...Kayla D. King Journal 9 December 1, 2013 CAT Part 1 The Communication Accommodation Theory came about after; Giles realized that speech goes beyond twangs, pronunciation, and gaps in speech. In 1987 Giles coined the Communication Accommodation Theory as a theory that is based on intercultural communication. Accommodation is the ongoing shift in communication that is either toward or away from others. This theory is based on two strategies: convergence and divergence. Both are seen as accommodation because of the constant shift in communication. Convergence is a strategy that is used when an individual adjusts their speech to be similar to the person they are speaking with. Another strategy that is based on convergence is called discourse management. Discourse management is the act of carefully choosing topics that will not generate tension or awkward moments. In contrast, divergence is the act of moving away from others by not adjusting speech. An individual emphasizing the differences between he or she and another person is another way to divert. In intergenerational relationships, the elderly tend to use self-handicapping as a face-saving strategy. Self-handicapping, in this case, is when the elderly use being older as an excuse. Another divergent strategy is maintenance. Maintenance is continuing to use original communication without regard for others, also known as underaccommodation. Moreover, overaccommodation is patronizing belittling speech,...
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...Discuss some of the ways that participants in a conversation are sensitive to others needs There are two theories in spoken language that explain how speech in conversations changes due different factors. Some of these factors include; professional status, regional background, and age. These theories are the accommodation theory and the co-operative principle. The accommodation theory was developed by Howard Giles in the 1970’s. He had the theory we change our speech depending on the conversational needs of the person we are talking to. This either leads to divergence, people’s speech moving apart, or convergence, moving our speech closer to the other person’s style. Furthermore, convergence has the effect of decreasing the social distance between speakers which includes downwards convergence which is moving away from Received Pronunciation. A situation where this would take place could be talking to a friend or relative with a strong regional accent. This contrasts with upwards convergence where a person moves closer to Received Pronunciation. A situation in which this could occur could be when talking to a boss or someone with higher status. Mutual convergence is when both the participants move towards each other’s speech styles which tends to happen when both the speakers like each other. Divergence has the effect of emphasising the differences between two people’s speech styles such as a teacher asserting their authority with a class of students. The co-operative principle...
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...Using Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) as a framework, this paper presents a multi-method investigation of the communicative behaviors in culturally heterogeneous workgroups (CHWs). Analysis of observations (participant and non-participant), semi structured interviews, and self-report surveys from both field and student samples provide insight on the communicative behaviors and strategies employed in the production and management of both productive and destructive conflict and outcomes for CHWs. The research demonstrates the usefulness of the CAT framework to analyses of conflict in CHWs and provides fresh insights on the triggers and management strategies associated with conflict in CHWs. A topical organizational scheme will be used in this section to increase the knowledge of this theory for the reader. As you may perhaps guessed, many scholarly articles focus in the concepts of convergence and divergence when it comes to testing or supporting CAT but instead of stating one research scholarly article at the time with its hypotheses, methods and findings, a synthesis of several articles with overlaps in topics will be given instead. Let’s start with relationships, One important aspect of speech accommodation theory to consider is how researchers evaluate speech. By examining factors that are used to determine speech behaviors, much can be learned about the study of accommodation. There are several characteristics of speech upon which researchers have focused...
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...Strategies One of the most important elements of success of an organization is communication. Communication allows people from every part of the globe to come together and work toward a common goal. Communication is essential to an organizations success and because of this, it is important to have various communication methods. People will respond to communication methods differently, what works on one person will not necessarily work on another. Management must have an understanding of the people within the organization, without this knowledge, the ability to communicate effectively will be hampered. Some of the things that must be taken into consideration concerning communication include different age groups, ethnicities, gender differences, non-native English speakers, people with disabilities and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) specifics, and expatriates. Management that has a working knowledge of how to communicate with these different groups will have a decided advantage. Different Age Groups Communication styles have changed through the generations. In years past, it was common for people to visit each other at their homes or to call on the telephone; later generations e-mailed one another, and still later generations text message or Facebook one another to keep in touch. If management knows what age groups are working within its organization helps to determine what type of communication strategies to use. For instance, instead of having the mentality of this...
