...The Strategies of Conversation between the Radio Announcers and Their Listeners using Conversation Analysis Theory (A Case Study in MGT FM Bandung) By: Ganjar Nugraha CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Problem In life, as a social being, people need to interact and integrate with other people in a society. In order to interact and integrate, then people need to communicate, one of the most significant tools to communicate is called language. “Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols which permits all people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture, to communicate or to interact” (Finocchiaro, 1974:3). By means of languages, people are able to convey the feelings, the thoughts in mind, and the messages, so that the people can interact with each other. Language constitutes paramount medium for communication in people’s life. “Language plays a great part in human life. (Bloomfield, 1995:3). So, through language, people can interact with each other. One purposes of language is to communicate. “One form of communication is the interaction between speakers” (Lubis, 1988:10).The interaction includes the way speaker to convey meaning and express feeling, also how people do with words and utterances and then form good sentences to be sent to other speakers. To avoid misunderstanding between the speakers, they usually try to convey the messages hard and find another way or strategy to convey the messages. Sometimes, when...
Words: 1589 - Pages: 7
...This article provides a brief introduction of Alzheimer’s Dementia and present two conversations involving the participants with and without Alzheimer’s Dementia. Specifically, the authors discuss the concept of ‘order’ in conversation and the central importance of interactional monitoring. Alzheimer’s Dementia (DAT) is characterized by multiple cognitive deficits that represent a significant reduction in premorbid functioning, and a significant impairment in occupational or social functioning. A diagnosis requires the presents of memory impairment and one or more of the following: language impairment, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or the disturbance of executive function. The article then discusses how DAT affects communication. Difficulties...
Words: 410 - Pages: 2
...happens before the communication, considering what is needed to be understood, how to make it understandable, and how to apply it. In other words, how the communication needs to be delivered so the employees know what the message is and how to apply it. The concept comes from our textbook, Beyond the Babble, and is a type of communication plan for leaders to improve communication. This is the step before writing or communicating in other methods, what the leader needs to say to those he/she is leading. The communication allow for people to know the right things and feel the right things so they can do the right thing in terms of actions. The planning also helps to make the message concise, without all the communication that can make the message delivery counterproductive. This type of analysis is done before the actual communication is begun. So it takes some time and analysis of the message. The process is three components and looks like this, Know + Feel = Do. If people know what is needed and they feel it, they will take the right actions to do it. Narrowing makes the designation of conversation more easy to use to reach people at different levels of the company. The conversation method allows for discussion, questions and answers in a safer environment. Conversation is where messages are delivered in real time and the discussion can be urgent or enthusiastic or serious in the context of the conversation. Conversations are non-threatening...
Words: 329 - Pages: 2
...Case Analysis Sun Medical Systems, INC Table of Contents Summary 2 1. Situation Analysis 2 2. Problem Analysis 3 3. Decision Analysis 5 A. Maintain Status-quo 6 B. Move to a different department or organization 6 C. Verify her stories and then decide the next course of action 6 Plan of Action 7 A. Prepare for the crucial Conversation 7 Summary The objective of the case analysis to apply the SA-PA-DA-PA (Situation Analysis, Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis and Plan of Action) framework to find out the right course of action for Shabana Jabeen of Sun Medical systems. Shabana feels frustrated and stagnated at her job in spite of her division doing exceptionally well and her contributions to the growth of the division are widely acknowledged by the Management. The case analysis has been structured in 4 sections as per the SA-PA-DA-PA methodology. Situation Analysis Situation analysis is defined as a process that examines a situation, its elements, and their relations, and that is intended to provide and maintain a state of situation awareness for the decision maker. A situation analysis defines and interprets the state of the environment of a person or organization and provides the context and knowledge for planning. Examining Shabana’s situation we come across the following facts – I. Shabana has been a top student and an exceptional...
