...Most of the scientists agree that this climate change is threatening our earth; human beings can be extinct probably in the near future. The cause and effects of this phenomenon has been studied which is greenhouse effect. The whole world is getting involved in this issue and looking for solutions. Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that increases temperature of the earth’s surface (Australian government). However, according to the investigations, human activities enhanced the greenhouse activities, making it worse. So our climate change is due to the increasing human activities, global industrialization which ejects huge amount of carbon emissions. Human activities enhance greenhouse effect that causes widespread heave rainfalls in the northern Hemisphere during the last 50 years (Minetal, as cited in Allan, 2011).The rising temperature is disrupting every aspect in our life and the whole ecosystem. This climate change affects atmospheric and ocean circulations and brings many hazards to the earth, such as widespread drought, flood and tsunami. As we considered climate change, we need consider the common good for all the humans on the earth. The common good refers to the total living conditions which can enable individuals to get the achievement which enables people to achieve humanity (google), whereas climate change is a serious issue that is eliminating human living resouces in many aspects. As we mentioned above, climate change can cause many negative effects, such...
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...CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PROJECT Climate change is the change in stable weather conditions of a given place which have been noted in such a place for a period extending over thirty years. It is notable and lasting change in the distribution of weather patterns in over thirty years. Climate affects agricultural production directly. The International Fund for Agricultural Development accepts climate change to be among the factors influencing rural poverty. Climate change affects the globe as a whole but its effects is felt much more by poor people in third world countries because they rely much on natural resources as a source of their livelihoods. Poor rural communities rely much on livestock keeping and agriculture which are climate-sensitive sectors of the economy. We have to adapt and employ mitigation strategies to respond to climate change. Adapting involves reducing the vulnerabilities of ecosystem to climate change whereas mitigation involves reducing the long term impact of climate change. Mitigating also involves reducing the emission of green house gases while adapting will also involves supporting local communities to deal with the impacts of climate. Agriculture of a given place depends on the climate of such a place; with climate change agriculture is affected negatively. Climate change accelerates the challenges facing the agricultural production and specifically in Sub-Saharan Africa. Innovations are the way to mitigating the effects of climate change on agricultural...
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...Every place, country, city, region has its own climate. Climate plays one of the important roles in people’s life. Climate is defined as the average weather, which means variety of weather conditions as rain, snow, hail, sun, and wind over period of time about 30 years that can be measured in any particular place.( IPCC Third Assessment Report - Climate Change 2001; editor:A.P.Baede) Climate change is a variation of average weather. There are 2 causes of climate change. The first is human activity which includes deforestation, burning fossil fuels, agriculture, transportation and infrastructure. The second is natural causes which include volcanic eruptions and variations in solar outputs. These causes have negative effect on the natural environment which leads to increasing of temperature, increasing in sea level, changing of precipitations, extremely weather, killing species of animals, birds, fish and plants. This essay will show that the causes of climate change have different effects on the environment. Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations, volcanic eruptions and solar outputs, have negative impacts on animals, plants, and environment. Climate is always changeable. One winter can be early, another late; one summer wet, another dry (Carter 2000,34). For the last century climate has dramatically changed. Consequences of climate change may manifest itself as rapid and through the long period of time. Climate change could lead to number of catastrophic disasters as droughts...
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...CLIMATE CHANGE IN DECEMBER 2009, as the Copenhagen climate conference fell apart, the chairman of Greenpeace UK, John Sauven, said “the city of Copenhagen is a crime scene tonight, with the guilty men and women fleeing to the airport.” His remark captured some of the salient characteristics of climate policy: the importance of treaties and regulation; the central role of politicians, advocacy groups and non-governmental organisations such as Greenpeace; the pervasive moral certainty; and, though this was only in the background, the commitment to renewable energy, especially wind and solar power, as the primary means of cutting carbon emissions. For many people, the great problem of climate change has been a failure of regulation and political will. If only, they say, the obligations of the Kyoto accord had been more comprehensive, the regulations stricter, or if more money had gone into renewables. Then the world might have reined in the temperature rise and the public would not have become so sceptical about climate change. Not so, says Dieter Helm of Oxford University. It is not the failure of the regulations that is the problem but their basic design. They have caused people to focus on the most expensive ways of mitigating climate change, rather than the cheapest, imposing high costs for little gain. Moreover, by concentrating on their own carbon production, and how to reduce it, Europeans have ignored the impact of their continued demand for goods made using carbon- intensive...
