...Many people fear getting checked for colon cancer. They hear stories of how painful it might be and how uncomfortable it is. According to Clinaero, Inc. (2006-2010), “Colon cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States” (para. 1). Colon cancer usually starts in the large intestines from something called polyps. This then can expand into nearby tissues and organs. It can also break away and move into the liver and lungs, which in turn can cause new tumors. Symptoms of colon cancer vary drastically. There are also many options for treatments if someone does have colon cancer. Having colon cancer can be deadly and people need to be aware of signs and treatments. Symptoms of colon cancer vary and can be nonspecific. Some symptoms can include bleeding and or blood in your rectum and stool, cramping, weakness, and weight loss. Another symptom could be a change in your bowel movements. Sometimes you will either get diarrhea or you will become constipated. Many people who experience these types of symptoms don’t even realize that there is anything wrong. This is why it is good to talk to your doctor if you experience any of these. The quicker you catch the cancer, the better off you might be of getting rid of it. Surgery is the most common treatment for colorectal cancer. Typical procedures that may be used in the treatment of colon cancer are: colonoscopy, open colectomy, laparoscopic surgery, and palliative surgery (Cancer Consultants, 1998-2010). Depending...
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...on her symptoms. They soon discovered that the tumor had formed on her colon and admitted her into the hospital for further examination. Doctors informed her that if she had waited a day later she would not have survived. After being under close watch, they pronounced the tumor cancerous. The doctor explained to her that she would have to undergo surgery to remove the tumor to insure that the cancer did not spread. My mother went through months of surgeries, one in which she had to get a colostomy, filled with complications. She began a six-month long treatment of chemotherapy soon after she was unconstrained from the hospital. My mothers’ cancer is in remission as of now and she is making every possible change to keep it that way. Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of death amongst males and females of varying ages in the U.S. and is the most preventable of cancers. Since colon cancer is becoming very common in deaths in the U.S., I will be providing an educative look on the history of colon cancer, the risk factors associated with the development, and preventative measures and conventional treatments. Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body and is a term for a large group of other diseases. Prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer, colon cancer, and others are the in this broad group. It is important to understand the history of colon cancer. Colon cancer is the second...
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...What is Colon Cancer? * Colon cancer is cancer that occurs in the cells of the colon. Colon cancer is quite common, being the third most common cancer in men and women in the U.S. About 110,000 people in the U.S. are diagnosed with colon cancer each year. * Some health experts consider colon and rectum cancers as one group, called colorectal cancer. Others treat these two cancers as completely separate: colon cancer and rectum (rectal) cancer. * In addition to the approximately 110,000 new cases of colon cancer each year, there are an additional 40,000 cases of rectal cancer, bringing the combined total of colon and rectal (colorectal) cancer to approximately 150,000 new cases per year. Types of Colon Cancer * About 95% of all colon cancers are adenocarcinomas. The other 5% of colon cancers are made up of less common cell types including neuroendocrine tumors, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), carcinoid tumors, lymphomas, melanomas, leiomyosarcomas, and signet ring cell tumors. * Some of these cell types may sound familiar to you, because they occur in other parts of the body, too. For example, melanoma most commonly occurs in the skin, but it can occur in the colon and other areas, as well. What are the symptoms of colon cancer? * Symptoms of colorectal cancer are numerous and nonspecific. They include: fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, change in bowel habits, narrowstools,diarrhea or constipation, red or dark blood...
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...Cancer is the number two leading cause of death in the United States. The disease can strike almost any  part of the body and is classified as an abnormal growth of cells. While it is true that 30 years ago a diagnosis of cancer was essentially a death sentence, modern science has advanced so rapidly that today, with screening and early detection, many forms of cancer are highly treatable and curable. Included among this list of highly curable cancers is colon cancer. Although the disease is deadly if not properly treated, An Author reports that colorectal cancer, if caught in the earliest stages has a 90 percent survival rate. But what exactly is colon cancer? To answer this question, a brief look at cancer and how it develops is first warranted. The human body is comprised of millions of cells necessary to carry on the basic functions of life. Instructions in cellular DNA periodically tell these cells reproduce themselves in order for the human body to regenerate. Cancer occurs when the mechanism that regulates cell proliferation fails and the human body begins manufacturing large numbers of cells that cannot be utilized by the body. This process occurs within a specific organ and this is what causes the appearance of tumors. In essence, tumors are simply large quantities of healthy cells that the body has produced in excess. This is typically what happens in the case of colon cancer. Inside the colon, normal healthy cells begin replicating at an abnormal rate and form...
