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Coast4Life

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Submitted By viviane31
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MÉMO

Objet : Analyse des enjeux stratégiques et recommandations

À : Conseil d’administration de Coast4Life

De : Pat Brown, CMA

Date : 1er novembre 2010

INTRODUCTION
Ce rapport présente une analyse des options qui s’offrent à Coast4Life ainsi que des recommandations afin d’aider l’entreprise à faire face à ses enjeux stratégiques. Une approche stratégique et systématique sera utilisée pour examiner la situation.
ENJEUX STRATÉGIQUES (voir Annexe 1)
1. Continuer d’accroître son rendement tout en maintenant son offre de croisières sécuritaires, agréables et abordables.
2. Exploiter la présente croissance de l’industrie touristique ainsi que du secteur des croisières à Vancouver.
3. La domination du marché par les gros croisiéristes et organisateurs de croisières présente un fort risque de concurrence qui pourrait rapidement mettre en péril les activités de l’entreprise.
4. Éliminer l’absence d’un système de réservations par Internet.
DÉTERMINATION ET HIÉRARCHISATION DES OPTIONS STRATÉGIQUES
Option #1 Se départir de la cale sèche Fraser
Avantages :
- Élimination de la division la moins rentable.
- Économies réalisées dû aux coûts de main-d’œuvre et des impôts plus élevés que les concurrents.
- L’entreprise peut se concentrer sur ses activités principales : la vente de croisières.
Inconvénients :
- Affaiblir la réputation de Coast4Life en matière de sécurité.
- Les licenciements nuiraient à la relation entretenue par l’entreprise avec la population locale, la ville et les autres administrations publiques.
- Coast4Life est reconnue pour veiller elle-même à l’entretien de ses paquebots.
Analyse quantitative (détails à l’annexe 2):
Flux de trésorerie suite à la vente = (2,902,000)$
Taux de rendement du projet : 9%
Option #2 Cibler un segment de marché plus rentable
Avantages :
- Augmentation des revenus en proposant des tarifs et activités adaptés précisément pour le segment choisi.
- Éviter de concentrer ses efforts sur un segment de marché non rentable.
- Obtenir un avantage sur la concurrence en attirant une clientèle précise.
Inconvénients :
- Insuffisance des renseignements disponibles sur les passagers et sur l’équipage dans la base de données.
- Impossibilité de déterminer à quels clients se rapportent les différents produits d’exploitation.
- Impossibilité pour un cabinet-conseil en TI de fournir un rapport détaillé.
Analyse quantitative (détails à l’annexe 3) :
- Un passager dépense en moyenne 47$ de moins par jour que la moyenne sectorielle.
- Le groupe d’âge en importance est formé des passagers ayant moins de 40 ans.
- Les passagers ont un revenu familial moyen inférieur de 5,588$ que la moyenne de l’industrie.
- Il y a 20% de plus de nouveaux clients que la moyenne sectorielle.
Option #3 Implanter un système de réservations en ligne
Avantages :
- Tendance croissante des voyageurs à faire leur réservation en ligne.
- Diminution de 10% des commissions versées aux agents de voyages.
Inconvénients :
- Frais d’établissement et de logiciel (50,000$) ainsi que frais d’intégration du module comptable avec le module de réservations (25,000$). - Retour sur l’investissement non garanti.
Analyse quantitative (détails à l’annexe 4) :
Économies suite à l’implantation du logiciel : 139,600$
Taux de rendement du projet : 11,4%
Option #4 Immatriculer les paquebots de Coast4Life au Libéria
Avantages :
- Possibilité d’offrir des croisières tout au long de l’année dû aux températures plus clémentes qu’au climat canadien.
- Diminution des salaires de 30%.
Inconvénients :
- Dégradation de la qualité du service
- Problèmes de relations publiques
Analyse quantitative (détails à l’annexe 5) :
Économies réalisées sur la main-d’œuvre : 1,423,530$
Taux de rendement du projet : 12,5%
RECOMMANDATIONS
- Je recommande de ne pas se départir de la cale sèche, car cela viendrait à l’encontre de la mission de l’entreprise et que le taux de rendement du projet est inférieur à 16%.
- Je recommande de réorienter la cible de marché vers les moins de 40 ans, étant le groupe de passagers en importance. Ceux-ci ayant des revenus plus faibles, je recommande de revoir les forfaits et les prix afin de rendre les croisières plus abordables.
- Je recommande d’implanter le système de réservations par Internet, car cela attirerait de nouveaux clients, ceux-ci autrefois rebutés par le fait de devoir passer par une agence de voyages.
- Je recommande d’éliminer l’option d’immatriculation des paquebots au Libéria, car cela engendrerait une forte diminution de la qualité du service, allant à l’encontre de la mission de l’entreprise visant à offrir des croisières sécuritaires et agréables.
CONCLUSION
En ciblant une clientèle plus jeune, l’entreprise attirera de nombreux nouveaux clients. De plus, les consommateurs font de plus en plus leurs transactions sur Internet, d’où l’importance d’implanter un système de réservations en ligne. En combinant les options #2 et #3, Coast4Life s’assurera de maximiser ses profits à long terme et de faire face à la forte concurrence de l’industrie des croisières au Canada.
ANNEXE 1
Analyse de la santé financière de Coast4Life :
Ratios Détails 2012 2011 2010
Liquidité
Liquidité générale Actif à court terme / Passif à court terme 1.75 1.21 0.64
Liquidité immédiate Actifs à court terme - Stocks / Passif à court terme 1.61 1.09 0.52
Solvabilité
Endettement Passif / Actif 0.59 0.63 0.65
Couverture des intérêts Bénéfice avant intérêts et impôts / Intérêts 6.43 4.88 3.22
Rentabilité
Rendement de l'actif Bénéfice net / Actif 11% 9% 5%
Rendement des capitaux propres Bénéfice net / Capitaux propres 27% 24% 15%
Marge bénéficiaire nette Bénéfice net / Chiffre d’affaires 15% 13% 10%
Marge bénéficiaire brute Bénéfice brut / Chiffre d’affaires 60% 59% 59%
Activité
Rotation de l’actif Chiffre d’affaires / Actif moyen 0.75 0.67 0.51