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...Introduction Through this course learning, there are three main important team type pop out in my mind, which is cross-cultural teams, virtual teams, and X-teams. Before working with our team rainbow, my previous experience could not support my knowledge and skills to working well in these three types team. 1. Do not know how to control the conflict in the team-building. Generally speaking, the conflict will be occurred in the whole team operation process, especially the team-building run-in period. The team member need to through conversation, working, meeting to be more familiar. In the run-in period, my opinion might be not attention for the cooperation, and some member might be provided drastic discussion to let me felt bad when working in the team. Furthermore, the conflict will block my enthusiasm to contribute more creativity ideas when we were brainstorming. 2. Always need leader leading and follow the leader. In my past team experience, we always need to select the leader for the team. The leader will control all the schedule, resource, activity for the team, and I always waiting the leader to assign the work for me. In addition, the leader will control and make the final decision for the decision. According to my previous team experience, my main concern about the team cooperation is how to deal the team internal conflict. Journey through the ‘leading teams’ class This course provides me much more useful knowledge and experience on the cross-cultural...
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...Portal: http://my.fullerton.edu Prerequisites: English 101 or equivalent (with a grade of C or better). You may not be enrolled in BUAD 201 while taking BUAD 301. Learning Objectives: Upon completion of this course, you will be able to: • apply fundamental strategies and techniques of business communication to prepare business correspondence, reports and presentations • understand the characteristics of business writing style and the essentials of effective document design • analyze and use contemporary business communication channels. • analyze intercultural communication strategies, nonverbal communication, and ethics in typical workplace situations. • prepare a basic job application package, understand job search strategies and interview process. • exhibit team skills by collaborating with peers to write and present. • demonstrate literacy skills by producing university caliber and workplace-acceptable documents. The instructor may suggest a self-study program to students having difficulties with grammar and mechanics. In some cases, the instructor may advise that students hire a tutor. Required Texts: Mary Ellen Guffey & Dana Loewy. Business Communication: Process & Product, 8th edition + Aplia Learning System (bundle). Cengage, 2014. Other Materials: Recently published portable dictionary and thesaurus; flash drive, the course page on TITANium, class handouts. All citations must conform to APA (American Psychological Association) style. Attendance:...
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...|COURSE : COMM 100: Introduction to Communication |INSTRUCTOR: Mark Kazemzadeh | | |EMAIL: mark.kazemzadeh@umb.edu | |SCHEDULE: |OFFICE: W/6/86 | |Room #: |Mailbox: W/06/37 | |SEMESTER: Fall 2015 |OFFICE HRS: TTh 1-2p, MW 12-1p | | |and by appointment | Course Description: This course is designed to provide an introductory survey of the study of communication. The course begins with a general history of human communication and goes on to examine such areas as definitions, models, and basic concepts in communication; the range of verbal and non-verbal codes, and their complex inter-relations in modern message systems; and various communication contexts, with emphasis on the structure and function of intercultural communication, interpersonal communication, and organizational communication. Required Text: O’Hair, D., & Wiemann, M. (2012). Real Communication: An Introduction (2nd or 3rd Ed.). Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s...
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... - can be positive / negative • Prejudice - an attitude (affect) - can be positive / negative — is stored in the mind — i love Mexican food (prejudice) • Discrimination - a type of behavior - can be positive / negative — is the act/ behavior • Traditional relationship among the three stereotypes —> prejudice —> discrimination • Discrimination is communicative — is prejudice, ex: “i like a dodger fan just as much” later that day ends up beating up a dodger fan. - generous definition of communication: Festivals, Marches, Tattoos, Violence, Clothing, and Language are all communicative - if discrimination can be positive / negative, then so can communication (be positive / negative) • Communication Accommodation (Adjustment) Theory: explores how discrimination occurs communicatively • Main Premise: we adjust (accommodate) our communication based on our communicative partner. - attitudes of communicative partner’s social group are important - types of accommodation • Converge: —> social identity - we desire a positive social identity - we want to feel good about our own group membership —> social comparison - we compare our group in relation to other groups (“relative” others) — relative means that when you are comparing the same genders but different ethnicities they’re the same, but different — in-group rejection: when you reject yourself • Social Comparison - we compare our group in relation to other groups (“relative” others) — women compare themselves...