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...Colon Cancer in Woman Janet Oleskewicz HCS 245 Introduction to Health and Disease September 17, 2012 Timothy Coleman Colon Cancer in Woman Colon cancer is not only a “man’s disease” which is a common misconception but also effects woman equally. According to NetWellness (2010), “colon cancer ranks as the third most common cause of cancer deaths in women after breast and lung cancer”. More than 25,000 woman will die this year from colon cancer, accounting for approximately 10% of all deaths from cancer (Witt, M.D, 2012). Studies and experts say, women tend to be more opposed verses men about following up on their checkups and cancer screenings. Women are generally more willing to get possible unreassuringly symptoms that could point to cancer, but not always. Younger woman are more inclined to disregard signs that could point to cancer. They seem to think that cancer is more an issue of concern for the elderly. Often this is right however young people get cancer too. “Colon cancer is a cancer within the large intestine, the bottom portion of one’s digestive system. Rectal cancer is cancer of the last several inches of the colon. Together, they are often referred to as colorectal cancers. Most cases of colon cancer begin as small benign clumps of cells called adenomatous polyps” (MayoClinic, 2011). These are mushroom shaped cancerous tumors developments in the colon, rectum and appendix (Mote, 2012). In the beginning...
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...Danielle Stringfellow English IV Mr. Ray February 27, 2013 Colon Cancer Disease Colorectal cancer, cancer of the colon and rectum, is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in America. Colon cancer occurs in the large intestine. If the cancer is in the last 6 inches of the colon, the rectum, it is considered rectal cancer. The colon is the lower part of the digestive system, which processes food for energy and rids the body of solid waste. Together, these cancers are referred to as colorectal cancers. Most colorectal cancers begin as polyps that grow on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. These growths spread very slowly, taking from ten to twenty years to become cancerous. Regular screening tests can identify and remove polyps before they become cancerous. Once colorectal cancer is diagnosed, the prognosis depends on how far the cancer has spread (Board). Colon cancer is a dangerous disease that many groups are working toward eliminating or bringing under control. There are quite a few things that contribute to this condition. As with most cancers, the risk increases with time and a family history of colon cancer. Men are more likely to get it than women, with African-American men having the highest risk in the United States. Smokers and physically inactive people have higher risk. Diets that are high in fiber, fruits and vegetables have a lower risk of this. However, diets high in red meat and fat have an increased risk (Flippo de Bravd). If one has inflammatory...
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...research became available from Thomas Jefferson University in regards to colon cancer and the hormone guanylin. According to the research, Thomas Jefferson University studied tissue samples form 281 colon cancer patients. The tissue consisted of cancerous tissue from the colon and tissue surrounding the organ that was not cancerous. It was during the studying of the tissue samples that researchers realized that the cancerous tissue showed a diminished or absence of the hormone guanylin (University, 2014). In more than 85% of the colon cancer patients the hormone had decreased by 100 to 1,000 times its normal level. Researchers stained slices of tissue to check for the presence of guanylin, but the results were negative. Scott Walden, M.D, Ph.D., the senior author on the study, stated “The fact that the vast majority of cancers stop producing this hormone leads us to believe that guanylin may be driving the growth of the tumors” (University, 2014). He also stated that if the belief is true it would be possible to prevent colon cancer by using hormone replacement therapy that included guanylin. Dr. Waldman is Chair of the Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics and the Samuel MV Hamilton Professor at Thomas Jefferson University (University, 2014). In regards to determining how guanylin hormone therapy will affect colon cancer, the next step it to test whether is prevents colon cancer or inhibits the growth of tumors in mice. Human studies will follow. In the...
