Ethical Scrapbook Part 1
Johnathan Hendricks
CJS/211
October 19th, 2015
Leesa A. McNeil

Ethical Scrapbook Part 1
Good Samaritan Acts-
Oprah Winfrey The bulk of Winfrey’s giving has gone to educational causes, including charter schools, programs that support African-American students, and the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy in South Africa. According to Forbes, Winfrey had given away approximately $400 million to educational causes by 2012, including nearly 400 scholarships to Morehouse College, and more than $40 million in operating support for the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy in South Africa.
She’s also given at least $10 million to A Better Chance. Its mission is to improve access to quality education for students of color, and has given $1 million or more to at least nine different charter school organizations in a number of different areas throughout the country (insidephilanthropy.com, 2015).

Princess Diana

Diana’s interests were reflected in the organizations of which she was Patron or President. These included the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children in London and the Royal Marsden Hospital, which specializes in the treatment of cancer. Her patronages also included Centrepoint, an organization working with the homeless, The National Aids Trust and The Leprosy Mission.
The Princess's love of the arts was underlined by her involvement as Patron of the English National Ballet. During her lifetime she was at some time patron of an additional 100 charities. She made many visits to North America, visiting hospices, schools, charities and fundraising galas, and touched the lives of many wherever she went. Other major overseas visits included Angola, Australia, Bosnia, Egypt, India, Pakistan, and many European countries. The Princess spoke out on a wide range of issues and used her high profile to raise awareness as well as funds for charitable causes.
She is remembered for her devotion to all the causes she supported, but particularly for her championing of unpopular causes - such as those suffering from HIV/AIDS, those afflicted by leprosy and those whose lives had been devastated by landmines. She was not afraid to speak out and show her support of those marginalized by society by becoming actively involved in highlighting their plight.
The image of the Princess standing in a minefield in Angola in January 1997 put the issue of landmines in the headlines the world over. It is still an inspiring image today. When she spoke out with simple but practical words about HIV or was photographed holding the hand of someone with AIDS, she helped reduce stigma and the world took notice (princessofwalesmemorialfund.org, 2014).

Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa grew famous for humbly ministering to lepers, the homeless and the poorest of the poor in the slums of Calcutta. In 1928 Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu joined the Sisters of Our Lady of Lareto, a Catholic order that did charity work in India.
She took the name Sister Teresa and for 17 years taught school in the country. In 1950 she founded the Missionaries of Charity, a new order devoted to helping the sick and poor; the order grew to include branches in more than 100 cities around the world, and Mother Teresa became a worldwide symbol of charity, meeting with Princess Diana and many other public figures. In 1979 Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace, and in 1985 she was awarded the Medal of Freedom from the United States (infoplease.com, 2015).

Acts Of Vigilantism- Bernard Goetz On December 22, 1984, New York City was treated to a real-life Death Wish story after Bernhard Goetz, a 37-year-old electronics specialist, was accosted by four young African-American men on a Manhattan subway train. After the four allegedly tried mugging him, Goetz pulled out a.38-caliber Smith & Wesson revolver and fired five shots into them.
Even though they all survived their wounds, one of the men, Darrell Cabey, was paralyzed. Goetz reportedly shot Cabey once, and then said, “You don’t look so bad, here’s another,” before firing a second bullet. Goetz fled the state for several days before he decided to turn himself in. He claimed he’d shot the men not just to defend himself but because he’d been denied proper justice when three other youths mugged and assaulted him three years earlier.
Charged with four counts of attempted murder and assault, Goetz was dubbed “The Subway Vigilante” by the New York media. Since Goetz was white and his victims were black, the case generated much controversy. Goetz was eventually acquitted on all the attempted murder and assault charges and only wound up serving eight months in jail for one count of carrying an unlicensed firearm. Years later, however, Cabey filed a civil suit against Goetz, and a jury awarded him $43 million (listverse.com, 2015).

