the right sources to make my paper a collegiate paper was also something that I will cherish from this class. I found that correctly citing data retrieved from reliable sources made my essay flow and sound much better. It helped me get my point across because I had information to help me back up my claims. Also discussed in this class was the importance and benefits of using proper communication. I learned that effective communication can help us not only in school, but also in our career paths. Being able to correctly express yourself in writing shows that you are educated and credible. Out of everything that I have learned in this course I would say the most challenging was the CLC team assignment. It’s really hard depending on others to do their part. I believe the most essential thing that I learned in this class would be the...
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