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...Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 53,196 Americans died from colon cancer in 2006 (the most recent year for available data). The disease affects slightly more men than women, and risk increases with age. Causes Excluding very rare types, colon cancer develops in the cells lining the inside of the colon and/or rectum. The colon, or large intestine, is a curving structure that continues the digestion of food from the small intestine, carries it down to the rectum for elimination. While there is no specific cause of colon cancer, certain factors can increase risk of developing the disease. These factors include genetics, diet and health. Individuals with a family history of colon cancer, especially if more than one relative has had the disease, are at increased risk. Also, two genetic syndromes, known as familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome, have been associated with colon cancer. A diet rich in fat and red meat may increase disease risk. In addition, heavy alcohol use as well as smoking may contribute to a colon cancer diagnosis. Health factors such as obesity, diabetes and lack of exercise are associated with increased risk. Moreover, inflammatory disease such as other types of cancer or conditions such as ulcerative colitis can increase the likelihood of developing colon cancer. These risk factors, however, do not guarantee a diagnosis...
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...Fiber Genevieve Keefe SCI 241 September 23, 2010 Fiber Fiber is an important part in a person’s diet and aids in the waste elimination process. Fiber comes from plant materials that our bodies do not digest and provides many health benefits like lower cholesterol, reduces the risk of certain cancers, and heart disease. There are two types of fiber; soluble and insoluble. Soluble fiber dissolves in water, has shown it can lower cholesterol and increase heart health. Soluble fiber comes from foods like oat, fruits, and beans. Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water, but is a gut-healthy fiber that supports regular bowel movements and reduces the risks of colon cancer. Insoluble fiber is found in whole grain foods like wheat, bran and vegetables (Bell Institute, 2006). Dietary fiber added to our daily diet improves cardiovascular health, lowers cholesterol, and makes you feel fuller, which reduces caloric intake to aid in weight loss (The American Heart Association, 2010). The daily recommendation for fiber in a person’s diet depends on age and caloric intake. According to the American Heart Association children older than two should start to adopt a diet of reduced saturated fats and obtain most of their caloric intake from complex carbohydrates. Increasing complex carbs provides the dietary fiber and nutrients needed for a child. Recommended grams of fiber are 10 grams per day for a child age five and increasing in fiber to 25 grams and above as they reach...
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...Running head: HOW IMPORTANT IS COLON PREPARATION FOR COLONOSCOPY? 1 How Important is Colon Preparation for Colonoscopy? Wendi McDonough Western Governor’s University HOW IMPORTANT IS COLON PREPARATION FOR COLONOSCOPY? 2 How Important is Colon Preparation for Colonoscopy? Gastroenterologists perform screening colonoscopy to exam the colon for precancerous polyps, with the intent of removing them before they have a chance to develop into colon cancer (Cohen, Kastenberg, Mount, & Safdi, 2009), (Lichtenstein, 2009), (Nguyen & Wieland, 2010). Physicians prescribe bowel preparations prior to colonoscopy to cleanse the colon of stool. Colonoscopy has a number of primary risks involved. These include complications from anesthesia, side effects from preparation, perforation, missing a lesion, and being unable to complete the exam (Hendry, Jenkins, & Diament, 2007). Complications that arise because of poor preparation include increased complexity of the exam, decreased detection of colonic lesions, and increased healthcare spending (Roberts-Thomson & Teo, 2009), (Athreya, Owen, Wong, Douglas, & Newstead, 2011), (Nguyen & Wieland, 2010). The most important function of the colon is to absorb sodium, water, and some fats from the food we eat (Adamcewicz, Bearelly, Porat & Friedenberg, 2011). Complications arise from colon cleansing for a number of reasons. The patient may experience a suboptimal exam with multiple possible complications from poor preparation. These include...
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...Fiber or dietary fiber is a unique material that comes from plants in which the human body cannot digest in the digestive system and therefore it passes through the stomach, small and large intestine unchanged and then excreted. What fiber does to our bodies is helps reduce risks of diabetes, digestive disorders, heart disease and certain types of cancers. There are different types of food sources to help maintain a healthy daily amount such as oats, beans, peas, wheat bran, whole grains and fruits and vegetables. Fiber is never found in fish, meat, or poultry. There are two major types of fiber, soluble and insoluble. Soluble fiber in fruits, vegetables and grain products help lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol or “bad cholesterol” which is a major risk of heart disease. Soluble fiber also helps reduce the risk of diabetes. Insoluble fiber aids digestion in which it hardens stool to help alleviate constipation and help prevent colon cancer. Kids have to start adapting to the dietary recommendation at the age of two. Both kids and adults should be consuming between 14-28 grams of fiber a day. Adult men must consumer higher amounts of fiber than adult women as well. One thing I learned about fiber that I was not aware of prior top this reading is that fiber is not actually consumed but instead it is passed through the system. Unlike vitamins and minerals that the body absorbs to maintain a healthy lifestyle I did not think that fiber, something that...
