...Cold Plasma Selectivity and the Possibility of a Paradigm Shift In Cancer Therapy Stephen Perez ITT Technical Institute September 29, 2014 The Topic I selected to write about was “Cold plasma selectivity and the possibility of a paradigm shift in cancer therapy.” Essentially, this topic was about how scientists are beginning to test and monitor cold plasma on existing cells of cancer on animals. The type of interactions they were researching were between cancer cells and the cold plasma on mice. They also explained how different ion species in different types of animals could have varying results causing them to be either “plasma killing,” or “plasma healing.” In the first test on a mouse, the cold plasma was test on a simple tumor. The results after 2-5 minutes on the tumor were amazing. The swelling on the tumor had gone down in that short amount of time. After a week, the swelling was gone and it appeared as the tumor had completely been terminated, leaving a bright red spot on the mouse’s skin. Although it got rid of the tumor, it left the normal cells damaged by the plasma. They had also tested it on another mouse with three tumors and they had only treated one of three tumors. After a 24-hour time span, the tumor that was treated was less swelled, and entirely different compared to the other two tumors. This mouse’s normal cells were also damaged by the cold plasmas after effects though. These results showed positive behavior between the mice and the plasma, giving...
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...Unit 2 Assignment 2 09/30/2014 Cold plasma therapy is the process of using room temperature ionized gas to treat cancer. Normally generated at high temperatures recent advancements have led to progress of atmospheric plasma. This advancement has been said to have the ability to completely remove cancer and tumors. Also a great advantage of cold plasma therapy is that it eradicates all cancer cells while not damaging normal cells. This treatment opens many doors and possibilities enabling better overall treatment. The method of cold atmospheric plasma has been researched to kill many pathogenic bacteria. This helps to treat wounds in patients who aren’t able to fight off bacteria themselves. This new medical treatment has been seen as a safe and efficient way to treat patients with chronic wounds. The treatment is both safe and painless while decreasing bacteria. The help of clearing all bad bacteria using cold plasma therapy helps the body successfully heal itself. The cold plasma therapy is used using two methods in-vitro and in-vivo. The method of in-vitro is the one that allows all bad cells to eradicated. The method of in-vivo is used to effectively reduce the size of tumors. This treatment has shown promising signs and potential to shift the way cancer is approached and thought to be treated. Using other methods of matter to treat cancer may be the way the future of medicine is going. APA (American Psychological Assoc.) References Keidar, M., Walk, R., Shashurin...
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...other cells (Gurpreet et al., 2004). This unregulated increased destruction primarily affects premature RBC reducing their lifespan of 120 days coupled with the bone marrow unable to compensate to this destruction rate (Gurpreet et al., 2004). Clinical findings that result from this inapt immune response are usually directly related to an abnormally reduced RBC quantity and function. These include a lower haemaglobin count, a high indirect bilirubin count, a reduction in plasma levels, a low haptoglobin, a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and reduced gas exchange rates among the lungs and tissues. As these clinical effects occur after a few hours or a few days before detection, not all clinically related typical features may be present complicating the AIHA diagnosis. Based on the characteristics and pathogenesis of these auto antibodies present, AIHA is classed as warm antibody haemolytic anaemia (WAIHA), cold antibody haemolytic anemia (CAIHA), drug indcuced haemolytic anemia or the rare paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria (Lechner & Jager, 2012). Analyzing AIHA classification and pathogenesis is important when attempting to apply transfusion treatment, other therapeutic applications or providing further clinical recommendations. Although the true aetiology of the disorder in uncertain, the cause may be either primary or secondary (Lechner & Valent et al., 2008). The primary AIHA is idiopathic accounting for half of AIHA cases (Gupta et al., 2011) whilst secondary...
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...remain dormant, no new viruses are produced (Mandal, 2003). Reappearance of HSV oral sores are known as cold sores, since cold sores appear when carrier has a fever, common cold or upper respiratory tract infection. It is possible to transmit HSV in the absence of symptoms, known as asymptomatic shedding. Individuals may not have symptoms of years. This creates a challenge in the control and prevention HSV infections. Women exposed to HSV during pregnancy, are at a high risk for transmitting infection to newborn during childbirth, since infected fluids...