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...Climate Change SCI/362 February 1, 2012 Chara Webster Climate Change Both here in the states and abroad, communities are already feeling the effects of climate change. Evidence of this change may be seen in increased water pollution, more severe droughts, and larger and more frequent flooding. Because we have so poorly managed land and water in the past, mankind is inadequately prepared to handle the tasks that the ongoing climate change is presenting. Not only are there a number of opinions on this very hot topic, but there are also government-imposed regulations on the matter. Some will argue that global warming is good for us, while others fear that the injection of greenhouse gases will trigger a new ice age. Still, there are others who maintain that self-regulating planetary mechanisms exist which may uphold climate stability even in the face of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. While I’ll take a closer look at each of these theories, I’ll also consider the stance of the EPA and the UN, and some of the measures that the government is taking in an effort to monitor the impacts that climate change has on human health. About 25,000 years ago, during the last ice age, half of North America was completely covered by ice. A significantly cooler environment would be devastating for humans, as well as plants and animals. “For this reason, Soviet climatologist Mikhail Budyko and others like him argue that we should welcome global warming, and even encourage...
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...1. Introduction Over the last century, climate change has become one of the greatest threats facing the world. There is overwhelming scientific consensus that the increasing global temperature and the variable weather condition are closely related to the increase of greenhouse gases. In order to tackle the issue of climate change effectively, the Kyoto Protocol has been established. However, the rate of climate change is beyond prediction and the adverse impacts of climate change are increasingly serious. Besides, the debate about the main cause of climate change is significant. As the main driver of climate change is difficult to identify, countries face the challenge to formulate practical strategies to reduce greenhouse gases. This report will define climate change and explore what is the main driver of climate change as well as focus on climate change response strategies in Kenya. 2. Definition of Climate Change Climate change is characterized as observed increase in global average temperature of the earth. Climate is totally different from weather. Weather is the state of atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, cloudiness, wind and rain (CCIR-NYC 2005, p. 1). However, climate is a region’s weather patterns in a relatively long period (CCIR-NYC 2005, p. 1). The CCIR-NYC (2005, p. 1) claims that the variations of the state of climate on space and time are the dominant features of climate change. It is reported that global average temperature has...
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...Peoples Attitudes towards Climate Change A group paper is presented to the faculty of Mindanao University of Science and Technology – Jasaan Campus presented by Steven Castino, Geneth Caturan, Marjohn Deleon, John Henry Mercado, Julan Aricayos, Kimbert Pacana, Joseph Sumayang, June Rey Tarpin, Richard Nacua, Joel Cabelto, and Rey Carlou Cailing. I. Introduction Climate Change or Global warming is the increase of the average temperature of earth’s atmosphere, oceans, and landmasses. Scientists believe earth is currently facing a period of rapid warming brought on by rising levels of heat-trapping gases, known as greenhouse gases, in the atmosphere (Harvey, 2012). Ironically, “It is not climate change that is our problem, but the attitude of people that should be addressing the problem” (Fernandez, 2012). Most previous studies evaluating the cause of awareness to the people towards the climate change is the effects of people’s attitude towards climate change (Gallup, 2008; Barret & Dannenberg, 2012). Most of the studies confirm the explicit and implicit attitudes towards climate change suggest targeting hidden thoughts a better way to change people’s behavior (Corner, 2010; Kormos & McIntyre, 2011). There are also findings that proved the countries to firm one another to build human activities towards climate change. This paper is intended to transport cognizance on the necessary ideas on what are the people’s perception towards climate change that have been affected...