Leo Frank When 13-year-old Mary Phagan was discovered strangled in an Atlanta pencil factory on April 27, 1913, factory owner Leo Frank became the primary suspect. Frank had recently laid Phagan off from her job, and it the public theorized that he’d killed her for resisting his romantic advances. Frank was charged with the murder and sentenced to death via hanging, but he maintained his innocence and appealed the verdict.
Frank was scheduled to hang in June 1915, but one day before his execution, the Governor of Georgia decided to commute his sentence to life imprisonment. On the evening of August 16, 25 men formed a lynch mob, calling themselves the “Knights of Mary Phagan.” They stormed Milledgeville State Penitentiary, kidnapped Frank and took him near Phagan’s home in Marietta. The next morning, they hanged him from a tree.
Several decades later, a witness confirmed Frank’s innocence by claiming he’d seen Jim Conley, a janitor who testified against Frank, carrying Phagan’s body into the basement. Leo Frank finally had his name cleared in 1986 when the Georgia State Board of Pardons and Paroles granted him a posthumous pardon (listverse.com, 2015).

Mack Charles Parker By the 1950s, lynch mob violence had sharply declined in the United States, but there some racially-motivated acts of vigilante justice continued. On February 23, 1959, a pregnant white woman named June Walters was waiting in her car with her four-year-old daughter on a dirt logging road in Pearl River County, Mississippi. The car had broken down and Walters’s husband had gone to get help when a 23-year-old African-American man named Mack Charles Parker allegedly arrived at the scene. He proceeded to abduct the two at gunpoint before raping Walters. The next day, the father of one of Parker’s friends phoned the police, and Parker was arrested.
Walters identified him as the perpetrator. However, no other evidence connected him to the crime, and Parker took a series of lie detector tests which provided no other support. Parker pleaded not guilty to one count of rape and two counts of kidnapping and was held at the Pearl River County Courthouse to await trial.
Shortly after midnight on April 25, a mob of eight to ten people came to the prison. They didn’t need to storm the facility—a deputy sheriff let them enter and approach Parker’s cell. They proceeded to abduct Parker and drive him to the Pearl River Bridge. He was shot twice in the chest and weighed down with chains before being tossed off the bridge into the river. An FBI investigation would uncover the names of all the participants in the lynching, but the local authorities refused to indict them. Debate still rages on about whether Parker was actually an innocent man. In 2009, the FBI decided to re-open the investigation (listverse.com, 2015). Acts of Civil Disobedience
Mahatma Gandhi Gandhi's defiance of British colonial laws over the empire's salt monopoly, beginning in March 1930, sparked a wave of civil disobedience that contributed to expelling the British empire. Salt laws taxed the production of Indian salt so that the country had to import British salt. Gandhi and his supporters began a long, expanding march to produce salt and transport it without paying the tax. It did not stop the practice: the British suppressed the march fiercely, arresting tens of thousands, and refused to make any concessions. It was also limited by its failure to win Muslim support.
However, the campaign had long-term effects that weighed against its failure to win its immediate goals. In the first instance, it was inspiring for those taking part, since many had never been organized before. Second, it announced to the world that the Indian masses were a serious force, and that the British authorities had been forced to negotiate with their leader. Third, it stimulated further waves of civil disobedience. Finally, the Salt March had a tremendous influence on the thinking and strategy of other insurgents, such as Martin Luther King (theguardian.com, 2012).

Ferguson Protests Acts of civil disobedience continued across Ferguson, Missouri, as hundreds of people demonstrated in the St. Louis area over recent police shootings. More than 50 people were reportedly arrested by St. Louis County police as people gathered outside Ferguson police headquarters as part of a four-day protest called "Ferguson October."
Protesters reportedly attempted to block a major intersection in Ferguson while others disrupted business at a shopping center and three Walmart stores in the region. Protesters also reportedly gathered to demonstrate at Soldiers Memorial Park, while some held a rally outside St. Louis City Hall. A banner reading, “Rams fans know on and off the field black lives matter,” was briefly hung at the Edward Jones Dome in St. Louis, during the second half of the St. Louis Rams game Monday night, the Associated Press, or AP reported.
Ferguson, a suburb of St. Louis, has witnessed protests since the shooting death of Michael Brown, an 18-year-old unarmed black teen, by a white police officer, Darren Wilson, on Aug. 9. Tensions in the region escalated yet again after another black teen, Vonderrit Myers Jr., 18, was shot and killed by a white off-duty police officer on Oct. 8 (ibtimes.com, 2014).