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...|Medical Management or Treatment |Medical Setting |Surgical Management or Treatment |Surgical Setting |Prevention Activities |Prevention Setting | |1. Heart disease |Conventional & Alternative medicine: Vasodilator, Beta-blocker drugs, adrenergic, aspirin |Outpatient: Cardiologist office and home. |Angioplasty or even open heart surgery. |In patient: hospital. |Healthy eating, exercise, knowing family history, have annual cardiac screening done. |Outpatient: home, gym. | |2. Cancer |Radiation therapy, chemo therapy, Nutritional therapy. |Inpatient/outpatient: Hospital or Radiation outpatient clinics. |Tumor embolization, tumor removal, mastectomy, Surgical removal of infected organ or body part. |Inpatient: Hospital |Nutrition, don’t smoke, avoid prolonged times to sun, minimize red meat intake, know your family hx, have annual cancer screenings. |Outpatient: Home. | |3. Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases) |Ischemic: Clot-busting drugs immediately. Aspirin, warfarin, speech therapy, physical therapy. TIA stroke: very difficult to manage, attempt to control high blood pressure, reduce brain swelling. |Inpatient/outpatient: Hospital, rehabilitation center. |Carotid Endarterectomy, angioplasty, stent placement. |Inpatient: Hospital. |Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, exercise, and minimize foods with much fat, healthy eating overall. |Outpatient: Home, gym, support group organizations. | |4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases |Hot fluids: thin mucus in lungs. Have...
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...duration, precipitation & alleviating factors, in order to accurately evaluate, treat and prevent further ischaemia. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. 2. Semi-Fowler’s position & O2 therapy 2L via Hudson Mask in order to increase oxygenation of myocardial tissue & prevent further ischaemia. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. 3. Administer medications- Morphin (normally 2.5-5mg) & anginine 600mcg (given every five minutes; maximum 3 tablets in order to relieve/prevent pain & ischemia to decrease anxiety & cardiac workload. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. 4. 12-lead ECG & monitor in order to check hypotension & bradycardia, which may lead to hypoperfusion. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. Ineffective tissue perfusion 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. 1. Monitor vital signs (Hourly) and saturation oxygen to determine baseline and ongoing change. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. 2. Administer oxygen by Hudson’s mask (6-10L/min) and monitor the effectiveness to increase oxygenation of myocardial tissue and prevent further ischaemia. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. 3. Monitor respiratory status for sysptoms of heart failure to maintain appropriate levels of oxygenation & Observe for signs of pulmonary oedema. 오류! 책갈피가 정의되어 있지 않습니다. CORONARY ANGIOGRAM 5 Nursing responsibilities and rationale pre angiogram 5 CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT 6 Definition (3marks) 6 ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY 7 Nursing Responsibilities 7 APTT. (3marks) 7 WOUND MANAGEMENT 8 DISCUSS MOIST WOUND –HEALING ENVIRONMENT 8 DEFINE 5 DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXUDATES 9 NEUROVASCULAR...
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...role of the soon to be named factor VIII describing its action in hemostasis. They characterized and named it an “antihemophilic globulin substance”. Not long after, the protein was purified and the gene was open to study for many scientists. The root of this evil The mastermind behind Hemophilia A is the gene coagulant factor VIII. The factor VIII gene sits on the long arm of chromosome 10 at location 28, more specifically, from base pairs 154,064,062 to 154,255,350. Its protein sequence is 2351 amino acids long transcribed from a 191,288 mRNA. This gene produces two alternatively spliced transcripts. Transcript variant 1 consists of 26 exons that encodes a large glycoprotein called isoform a, which circulates in the plasma and undergoes multiple...