Words: 1677 - Pages: 7
...Communication and Social Systems Analysis of Group Interactions Final Paper Social Analysis of Human Systems HUS 633 Section 28 Main Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to use outside sources to describe the group helping project as a system. An analysis of Littlejohn’s theory will be discussed. Gina Townsend Professor Frank Worts June 17, 2008 HUS 633 Section 28 This paper will give a detailed explanation of the group helping project as a communications system. The sections flowing will outline systems concepts that most affect the communication in a group. With the support of Peter Segue, Littlejohn, and a host of other authors this paper will also apply three Littlejohn concepts. The concepts that will be addressed in this paper are the message, the conversation, and the relationship. Below, is a description of the constructive action group and how it relates to being a communications system. 6 African American high school students both male and female from Millville, New Jersey participated in the program. Each student had communicated that they are sexually active and at risk of not completing sufficient academic credits to maintain graduation eligibility. The main purpose for facilitating...
Words: 2504 - Pages: 11
...language that is only written but not spoken. Oral communication is constantly and continually employed by an individual in the familial and social environments. Oral communication has also its vital role in business situations. Oral communication in business has a variety of purposes. The communication of information is one purpose of oral communication, and may include informing employees of company-related issues, training new hires, speaking to the general public and maintaining business to business relationships. Persuasion through marketing and advertising is another purpose of oral communication in business. It is used to show a group of people a need and provide a solution to that need. The following are some of the situations in which oral communication is employed. Example 1: Presentations One form of oral communication in a business setting is a presentation. Presentations are usually an organized conveyance of information to a group of people. Stylistically, they tend to be far more formal than informal, and rely more heavily on data and facts than they do analysis. Presentations may include some dialog after the sender of the message has finished their speech, but they are, by and large, much more monologue reliant. This makes it important for the speaker to anticipate possible objections to the message and address them in the actual speech. Example2: Client interaction Another form of oral communication in business encompasses interaction with clients...
Words: 611 - Pages: 3
...COMMUNICATION INTERACTIVE ANALYSIS Goal for the interaction: My goals for the interaction was to create and build a therapeutic relationship with the client. I hoped to use multiple communication techniques such as the use of open ended questions and general leads. Description of the environment: The interaction first took place in the cafeteria of the home during breakfast. We were both seated at a table and there was plenty of background noise as there were multiple people eating and having conversations. Later on the interaction moved to the client’s room because it was quiet and there was almost no background noise. The client sat on the edge of here bed while I sat on a chair beside the bed. Student’s Communication (including non-verbal) Students Thoughts and Feelings Client’s Communication (including non-verbal) Analysis of Interaction “Hi, how are you, my names Justin I’m a nursing student from lakehead is it okay if I talk to you today?” • I was seated next to the client leaning slightly forward and maintaining eye contact to let her know I was interested. At this point within the interaction I was slightly nervous because I had not been introduced to anyone the clients before while the rest of the students had. The client understood my purpose for being there which allowed me to act with more confidence. “Yes you can, it’s good to see more males getting into nursing” • Client turned chair towards me to engage in conversation and ensure eye contact During...
Words: 1615 - Pages: 7
...adds a whole sentence of a particular language during speaking in another language. In addition, he describes how to distinguish between code-switching and code-mixing. The main difference is whether or not the speaker knows how to differentiate between the two languages. If they do, it must be code-switching. This chapter describes how to approach to my recording data with theoretical background. Since it is hard to explain why and how code-switching is happening in the data, this chapter provides me a strong notion of code-switching, which will help me when I analyze the conversation. I believe I can begin to build up my own analysis from here not only with recognizing and differentiating the concepts of intrasentential and intersentential, but also code-switching and code-mixing. Pagano, A. (2010). Code‐switching: a korean case study. Griffith working papers in pragmatics and intercultural communication , 3(1), 22-38. The...
Words: 945 - Pages: 4
...CONVERSATIONAL STYLES ON ONLINE FORUM DISCUSSIONS Eric Perdigones CED-02-501A RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Overtime people have learned to develop many ways of making life easier and more convenient. One of the most common technological innovations that we have today is the internet which is being used by many Filipinos. It has typically improved the lives of the ones using it. The internet is a primary resource for people who do not have the convenience of going into a library for immediate references. With just a click of a button, someone can find most basic information that they will need: whether it could be for school, for their job or even just for their hobbies. It has also been a medium for big social interactions which continuously expands until today. This study will focus on a kind of Interaction that occurs within the “The English Grammar and Usage Tutorial Thread” under the academe sub topic of the Education Forum for the “Pinoy Exchange” website. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The main question that this study examines is HOW DO PEOPLE COMMUNICATE IN ORDER TO AVOID POTENTIAL PROBLEMS IN UNDERSTANDING IN AN ONLINE FORUM DISCUSSION? The following specific problems and issues are addressed in this study: 1. What is the nature of an online forum discussion? 2. How do problems in understanding surface in the language of Philippine Online Forums? 3. What are the reasons why people should participate in an Online Forum? REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...
