...can be summarized as a cities ability to adapt and transform. When looking at the index the top ranked cities was not what I expected. I decided to see just how resilient one of my favorite cities to go to is; Seattle, Washington. I picked Seattle because I love to visit there. Being from Arizona I love the change of scenery. Cool, rainy, and gray is a nice getaway from scorching and dry. I also have family there so it’s a city close to my heart. I have never thought about its resiliency so after I learn more the next time I go there I can see first hand what needs to be done or what it already doing. Seattle is the largest city in Washington and located between Lake Washington and an inlet of the Pacific Ocean called the Puget Sound. Seattle’s population is over 600,000 people. Seattle is hilly and has wet winters and dry summers. In regards to climate change Seattle can be vulnerable because it of its opposite seasons, but I don’t think it is. I believe Seattle is completely aware of this urgent topic because they have a climate action plan. This plan was adopted by the city in June of 2013. The office of sustainability and environment is the head of Seattle’s climate policy development that created the plan. It focuses on...
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...English 101 Linda Martin Research Paper Jordan Hartt November 29, 2010 Slash/Burn and Chips An argument for Biomass Co-Generation Biomass co-generation is the historically proved approach to energy production. For thousands of years, the Plains Indians (then early settlers) used buffalo chips to build fires to heat their tepees (and sod huts). This was probably the first use of biomass energy in America. Early settlers learned from the Indians to heat their sod huts. After the buffalo became extinct, cow chips were used. On the plains there weren’t many trees and coal had not been discovered there, so this was a matter of survival (Whyte n.d.). Once the chips were dried in the sun they were almost odorless, and placed outside the tepees and sod huts. Western pioneers would modify their stoves to burn cow chips as they were plentiful along the cattle drive trails where the cattle were brought to the railroad cars for sale, and transporting to other areas. They compacted hay and then twisted it into twig-like bundles called cats. When the settlers started farming on the plains, they used corn stalks, corn cobs, and sunflower stalks as a source of fuel. In the United States, the first facility identified as a biomass power plant went on line in 1982. Using corn residues, rice husks, soy beans and sorghum residues, willows, switch grass, and organic waste from land fills as fuel, we could provide enough energy for all the homes in New England (Whyte n.d.). I...
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...stated: “Climate change remains the most serious threat to the Great Barrier Reef. It is already affecting the reef and is likely to have far-reaching consequences in the decades to come.” Sediment, nutrient and pesticide pollution from catchment runoff is having a major impact on the health and resilience of the reef ecosystem. The amount of sediment flowing into the marine park has quadrupled over the past 150 years. Nutrient loads have also increased, encouraging algal blooms, which, in turn, provide food for larvae of the devastating crown-of-thorns starfish. Since 1985 coral cover has declined by half along the Great Barrier Reef. Pollution driven crown-of-thorns starfish are responsible for over 40% of this loss. The actions by farmers to implement more productive pollution cutting practices are commendable but they need much greater assistance, with billions not millions needed to get the scale of pollution cuts...
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... Structured Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give an example of how the flow of knowledge and the circulation of information can transform urban design and architecture, and rapidly change the nature of a city. It also shows how this transformation can produce an environmentally sustainable city through collective intelligence gained from interactions with geographically dispersed cultures. The city under consideration is the Persian Gulf city of Bushehr th th during the 18 and 19 centuries. During this time the city transformed from being a naval base into a trading and information hub, and this had a strong impact on its popular culture and architecture. Approach – The approach is to examine how the flow of knowledge affected urban design and architecture before the emergence of rampant globalisation. The changes in Bushehr are interpreted in the light of Deleuze and Guattari’s rhizomatic view of knowledge as being unstructured, cross-disciplinary and serendipitous. For example, it is suggested that the encroachment of modernist architecture has not completely destroyed the rhizomatic nature of Bushehr because the ‘asignifying rupture’ ensures that the city continues to grow and develop along new and existing lines. The position of Bushehr as a trading port and information hub led to its adopting architectural styles from east Africa, the hinterland of Iran...