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... I pretend for a living. But you do not." – Leonardo Dicaprio at the U.N Climate Summit The climate crisis is one of the greatest challenges we have ever faced. Its consequences are already visible all around the world. We now face stronger storms, bigger floods and droughts, the temperatures is worsening with hotter summers and colder winters, the spreading of tropical diseases, melting of ice and the rising seas. And this is not where it stops; these events are all projected to get worse in coming years unless we stop using the atmosphere as an open sewer for the 98 million tons of global-warming pollution that we pour into it every single day. Pakistan is no stranger to the consequences of Climate Change. In the past few decades, Pakistan has been severely affected by Climate Change and the impacts on human lives have become more significant since the 1990’s. Floods are the new normal in Pakistan, occurring every year with no action from the government. Several hundred people have died in floods every year. The flash floods of September 2014 has killed nearly 280 people and injured more than 500 in Pakistan affecting more than 2 million people. The flood surge was so big that authorities had to blow up dikes to divert swollen rivers and save cities from raging. But this thereby flooded nearby farming areas, displacing tens of thousands of people. With all the loss and destruction by climate change, still no action is being taken by the government of Pakistan. But there...
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...The way that humanity reacts to climate change may do more damage to many areas of the planet than climate change itself, says a new study published in Conservation Letters by Conservation International's Will Turner and a group of other leading scientists. The paper "Climate change: helping nature survive the human response," looks at efforts to both reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and potential action that could be taken by people to adapt to a changed climate and assesses the potential impact that these could have on global ecosystems. In particular it notes that one fifth of the world's remaining tropical forests lie within 50 kilometers of human populations that could be inundated if sea levels rise by 1 meter. These forests would make attractive sources of fuel-wood, building materials, food and other key resources and would be likely to attract a population forced to migrate by rising sea levels. About half of all Alliance for Zero Extinction sites -- which contain the last surviving members of certain species -- are also in these zones. "There are numerous studies looking at the impacts of climate change on biodiversity, but very little time has been taken to consider what our responses to climate change might do to the planet, " Turner said. The paper notes that efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by constructing dams for hydropower generation can cause substantial damage to key freshwater ecosystems as well as to the flora and fauna in the...
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...TOPIC: CLIMATE CHANGE The topic of climate change is like a puzzle with many different pieces—oceans, the atmosphere, ecosystems, polar ice, natural and human influences. Scientists have been working on this puzzle for more than a century, and while there are still gaps in our knowledge, most experts feel we have the puzzle is complete enough to show that human activities are having an adverse effect on our planet. This talks looks at many of those puzzle pieces, the evidence behind them, and the conclusions we can draw from them. OUTLINE • What changes climate? • Is it real? • How do we know? • Why should we care? • How sure are scientists? • What next—what can we do? What changes climate? Changes in: – Sun’s output – Earth’s orbit – Drifting continents – Volcanic eruptions – Greenhouse gases Scientists have a good understanding of what has changed earth’s climate in the past: • Incoming solar radiation is the main climate driver. Its energy output increased about 0.1% from 1750 to 1950, increasing temperatures by 0.2°F (0.1°C) in the first part of the 20th century. But since 1979, when we began taking measurements from space, the data show no long-term change in total solar energy, even though Earth has been warming. • Repetitive cycles in Earth’s orbit that occur over tens of thousands of years can influence the angle and timing...
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...huge environmental changes all over the world as a result of human activities such as using nature resources that will convert into poison gases and damage the nature resulting with huge climate changes, air and water pollutions with rising number of deaths. II. Background A. Causes: 1. Low security systems 2. Growing human greed 3. Ineffective and messy government control B. Effects: 1. Increasing number of deaths and different diseases 2. Global warming 3. Different pollutions III. Solution 1 Topic sentence: One of the possible solutions of the problem is to use alternative raw materials for enterprises and vehicles Advantages: 1. Dramatic positive improvement in air pollution of big cities 2. Public health improvement Disadvantages: 1. Long time process 2. Difficult to control authenticity of the transition to less harmful fuels 3. Deficit of good specialists IV. Solution 2 Topic sentence: The second possible solution is to tighten control of security systems at the factories and include punishments for contamination in all countries Advantages: 1. reducing chance of error caused by people 2. Total execution of new rules 3. Global effect on the whole planet Disadvantages: 1. difficult to enforce these laws 2. circumvention of the law 3. the emergence of panic V. Conclusion The 20th century was the century of great changes in the world. A number...