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...ASSIGNMENT GET YOUR WORK DONE BY www.TopGradePapers.com Gu Pudding Brand Campaign Marketing Communications Bosh pG ra 2009 UNIVERSITY GET YOUR WORK DONE BY www.TopGradePapers.com To de Pa pe rs GET YOUR WORK DONE BY www.TopGradePapers.com Table of Contents Communications Opportunity Analysis: ................................................................................................. 4 List of Barriers ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Strong competition from Cadbury and Muller ............................................................................... 4 Aggressive marketing ...................................................................................................................... 4 More customer inclination towards Cadbury ................................................................................. 4 List of Opportunities ........................................................................................................................... 4 Market penetration ........................................................................................................................ 4 Participatory marketing .................................................................................................................. 5 Diet chocolate product range ......................................................
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...Health Care Communication Method Pamela Baldwin HCS/320 March 14, 2013 Diedra Sawyer Health Care Communication Method A recent development concerning this facility is the reason for this facility to locate safe clean housing for a number of individuals who are facing displacement because of recent purchase of the facility by a national corporation. As administrator, one must adhere to state and federal regulations but must seek quality housing for these few individuals. The purchaser will implement new policies that will displace some of the residents. Some individuals do not have relatives in close proximity and do not possess the ability to communicate in regards to releasing medical records; as administrator one must locate placement for the individuals and must also devise a plan that adheres to HIPPA regulations while insuring the patient’s right to privacy. Moving forward one will try to establish communication with relatives and apprise the family of the situation. Contacting Relatives Responsibility for developing an applicable plan for relocation of the individuals who face displacement will consist of locating relatives who reside some distance from the present facility, which makes it difficult for a trip here. One will send emails to contact relatives in order to establish communication and to devise a plan that accommodates the patient and family. Step two consist of acquiring knowledge to see if these relatives possess power-of-attorney...
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...BTEC UNIT 4 Assignment: Verbal and Written Business Communication Getting started To complete this assignment you will need to produce a portfolio which looks at communications in business. The portfolio should be based around the following case study. Case Study The Red Lion Hotel is a medium sized business which has expanded over recent years and hopes to continue to do so in the future. Its business aim is to deliver quality accommodation and a first class service to guests staying in any of the 38 bedrooms. Following a recent building extension, the hotel now has 3 function rooms of varying sizes which can be used for weddings, christenings and conferences. In addition there is now a 30 foot swimming pool with Jacuzzi. Guests can choose to stay in the hotel on a bed and breakfast basis or half board as evening meals are available in the restaurant. You are employed as an administrative assistant reporting directly to the office manager. Your main responsibilities include, planning and organising bookings for events such as weddings and conferences, ordering stock, dealing with internal and external post, taking and producing minutes from departmental meetings and answering the telephones. Section One Written and Verbal Communications in Business Contexts Task 1 Identify, using examples, the purpose of written business communications in Four different business contexts within the life of the Red Lion Hotel; (U8-P1) Describe why each...