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...While climate impacts will vary on a regional scale, it is the tourism business that needs to take a look at today and tomorrow’s economic factors. While some of the benefits from climate change may accrue to individual farms or businesses, the cost of dealing with adverse climate impacts are typically borne by society as a whole. These costs to society will not be uniformly distributed but felt most among small businesses and Grand Traverse Bay. Here they will most likely to be affected by climate change such as, water, energy, transportation and public health systems. The costs of inaction are frequently neglected and typically not done. These costs include such expenses as rebuilding or preparing infrastructure to meet new realities and the ripple effect of these economic impacts on the state’s households, the agricultural, manufacturing, and commercial and public service sectors as well as tourism in Grand Traverse Bay (Douglas, 2001). Climate change will affect the water, energy, transportation, and public health systems, as well as state economies as well as climate change impact and a wide range of important economic sectors from agriculture to manufacturing to tourism. It is all about location in any business. Especially in the tourism business, but what would happen if we did not for see the future. Looking at Traverse Bay it isn’t a positive future for tourism in the Michigan area in the next 10 to 20 years. Looking at Grand Traverse Bay, I will be...
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...Introduction: Location planning is very important for any kind of industry. Without proper location planning a industry can never be a fruitful industry. If a garment industry has available supply of all kind of resources but location planning is not properly done the industry will not last long. Like if we want to build garments factory in the top of Himalaya then the industry will not a fruitful industry. Himalaya is not a perfect place for garment or any other sort of industry. We simply cannot build a tannery industry in the local area. So we can say that location planning is very importance for any sort of industry. Objectives of location planning: Every work should have its objectives. Important work like location planning need not to say that must contain objectives. ➢ List some of the main reasons organizations need to make location decisions. ➢ Explain why location decisions are important. ➢ Discuss the options that are available for location decisions. ➢ Describe some of the major factors that affect location decisions. ➢ Outline the decision process for making these kinds of decisions. ➢ Use the techniques presented to solve typical problems. Need for location Planning: As location planning is very much important so that very industry take location planning decision. Need for location planning decision is: 1. Marketing Strategy ...
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...the country , Christianity became banned because of the potential influence • Undermining Tokugawa-Population growth put a strain on their resources , their agriculture was exhausted, inflation • Forty Seven Ronin- revolt of the samurai warriors against the government • Ming Empire Problems- Natural disasters , agricultural distress, climate change , diseases • New World Silver- caused inflation , cheapened the economy • Lee Zicheng – Chinese rebel leader that captured Beijing • Manchu Imperial Family- Family that came from Manchuria and came into power and later ruled the Qing dynasty • Dutch East India company- a charter private company that controlled trade for china • Kangzi- A child Chinese emperor , did major expansion in china’s borders, gained control of the government , centralized government • Qing Technology-Introduced new ways to draw maps, created European calendar, worked in astronomy and anatomy • Canton system- a way for china to control trade, they did not allow ships to come in , closed off every port , left only one city port (Canton) open • Macartney- British ambassador that demanded china to open up their ports , he failed though • Environmental Stress- caused by population growth and • Muscovy- Area that surrounds the great city of Moscow • Tsar(Russian equivalent to emperor ,dictator)Ivan Iv -Ivan the fourth was also known as Ivan the terrible- first emperor of the Muscovy region • Siberia- Northern area of Russia , had very valuable...
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...one location to another. There are many modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles and operations. Besides, transport is important because it enables trade between persons, which is essential for the development of civilizations. Article. ABOUT THE ARTICLE. From the article, California create a regulation to decrease the air pollution cause from heavy trucks. The regulation start when a group of scientists measured a thousands of heavy-duty trucks over months at a time at two San Francisco Bay Area locations. The studies conclude that heavy-duty truck are major sources of nitrogen oxides which contributes to global warming and regional changes in climate, such as precipitation and snow melting. At the same time, air pollution is linked to 100,000 premature deaths per year in the United States, according to published studies. While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set emissions standards for new engines, most trucks and buses run for several decades, so the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has sought to accelerate emissions reductions with aggressive new regulations in recent years. As a result growing numbers of heavy-duty diesel trucks in California are using two control technologies, a diesel particle filter, which removes most particulate matter, and selective catalytic reduction, which targets emissions of nitrogen oxides. Besides, this regulations are...