Liquidité : Coast4Life détient assez de liquidités pour payer ses créances à court terme ainsi que d’éventuelles dépenses imprévues.
Solvabilité : L’entreprise a un taux d’endettement de 59%, ce qui est plutôt élevé. Rentabilité : Les quatre ratios calculés, en croissance constante, montre tous une excellente santé financière de l’entreprise Coast4Life.
Activité : Le ratio de rotation de l’actif démontre que chaque dollar investi dans l’entreprise rapporte 0,75$, ce qui est acceptable, surtout si l’on prend en considération que celui-ci est en croissance depuis les 3 dernières années.

ANNEXE 2
Flux de trésorerie suite à la vente de la cale sèche Fraser en 2013
(en milliers de dollars) : Vente de la cale sèche Statu Quo1
Revenus provenant de tiers 4,000
Perte de revenus suite à la vente (4,000)
Dépenses (5,674)
Économies réalisées sur dépenses 5,674
Entretien d’un paquebot par année (2,000)
Réparation de la coque du navire (3,000) (3,000)
Coûts de cessation d’emploi (6000$x71 employés) (426)
Gain en capital [(4.3M-2.6M) x50%] 2 850
Perte (2,902) (4,674)

Note 1 : Élimination des transactions inter-division.
Note 2 : Un gain en capital est imposable à 50%.
Impact sur le bénéfice : Vente de la cale sèche Statu Quo
Bénéfice avant impôts de 2012 13,638$ 13,638$
Diminution du bénéfice net (2,902) (4,674)
Bénéfice avant impôts de 2013 10,736 8,964
Impôts (38%) (4,080) (3,406)
Bénéfice net 6,656$ 5,558$
Moyenne de l’actif 3 74,481 74,481
Taux de rendement 4 9% 7%

Note 3 : Moyenne l’actif total (73269+75693) / 2 = 74481$
Note 4 : Taux de rendement (Bénéfice net / Moyenne de l’actif)
ANNEXE 3
Analyse du segment de marché le plus rentable : Secteur international Coast4Life
Total des produits d'exploitation par passager/jour 314$ 267$1
Coût d'acquisition par passager 114$ Note 3
% de passagers âgés de moins de 40 ans 29% 40%
% de passagers âgés de 40 à 60 ans 38% 30%
% de passagers âgés de plus de 60 ans 33% 30%
Revenu familial annuel moyen 78,000$ 72,412$
% de nouveaux clients 60% 80%

Note 1 : Total des produits d’exploitation (estimatifs) / Nombre de passagers / 7jours2 45813000$ / 24462 passagers / 7 jours = 267.55$ / jour
Note 2 : On prend pour hypothèse qu’une croisière dure en moyenne 7 jours. Coastal Native : 80614 journées passagers / 11516 passagers = 7 jours Natural Splendour : 90619 journées passagers / 12946 passagers = 6.99 jours
Note 3 : Dans l’analyse de l’environnement, il est mentionné que le coût d’acquisition par passager est supérieur à la moyenne sectorielle. Cela est probablement dû au fait que les clients doivent passer par l’intermédiaire d’une agence de voyages afin de réserver leur croisière.

ANNEXE 4
Flux de trésorerie résultant de l’implantation d’un système de réservation en ligne : Logiciel et frais d’établissement (50,000)
Intégration avec le module comptable (25,000)
Économies sur les commissions versées aux agents de voyages
(2146000$x10%) 214,600
Économies suite à l’implantation du logiciel 139,600$
Impact sur le bénéfice :
Bénéfice avant impôts de 2012 13,638,000
Économies réalisées suite à l’implantation 139,600
Bénéfice avant impôts de 2012 13,777,600
Impôts (38%) (5,235,488)
Bénéfice net 8,542,112$
Moyenne de l’actif 74,481,000
Taux de rendement (8,542,112 / 74,481,000) 11,4%

ANNEXE 5
Économies sur les salaires suite à l’immatriculation des paquebots au Libéria :
Coastal Native: (3,013,000$x70%x30%) 632,730
Natural Splendour: (3,295,000$x80%x30%) 790,800
Économies réalisées : 1,423,530$
Impact sur le bénéfice :
Bénéfice avant impôts de 2012 13,638,000$
Économies réalisées sur les salaires 1,423,530
Bénéfice avant impôts de 2013 15,061,530
Impôts (38%) 5,723,381
Bénéfice net 9,338,149$
Moyenne de l’actif 74,481,000
Taux de rendement (9,338,149 / 74,481,000) 12,5%

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