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...Blood Pressure Chapter 9 - The Pulmonary Artery Catheter Chapter 10 - Central Venous Pressure and Wedge Pressure Chapter 11 - Tissue Oxygenation Section V - Disorders of Circulatory Flow Disorders of Circulatory Flow Chapter 12 - Hemorrhage and Hypovolemia Chapter 13 - Colloid and Crystalloid Resuscitation Chapter 14 - Acute Heart Failure Syndromes Chapter 15 - Cardiac Arrest Chapter 16 - Hemodynamic Drug Infusions Section VI - Critical Care Cardiology Critical Care Cardiology Chapter 17 - Early Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes Chapter 18 - Tachyarrhythmias Section VII - Acute Respiratory Failure Acute Respiratory Failure Chapter 19 - Hypoxemia and Hypercapnia Chapter 20 - Oximetry and Capnography Chapter 21 - Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Chapter 22 - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Chapter 23 - Severe Airflow Obstruction Section VIII - Mechanical Ventilation Mechanical Ventilation Chapter 24 - Principles of Mechanical Ventilation Chapter 25 - Modes of Assisted Ventilation Chapter 26 - The Ventilator-Dependent Patient Chapter 27 -...
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...There have been over fifty kinds of adipolins been identified, but adiponectin and leptin worth our further discussion. Hormonal function of Adipose Tissue in Causing of Obesity As the level of plasma adiponectin concentration fall with increasing obesity, with the effect more significant in men than in women, this is correlated to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance means glucose builds up in the blood instead of being transfer to glycogen to store in liver or being absorbed by the cells, will easily lead to type 2 diabetes. For leptin, which is the first adipocyte hormone identified, can influence food intake through a direct effect on the hypothalamus. Research proved that in human and rodents, plasma leptin concentrations are highly correlated with BMI.For most obese individuals, they have high leptin concentrations which facilitates the secretion of extra adipose tissue. The increasing leptin makes the target cells become resistant to actions. The increase concentration of leptin in the body is accompanied by an increase expression of SOSC-3...
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...What’s one of the most common drugs in history that is used for many different reasons? Aspirin. Approximately 35000 metric tons are produced and consumed every year. Acetylsalicylic acid also known as aspirin is often used to relieve minor aches and pains as an antipyretic to reduce fever, and as an anti-lamasery medication. Many people don’t know what aspirin is but only what it does for their particular needs. Aspirin is a white crystalline substance made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is used in the treatment of rheumatic fever, headaches, neuralgia, colds, and arthritis; reduce temperature and pain. The formula for aspirin is C9H8O4. Aspirin's scientific name is acetylsalicylic acid. The main ingredient in ASA is salicylic acid. Aspirin is derived from a chemical extracted from willow bark: Salicylate Acid. Salicylate Acid has a long history of uses. During Medieval times herbalists used it for its palliative properties. This ingredient grows in small roots, leaves, flowers and fruits on plants. The willow leaf was used as herbal medicine by the ancient Greeks during childbirth to ease labor pains. There is also documentation of the first proper scientific study of the herbal remedy in year 1763. Dried willow bark was used by Reverend Edward Stone of Chipping Norton near Oxford on 50 parishioners suffering from rheumatic fever. He then recorded the benefits it had. It wasn't until year 1823 that salicin was extracted from willow and formally named. A German chemist...
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...THER –antianginals, antihypertensive PHAR – beta blockers Blocks stimulation of beta1 (myocardial)-adrenergic receptors. Does not usually affect beta2 (pulmonary, vascular, uterine)-adrenergic receptor sites. THER Effects: decreased BP and heart rate. Decreased frequency of the attacks of angina pectoris. Decreased rate of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization in patients with heart failure. (Vallerand, Sanoski, & Deglin, 2013). Control Hypertension. Monitor BP, ECG, and pulse frequently dose adjustment and periodically during therapy. Monitor vital signs and ECG every 5-15 min during and for several hrs after parenteral administration. If heart rate <10/min, assess level of sedation. Physical stimulation may be sufficient to prevent significant hypoventilation. Dose may need to be decreased by 25-50%. Initial drowsiness will diminish with continue use (Vallerand, Sanoski, & Deglin, 2013). Acetaminophen (Tylenol 325 MG TAB) 650 MG THER – antipyretics, nonopioid analgesics Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin that may serve as mediators of pain and fever, primarily in the CNS. Has no significant anti-inflammatory properties or GI...
