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Civil War Notes

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Battle of Antietam
Single bloodiest day of the entire war

Casualties: 12,000 Union, 13,000 Confederates
McClellan had been ordered by Lincoln to destroy the rebel army did not pursue the Confederate troops

Marked a major change in Northern war aims
Emancipation Proclamation
Shift in public opinion
Blow against slavery would make Britain and France less likely to aid the South
Weaken the confederacy
Emancipate- "Free" all enslaved African Americans in the South
On January 1st 1863 Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation
Applied only to areas that the Confederacy controlled, it did not actually free anyone.
Hoped it would encourage slaves to run away and many would
Had the desired effect in Europe. Britain and France decided to withhold recognition of the Confederacy.
Southern Victories
In the winter of 1862- 1863 the south is winning
The ride of war turns
Lee decided to invade the North. In June of 1863 he begins moving north with 75000 troops.
The two armies meet by accident on July 1st near the town of Gettysburg.
Battle of Gettysburg
Three days of fighting
The Union held the high ground
On the third day of battle, Lee decided to launch an attack the he hoped would destroy the Union army.
Battle with largest number of casualties of the war. About 50,000
Often described as a turning point. It ended Lee's invasion of the North
Pickett's Charge
Around 14,000 Confederates advanced across and open field about a half-mile long. Barely half of the Rebels returned from the charge.
Lee- "Its all my Fault"
Victory at Vicksburg
On July 4, 1863 Vicksburg surrendered
Union now held the entire Mississippi River.
Gettysburg Address
November 19, 1863 Lincoln gave a two minute speech called the Gettysburg Address. This is considered one of the most famous speeches by any President.

Compromise of 1850 - California applies for statehood in

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