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...UNCTAD Review of MaRitiMe tRanspoRt 2014 For further information on UNCTAD’s work on trade logistics, please visit: http://unctad.org/ttl and for the Review of Maritime Transport 2014: http://unctad.org/rmt E-mail: rmt@unctad.org Layout and printed at United Nations, Geneva 1418912 (E)–November 2014–2,062 UNCTADRMT2014 United Nations publication Sales No. E.14.II.D.5 UNITED NATIONS ISBN 978-92-1-112878-9 Photo credit : © Jan Hoffmann To read more and to subscribe to the UNCTAD Transport Newsletter, please visit: http://unctad.org/transportnews U n i t e d n at i o n s C o n f e r e n C e o n t r a d e a n d d e v e l o p m e n t Review of MaRitiMe tRanspoRt 2014 U n i t e d n at i o n s C o n f e r e n C e o n t r a d e a n d d e v e l o p m e n t Review of MaRitiMe tRanspoRt 2014 New York and Geneva, 2014 REVIEW OF MARITIME TRANSPORT 2014 ii NOTE The Review of Maritime Transport is a recurrent publication prepared by the UNCTAD secretariat since 1968 with the aim of fostering the transparency of maritime markets and analysing relevant developments. Any factual or editorial corrections that may prove necessary, based on comments made by Governments, will be reflected in a corrigendum to be issued subsequently. * ** Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Use of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. * ** The designations...
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...Political Risk Political risk is a type of risk faced by investors, corporations, and governments. It is a risk that can be understood and managed with reasoned foresight and investment. Broadly, political risk refers to the complications businesses and governments may face as a result of what are commonly referred to as political decisions—or “any political change that alters the expected outcome and value of a given economic action by changing the probability of achieving business objectives.”.[1] Political risk faced by firms can be defined as “the risk of a strategic, financial, or personnel loss for a firm because of such nonmarket factors as macroeconomic and social policies (fiscal, monetary, trade, investment, industrial, income, labour, and developmental), or events related to political instability (terrorism, riots, coups, civil war, and insurrection).”[2] Portfolio investors may face similar financial losses. Moreover, governments may face complications in their ability to execute diplomatic, military or other initiatives as a result of political risk. A low level of political risk in a given country does not necessarily correspond to a high degree of political freedom. Indeed, some of the more stable states are also the most authoritarian. Long-term assessments of political risk must account for the danger that a politically oppressive environment is only stable as long as top-down control is maintained and citizens prevented from a free exchange of ideas and goods...
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...Although climate change will very likely be the greatest challenge our succeeding generation has to face, it remains today an extremely contentious issue, polarising opinion in countries and scientific communities worldwide. It is also a cause that has been hijacked by interest groups, journalists and politicians alike, with many claiming that its effects have been blown out of proportion. One thing, however, is certain; the divisiveness of the issue stems largely from our yet limited understanding of climate change and global warming. Thus, for the purpose of answering this question, I will use the framework of understanding of knowns, unknowns, and known- unknowns as utilised by global militaries in decision analysis, to examine the effects of climate change and how we can better prepare for it. What are the knowns about climate change in relation to our country? As any casual observer can discern, Singapore is bordered on all directions by water, with a 200 kilometer coastline. Quite appropriately, many have cited the rising sea level - caused by global warming- as the foremost danger that climate change poses to our nation. The median sea level has been estimated to have risen at the rate of about three millimetres every year from per year for the decade 1993- 2003 ; this, when taken in consideration together with the near- flat topography of Singapore, would surely be a cause for concern. The effects of rising sea- levels on our small island- nation are not difficult...