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...utilize ideas, materials, and methods from a range of developing technologies. Hemodialysis as a routine treatment for renal failure was introduced in the late 1970s. The recognition for the need for immunosuppression in the transplantation and the lack of availability of transplant in the 1960s enabled it to become the preferred treatment for many patients. Definition Dialysis is the movement of fluid and molecules across a semipermeable membrane from one compartment to another. Clinically dialysis is a technique in which substances move from the blood through a semipermeable membrane and in to a dialysis solution called dialysate. Historical Evolution in the Field Of Dialysis * It was the romans first used a form of dialysis therapy by using hot bath to patients to remove urea. The action of the hot water made the patient sweat profusely and this, together with the toxins diffusing through the skin in to the bath water, would temporarily relives symptoms * In 1854 the first time the term dialysis was used by Thomas Graham...
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...Unit 21: Biomedical science techniques Assignment one Task one Bacteria Virus Fungi Protozoa Structure Structure of bacteria includes a cell wall made up of glycoprotein murein, a plasma membrane made up of proteins, phospholipids and carbohydrates which make a fluid mosaic. It also consists of cytoplasm, ribosome which is small granule made up of protein and RNA, plasmid that are a small circle of DNA, flagella which has a rigid rotating tail, Pilli which has small protein appendages and a capsule that has a slim layer covering the outside of the cell. Viruses are smaller than bacteria. Some viruses have DNA while others contain RNA. They have a nucleic acid that is ringed around a coat called a capsid that’s made up of protein. The body of a fungus are made up of small filaments named hyphae. A fungus contains cytoplasm and nuclei. Characteristics Rod-shaped known as bacillus, round shape which...
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...CV+ Blood What happens in MI- A heart attack (myocardial infarction) is usually caused by a blood clot, which stops the blood flowing to a part of your heart muscle. You should call for an ambulance immediately if you develop severe chest pain. Treatment with a clot-busting medicine or an emergency procedure to restore the blood flow through the blocked blood vessel are usually done as soon as possible. This is to prevent or minimise any damage to your heart muscle. Other treatments help to ease the pain and to prevent complications. Reducing various risk factors can help to prevent a myocardial infarction. If you have a myocardial infarction (heart attack), a coronary artery or one of its smaller branches is suddenly blocked. The part of the heart muscle supplied by this artery loses its blood (and oxygen) supply if the vessel is blocked. This part of the heart muscle is at risk of dying unless the blockage is quickly removed. When a part of the heart muscle is damaged it is said to be infarcted. The term myocardial infarction (MI) means damaged heart muscle. If a main coronary arteries is blocked, a large part of the heart muscle is affected. If a smaller branch artery is blocked, a smaller amount of heart muscle is affected. After an MI, if part of the heart muscle has died, it is replaced by scar tissue over the next few weeks. What happens in dysrhythmias- A cardiac dysrhythmia is an abnormal heart beat: the rhythm may be irregular in its pacing or the heart rate may...
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...will discuss possible indicators, hypothesized causes, and both current and experimental treatments of Alzheimer’s. The disease mostly affects people over the age of 60 but can occur earlier. The problem with detecting Alzheimer’s early is that there are no clear indicators, and the changes in the brain progress before symptoms in the patient are visible. It’s hypothesized that the main cause of Alzheimer’s is neuronal plasticity and a build up of plaques. The plasticity leads to neuron tangles, causing blocks in synaptic signaling. Research on assays for detecting amyloid-beta ligands and disease treatments will need to involve human trails for future investigation. KEY WORDS: Alzheimer’s disease, neuronal plasticity, Tau-directed Therapy, amyloid-beta ligands, dementia INTRODUCTION Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a deteriorating disease of the brain that attacks neurons throughout the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus.1,2 The deterioration the cerebral cortex leads to the impairment of a person’s ability to control emotion, coordination, and the ability to comprehend configurations.6 The loss of memory caused by AD comes from the deterioration of the hippocampus.5 Alzheimer’s is most common in people 65 years or older, however for people with early onset Alzheimer’s disease, signs can begin to appear as early as 30.3 Today Alzheimer’s is estimated to affect 10% of the worlds population over the age of 60.3 All people have the gene APOE that has the commands to make the...
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