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...Joellen Hiltbrand English 221-0850 September 11, 2015 Essay one: Climate Change Climate change is a sensitive topic here in the United States. People are very stubborn when it comes to their own ideas and beliefs on a topic. Some people believe climate change doesn’t exist, some believe it isn’t that bad, and others blame clime change on the government. Even though people have their own ideas on climate issues, change is happening and we need to do something about it to help ourselves, and our future generations. Climate change has risen from the greenhouse effect, and it is a worldwide problem. There are many ways to help with the climate change, and there are things everyone can do to help. There needs to be major changes implemented in terms of dealing with the climate change. We need a proactive leader to get the public educated on climate change, we need adaptive and preventative measures set up for climate change, all major parties in our government to work together to come to a conclusion on climate change policies, and we need to reform the United Nations to help the world deal with the climate change. The first step in dealing with the climate change is having a proactive leader who will use strategic leadership skills to enlist change among the nation, and the world. We need a person who can help encourage the people to change. Mike Zajko states in the article, The Shifting Politics of Climate Science, “the public stands to benefit from a more accurate understanding...
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...Climate change Global warming , the definition is the increase in the earth’s ocean and near surface temperatures. In the last decades, there have been many debates about global warming. Greenhouse gases contribute to the climate changes, greenhouses gases is carbon dioxide, but there is an ongoing debate if natural sources, such as volcanoes, and forest fires contribute to the climate changes. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) created the Kyoto protocol, is an agreement among industrialized nations who have pledge to reduce their annual emission of greenhouse gasses. The kyoto protocol currently consist of over 160 nations over 55% of the worlds greenhouse gasses. The biggest contributor of the greengasses, made more than 20.6% of the world greenhouse gasses, that nation is the United States. Barack Obama , the president of U.S has created the Clean Energy Act. The CEA serve to reduce our dependence on fossil fuel. Other governments have imposed a tax on carbon emission to encourage using clean energy. Global warming is no longer fiction, scientific studies have proved that earth is undergoing a period of rapid change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) claims that the average global temperature has increase .74C. Our high dependence on fossil fuels as source of energy has raised the atmospheric content of greenhouses gasses levels which are higher than almost any point in history. The biggest danger with global warming is the...
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...One key problem with global warming is that a majority of society either does not believe that global warming exist or they do not know the horrific impact that global warming has on the planet. Helping these members of society to understand what global warming is and informing them of the negative effects global warming has on the planet is the first step towards making a positive difference in how humans operate in the world today. Climate changes brought on by global warming pose a serious problem for the world. These climate changes effect the physical structure of the earth and if explained correctly can rapidly change attitudes toward the seriousness of global warming. Let’s begin with the build-up of greenhouse gases. The increase of gases in the earth’s atmosphere has caused the earth’s climate to change rapidly. For instance, previous years like 2005 were recorded as the warmest in the history of tracking the yearly temperatures. Also since 1980 the National Weather Centers have recorded temperatures that rank in the top ten warmest ever. The warming trend has caused the Ice in Antarctica and Greenland to begin to melt. Global warming has also had the same effect on all of the worlds Glaciers that have also begin to melt. Another impact of Global warming is its impact on the Worlds Rivers. If global warming continues at this rate it could result in increased droughts, floods and an increase in waterborne diseases. The flooding can be attributed to the sudden...
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...Economics of Climate Change Sachin Sharma 11060221060 Research Supervisor: Mrs. Sukalpa Chakrabarti A Dissertation Submitted in the Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Economics (2011 - 2014) Symbiosis School of Economics CONSTITUENT OF SYMBIOSIS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY (Established Under Section 3 Of The UGC Act 1956, By Notification No F9-12/2001-U.3 Of Government Of India) EXAMINERS’ CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation titled ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE submitted by has been assessed and graded towards the partial fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Science (Economics) in the academic year 2011-14. ____________________________ (Signature) Name of Internal Examiner: _________________________________________ ____________________________ (Signature) Name of External Examiner: _________________________________________ Date: Time: Place: Symbiosis School of Economics CONSTITUENT OF SYMBIOSIS INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY (Established Under Section 3 Of The UGC Act 1956, By Notification No F9-12/2001-U.3 Of Government Of India) Submission Checklist | Tick the field on the left of the list | | INITIAL PRECONTENT MATTER | | Filled in all fields on the title page. | | Filled in the acknowledgments page. | | Filled in the executive summary page. Dissertation abstract is fewer than 350 words. | PAGE NUMBERS | | No page number...
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