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...COLLEGE OF ARTS AND LETTERS Department of English, Foreign Languages and Linguistics Sta. Mesa, Manila Adaptation of Swardspeak to the Language of Bachelor of Arts in English Second-Year Students of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines Joanna Marie N. Cabanatan Maricon A. Alisuag Jenny L. Carlos Fatima B. Dela Cruz Prof. Evangelina S. Seril CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION I. Introduction Today’s modern generation, many youth are engaged in different languages. Some of us have experienced being near to a group of gays who were talking in quite a different language and you were surprised that you could understand some of the words they were saying. That language is what we called gay lingo but in 1970s, it is Swardspeak. Here in the Philippines, they called the term, "Swardspeak" or "Gay Lingo". Nowadays it is one of the most prominent kinds of language that most of the youth rather people engaged to. It consists of mainly Filipino language, but also uses elements of English, Spanish and other Asian or foreign words (especially Japanese), gays make uses of words that are derived from other words and try to make the words colorful and enticingly comical. It is also their way of speaking and their own mannerisms that make it different to those of the females. Because of the spread of Swardspeak, many Filipino try to engange themselves and makes use of it. . Like any other languages, Swardspeak is...
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...Technology and Communications Stephanie Mannino Com/295 February 8, 2016 Kenneth Edick Technology and Communications Effective ways to communicate using technology A message to the technical support about an employee’s computer that has been infected by a virus: The most effective way to communicate with technical support would be first to simply call. I would call simply because an employee needing to be able to use their computer would be a very time sensitive matter. Whether or not you speak with someone in the department, I would also send an email with the name of the employee and the department that they work in. I would follow up later that day to ensure that the problem was handled effectively. A message from HR to all employees, explaining the changes to the company health plan in the coming year: I would send this information out via email. The email would include a brief description and who to contact if they have questions or concerns. I would attach a pdf file for each employee to review at their discretion. To cover all bases, I would also send to all department heads where employees do not have access to email, and the information could be printed for those employee’s. A message from the CEO of a large company to employees explaining negative news regarding the company appearing on national news channels: I would send out a report and thoroughly detail the specifics of the negative news. I would state exactly...
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...Question 1 Madam May May has to deal with an increasingly diverse group of workers in her department. Suggest ways on how she can manage diversity effectively in the work environment. Answer What is diversity? According to UCSF (University of California, San Francisco) diversity is "The variety of experiences and perspective which arise from differences in race, culture, religion, mental or physical abilities, heritage, age, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and other characteristics." So Madam May May needs to manage her subordinates with their physical abilities, gender, and sexual orientation. According to Organizational Behavior 14th edition, Robbins Judge, we aren’t all the same. This is obvious enough, but managers sometimes forget that they need to recognize and capitalize on these differences to get the most out of their employees. Effective diversity management increases an organization’s access to the widest possible pool of skills, abilities, and ideas. Differences among people can lead to miscommunication, misunderstanding, and conflict must also be recognized by the managers. Madam May May has some key roles to ensure the organization diversity be managed effectively in the environment. First key role is to know well or adapt the concept of the managing diversity concepts. Secondly, have recognition of diversity through every aspect of the management of threads. Thirdly, be aware of the sensitive issues, so we must be educated about the culture, race...
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...Communication 220 Final Review FORMAT 1) This is not a cumulative exam. It will cover only information not covered on Exam #1 and #2. 2) The exam will be 40 multiple choice and 10 T/F questions; each question will be worth 2 points 3) Bring two numbers 2 pencils. 4) If you are a student with a disability send me an email reminding me of the accommodations we discussed so that I can be sure to get your exam to its proper location. 5) You are welcome to attend my office hours this week to review your first or second exam. CONTENT 6) The exam questions will come predominantly from course lecture and the specific chapters and materials covered are listed on the second and third page of this document. a. If the material came directly from the text book it is not listed. If the lecture differed greatly from the text book the terms and concepts are clearly listed below. b. For the chapters reviewed in class you should use review all the terms listed in the key concepts at the end of the chapter. If there is ever a conflict between the lecture and the book, defer to the lecture. 7) You should be able to define and explain all the key terms. 8) You should be able to put concepts and theories into conversation with one another and recognize the differences and similarities between them. 9) You should be able to apply a course concept of theory to a practical example. 10) You should know what scholar created...
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