Walmart Employee Protest Surrounded by about 100 police officers in riot gear and a helicopter circling above, more than 50 Walmart workers and supporters were arrested in downtown Los Angeles Thursday night as they sat in the street protesting what they called the retailer's "poverty wages." Organizers said it was the largest single act of civil disobedience in Walmart's 50-year history. The 54 arrestees, with about 500 protesting Walmart workers, clergy and supporters, demonstrated outside LA's Chinatown Walmart.
Those who refused police orders to clear the street after their permit expired were arrested without incident. Those who fail to post $5,000 bail would be jailed overnight, Detective Gus Villanueva, a Los Angeles Police Department spokesman, told The Huffington Post. Their primary demand to Walmart: pay every full-time worker at least $25,000 a year.
One of the protesting Walmart workers, Anthony Goytia, a 31-year-old father of two, said he believes he will make about $12,000 this year. It's a daily struggle, he said, "to make sure my family doesn't go hungry."
"The power went out at my house yesterday because I couldn't afford the bill," Goytia told HuffPost. "I had to run around and get two payday loans to pay for my rent from the first" of the month. "Yesterday we went to a food bank." To make ends meet, Goytia said he sometimes participates in clinical trials and sells his blood plasma. He has been asking his managers for full-time employment for a year and a half. Instead, he said, they hire temporary workers, who can be fired at any time.
Goytia was one of several dozen Walmart workers in Southern California who went on strike Wednesday and Thursday, calling for an end to low wages, unpredictable part-time hours and retaliation for speaking out. They were joined by other employees on their days off and dozens more who rode buses from Northern California. The strike, protest and arrests are the latest in a series of worker actions across the country coordinated by OUR Walmart, an advocacy organization with ties to the United Food and Commercial Workers Union. The actions in Los Angeles this week are the first in what organizers said would be a series of protests leading into the holiday shopping season (huffingtonpost.com, 2013).
Immigration Reform Chanting "Illinois is not Arizona," local activists escalated their push for immigration reform Tuesday by trying to block the deportation of illegal immigrants from a federal detention center in suburban Broadview, the first of what they vowed would be a campaign of civil disobedience. After briefly blocking a departing van, two dozen protesters were arrested on disorderly conduct charges as part of a movement energized by Arizona's passage last week of the nation's toughest law against illegal immigrants. The law allows police to single out suspected immigrants and demand proof of legal residence.

The new law — which critics say will lead to racial profiling but proponents defend as a matter of security — has sparked a revival of the immigration debate. In Washington, President Barack Obama called the measure "misguided" and Senate leaders have moved the issue back to the top of their agenda. Frustrated that Obama has not acted on a promise to push for reform, activists in Chicago and elsewhere say they are planning acts of disobedience akin to sit-ins at previously scheduled marches around the country on Saturday, including a march past the White House.
In Chicago, thousands of demonstrators are expected to participate in a pro-reform march through the Loop.
"We have to escalate to another level because they have forced us," said Fabian Morales, one of those arrested and a principal organizer of Saturday's march. "We've tried to do this peacefully and have not been given a peaceful solution. We have to look for another level."
Tuesday's arrests in Broadview were planned by activists hoping to rekindle a movement that in 2007 inspired several hundred thousand people to march in the streets, sparking comparisons to the civil rights movement of the 1960s (chicagotribune.com, 2010).

Criminal Acts committed by Professionals- Joseph Mengele “Angel Of Death”

Dr. Josef Mengele was an SS Physician at the Nazi concentration camp in Auschwitz during the Second World War. As Jewish prisoners were lead off the trains into the camp, Dr. Mengele would stand in his white coat with his arms outstretched, earning him the nickname "Angel of Death." The doctor's job was to examine each person to see if he or she was healthy enough to enter the forced labor camp or not. Those deemed unfit to work were immediately lead to the gas chambers.
The doctor was also known for his harsh "solutions" to minor problems. For example, he once ordered all seven hundred and fifty women in a dormitory to be gassed because of an outbreak of head lice. However, it was not the doctor's role in these crimes against humanity that earned him his notoriety. Rather, it was his fondness for performing forced medical experiments on the prisoners, especially on twins and children.
Mengele operated on people without using anesthesia, often removing their organs, amputating limbs, injecting dyes into eyeballs in an attempt to change the eye color, and sewing twins together to form monstrous conjoined siblings. Most of Mengele's patients died on the operating table, or quickly afterward, due to infection. After the war, Mengele fled to South America, where he lived until his death in 1979. Though he was a wanted Nazi war criminal, he was never captured and brought to justice (oddee.com, 2013).