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...Axia College Material Appendix F Comprehensive Grammar CheckPoint Enter the correct answer for each item by typing A or B in the second column. Provide an explanation for each choice in the Rationale column. The boxes expand to accommodate the text. |Item |Correct Answer |Rationale | | |(A or B) | | |1. |B |A nurse can either be male or female. | |2. |A |The second sentence makes a statement girls aren’t good in math. | |3. |B |The first sentence stereotypes a specific religion. | |4. |B |The sentence does not make reference to what race he is. | |5. |A |It tells the age of the child that needs counseling and why. | |6. |B |The experience is necessary not the age of a person. | |7. |A |It tells the special need of the child for the trip. | |8 |A ...
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...Volvuli can occur at many points along the gastrointestinal tract, including the sigmoid colon(65%), cecum(30%), transverse colon(3%), or splenic flexure(2%).1 Cecal volvulus involves the cecum, terminal ileum, and proximal ascending colon, affecting approximately 2.8 to 7.1 per million persons annually.2 While it frequently progresses to ischemia of the bowel, a delay in diagnosis may lead to bowel infarction, perforation, sepsis, and/or death.3 The mean age of diagnosis within the US is 53 years, younger than in patients with sigmoid volvulus, which typically occurs in elderly patients.4 There are 2 types of cecal volvuli, axial volvulus and cecal bascule. Axial volvulus involves rotation of the cecum around the ileocolic mesenteric vessels,...
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...Developing Multiple Intelligence – Learning Styles (MI-LS) – Integrated Lesson/Unit The following steps given by Harvey F. Silver, et al. is coined in the acronym IDEAS: 1. Identify the type of lesson you wish to teach and specific standard(s), outcome(s), and objective(s) you want to address. In this step ask self these questions: a. Am I developing a lesson: i. Using learning styles and multiple intelligences to achieve specific content objectives? ii. Focused on the development of particular styles or intelligences? b. Am I developing a lesson: i. That’s part of a year – long curricular theme? ii. To teach a specific objective? iii. To address a specific student need (i.e. for a student educational plan)? 2. For each intelligence, develop a list of possible learning opportunities for students to achieve your objective(s). In this step, ask yourself the following question: (V) How can I incorporate word, writing, listening, discussion, language? (L) How can I incorporate calculation, problem –solving, reasoning, math? (S) How can I incorporate art, video, graphic organizers, icon colors? (B) How can I incorporate manipulative, hands – on learning, use of body? (M) How can I incorporate music, musicality, beat, lyrics, and sounds? (P) How can I incorporate cooperative learning, partnership, role playing? (I) How can I incorporate emotion, reflection, self – assessment? (N) How can I incorporate interactions with the natural...
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...What are the symptoms of Hirschsprung's disease? The main symptoms of Hirschsprung disease are constipation or intestinal obstruction, usually appearing shortly after birth. Constipation in infants and children is common and usually comes and goes, but if your child has had ongoing constipation since birth, Hirschsprung disease may be the problem. Symptoms in Newborns Newborns with Hirschsprung disease almost always fail to have their first bowel movement within 48 hours after birth. Other symptoms include green or brown vomit explosive stools after a doctor inserts a finger into the rectum swelling of the belly, also known as the abdomen lots of gas bloody diarrhea Symptoms in Symptoms in Toddlers and Older Children Symptoms of Hirschsprung disease in toddlers and older children include not being able to pass stools without laxatives or enemas. A laxative is medicine that loosens stool and increases bowel movements. An enema is performed by flushing water, or sometimes a mild soap solution, into the anus using a special wash bottle swelling of the abdomen lots of gas bloody diarrhea slow growth or development lack of energy because of a shortage of red blood cells, called anemia. How is Hirschsprung's disease diagnosed? Hirschsprung disease is diagnosed based on symptoms and test results. A doctor will perform a physical exam and ask questions about your child's bowel movements. Hirschsprung disease is much less likely if parents can identify...
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