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...Bangladesh (Equitybd) is an advocacy and campaign component of COAST Trust. We have strong advocacy and campaigning program on coastal livelihood development, climate change and environment. We are trying to provide technical and financial support to the coastal poor people to improve their livelihoods. COAST implements its entire advocacy program with Community Led Approach (CLP). Under its Social Justice section COAST works to develop People’s Organization or Community Based Organizations (CBO) with the participation or leadership of the poor themselves. The main aim of the social justice section is to ensure social justice, in other words empowerment for the coastal people. As one of the core division of COAST, Social Justice (SJ) division is aiming to build counter leadership from the poor at local level who has the capacity for demand mediation, ability to organize local issue-based movement, empowers to challenge any irregularity. SJ also act as catalyst for having public service and rights in between public agencies and people; strengthening local government institution; action and awareness on human rights issues; support to protect violence against women (VAW) and acid throwing; political reform; and enhance capacity of democratic institutions at local level. 2. Coastal Area of Bangladesh, Climate Change Issue And Fishermen Communities: Bangladesh is sloping gently from the north to the south, meeting the Bay of Bengal at the southern end. The...
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...will be achieved. shows that almost 32 thousand people were killed in road traffic accidents in the EU-19 countries in 2009, a reduction of over one third (38%) since 2000. Almost 1.600 were killed in 2009 in the other five countries. Only in Romania was the number of fatalities higher in 2009 than in 2000. In recent years, many European countries have experienced abnormally high precipitation intensity and duration, especially in winter months, which has led to floods in the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, Ukraine and the United Kingdom. Between 1971 and 1996, 163 major floods occurred in Europe. The main factors that induce or intensify floods and their impacts include climate change, land sealing, changes in the catchment and floodplain land use, population growth, urbanization and increasing settlement, roads and railways and sometimes. Forest fires and droughts are a problem in the southern countries...
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...(Paper) ISSN 2225-0565 (Online) Vol 2, No.9, 2012 www.iiste.org Impact of Health and Safety Management on Employee Safety at the Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority Ruby Melody Agbola ⃰ Department of Management, Central University College. P.O. Box 2305, Tema, Ghana * E-mail of the corresponding author: rubyagbola@yahoo.co.uk Abstract The Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority (GPHA) has been plagued with series of fatal accidents and catastrophes claiming the lives of many employees in recent years. The purpose of this study is to examine the Safety and Health Management Systems (SHMS) implemented by the GPHA, assess the effectiveness of these measures in reducing accidents and death; and evaluate the impact of accidents and work-related illnesses on the employee safety at work. The results reveal an organisation fraught with poor health and safety management practices, poor training in safety know-how, lack of information on dangerous chemicals and hazardous materials, lack of monitoring and enforcement of safety rules, unavailability of essential safety equipments, with adverse effects on employees and the organisational performance. GPHA must increase education and create awareness of the importance of health and safety, ensure collection and storage of data for effective monitoring and evaluation of safety performance. Keywords: Ghana, Ports, Harbour, Safety, Health 1. Introduction The health and safety (H&S) of employees is a very significant issue to consider with relation to...
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...extreme conditions. Fynbos has the ability to withstand. Although it contains by far the greatest number of species and has the highest levels of endemism. Fynbos biome includes three major vegetation formations largely confined to the nutrient-poor soils, it has the highest number of rare and endangered taxa. . The intervals between fires must allow the slowest growing plant to flower at least three successive seasons. The fynbos is located in the winter rainfall region. Fynbos growth take place during winter and spring. South Africa’s biomes covers only about 6.7% of South Africa but it has the larger number of plant species. Most fynbos are found along the coast and in the Cape Fold Mountains between Nieuwoutdville in the North West and Port Elizabeth in the east. Most regions has cool and wet winter and hot dry summers. Fynbos vegetation is flammable and requires occasional fires in order to rejuvenate. It includes both fynbos and Renosterveld vegetation. Fynbos tends to grow on poor soil and is extremely rich in plant species. FYNBOS PLANTS Fynbos plants include proteas, ericas and restios as well as many other groups of plants like geophytes, geophytes are plants with an underground food storage organ. Many of the plants are shrubs with small, hard leaves. There are very few trees or grasses in fynbos. By divergence (plantzafrica) fynbos is much richer in plant species, but has such poor soils that it cannot support even low densities of big game. Fynbos has a low animal biomass...
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