Michael Swango

Though American doctor Michael Swango appeared to be handsome and congenial in nature, signs of his inner mental instability were noticeable to colleagues even while he was attending medical school. Swango's classmates observed that he often worked on a scrapbook containing images of horrific, bloody disasters, and they worried that some of the basic anatomical knowledge expected from a physician was sorely lacking. However, no one knew how scary Swango really was until they discovered years later that he had killed between thirty and sixty of his patients.
As an intern in 1983, Swango's patients started quietly dying after he had been in the room with him. Though nurses alerted hospital officials at Ohio State University, their cursory investigations revealed nothing, and Swango continued to practice medicine without reproach. He moved to Illinois, taking a job as an ambulance driver because he admitted that he liked seeing the blood and gore of accidents. It was there that his coworkers again became suspicious of him. Swango began slowly poisoning his coworkers with ant poison, sending them home sick with terrible stomach pains. After a particularly bad episode involving a tainted batch of donuts, his coworkers set a trap for Swango by leaving him alone in a room with a pitcher of iced tea. They later had the tea tested in a lab and found that Swango had indeed put ant poison in the tea.
A police search of Swango's home found chemicals, weapons, and handwritten recipes for poison. He was arrested and served two years of his five year sentence. Incredibly, after being released for good behavior, he was able to move to a different state and lie his way into another job in the medical field. Swango's past caught up with him wherever he went, until he finally forged his credentials again to continue his murderous practice in a remote hospital in Africa. After poisoning more patients in Africa, Swango skipped out of the ensuing scandal and hid in Europe for several years. When he finally tried to re-enter the United States in 1997, officials were waiting for him at the airport. He was arrested and sentenced to life in prison without parole (oddee.com, 2013).

H.H. Holmes

H.H. Holmes was an American physician who is known to have murdered between twenty and one hundred people, though his victims may have actually numbered as high as two hundred people. During his schooling at the University of Michigan Medical School, Holmes began to steal bodies from the lab and take out bogus insurance policies on them. He would then disfigure the corpses and claim they had been in an accident so that he could cash out the policies.
Holmes moved to Chicago and began to associate with nefarious characters. He also became a polygamist, keeping three wives at the same time, none of whom knew about the others. After swindling a widow out of her husband's pharmacy business, Holmes built a huge hotel that took up three store fronts and resembled a castle. He forced his employees to take out life insurance policies in which he was the beneficiary, and then he started murdering them to collect the money.
Holmes favored female victims, and his employees and hotel guests frequently disappeared. Since the Chicago World Fair was taking place, it was not altogether unusual for people to come and go in the Chicago area, so his crimes went unnoticed for quite some time.
In the hotel, Holmes had built rooms that were rigged with gas lines, along with airtight vaults and other horrific torture devices. He would torture and kill people in the basement, then dismember some of the bodies and sell their organs and skeletons to medical research labs.

After he was finally caught, Holmes was sentenced to death by hanging in 1897. Holmes' hanging was gruesome; his neck didn't break. Instead, he strangled to death over the course of fifteen to twenty minutes (oddee.com, 2013).

References

http://www.insidephilanthropy.com/glitzy-giving/oprah-winfrey.html http://www.dianaprincessofwalesmemorialfund.org/humanitarian-work

http://www.infoplease.com/biography/var/motherteresa.html

http://listverse.com/2014/01/30/10-controversial-cases-of-vigilantism/

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/aug/20/civil-disobedience-sanchez-gordillo

http://www.ibtimes.com/ferguson-october-protests-over-50-people-arrested-following-acts-civil-disobedience-1704366

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/08/walmart-arrests_n_4227411.html

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2010-04-27/news/ct-met-illinois-immigration-anger2-20100427_1_illegal-immigrants-immigration-reform-immigration-debate

http://www.oddee.com/item_98674.aspx