Words: 718 - Pages: 3
...is a handout I often give to students when I expect them to provide a research proposal for a course project. That is, it’s intended for fairly brief proposals, not a prospectus for a masters or doctoral thesis. It gives students an example of the sort of thing I want, plus some commentary (in italics) about what I’m expecting in each section. I sometimes change the particular example given, in order to encourage them to think about particular kinds of projects. For instance, the example provided here was used in a Leadership Communication course. I’ve used the same format, but a different research project example, for a course on Organisational Communication Technology. Feel free to adapt it to your purposes. Research Proposal (Example) (Note: This is single spaced to save paper; yours should be double-spaced) To: Ted Zorn From: Chris Student Date: 1 April 2003 Subject: Research proposal Proposed Research Topic: A situational analysis of shared leadership in a self-managing team [provide a brief description or a descriptive title or a research question] Purposes: Alvesson (1996) claims that a situational approach enables leadership to be viewed and studied as “a practical accomplishment” (p. 476) rather than starting with a conceptualisation of leadership as whatever the appointed leader does. This approach seems particularly well suited to self-managing teams (SMTs), in which leadership is presumably shared. In this project, I will explore how members...
Words: 1305 - Pages: 6
...Research Proposal Provisional title- Social media and the hidden spaces of online identity management Topic: Social Networking and Interaction This project is concerned with computer mediated communication (CMC) between individuals via the social networking platform, Facebook. Created by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004, Facebook is a social networking forum wherein individuals can share photographs, personal information, conversations and friends (Buckman, 2005). Although other online sites such as MySpace, Friendster and Bebo are also designed to carry out such functions, Facebook is generally considered to be the leading site of its kind, currently consisting of over a billion users worldwide (Facebook, 2013). Facebook has increasingly become deeply integrated into user’s daily routines (Debatin, 2009). Indeed, a recent study found that students spend an average of 38 minutes a day ‘Face-booking’ (Muise et al, 2009). This equates to almost 9 days every year being dedicated to communication activities via the medium. With the internet increasingly being accessed via mobile devices, anytime, anyplace, it is likely that this figure will increase over time. With these ideas in mind, it is interesting to consider sites such as Facebook as capable of revealing important information about how young adults interact with one another in the information age. Platform functions such as wall posts, comments, statuses, private messages and so on provide a vast space for a number...
Words: 4280 - Pages: 18
...they will not be displayed. Download the original attachment The Skills of Good Speaking The Skills of Good Speaking • Art of Conversation • Public Speaking • Job Interview Art of Conversation • Do’s of Conversation • Don’ts of Conversation Do’s of Conversation • Listen more than you talk. • Come to an occasion armed with topics at the ready. • Tailor the conversation to the listener. • Take your turn • Think before you speak. Don’ts of Conversation • Don’t interrupt. • Don’t talk to only one person when conversing in a group. • Don’t engage in “one-upping. • Don’t overshare. Things Not to Say • “Am I boring you?” • “Huh?” “What?” “Say What?” “Eh?” • “Actually, you should say ‘between you and me,” not ‘between you and I.’” • “Stop me if I’ve told you this story before…” The Number One Rule of Conversation: Be Natural Source: http://artofmanliness.com/2010/09/24/the-art-of-conversation/ Public Speaking Public Speaking • Definition • Speaking Opportunities • Similarities between PS and Conversation • Differences between PS and Conversation • Speech Communication Process • Factors to be Considered During Speaking Public Speaking • Public speaking is the process of speaking to a...
Words: 1684 - Pages: 7
...Asymmetry: Makes or Breaks? A conversation analysis of doctor-patient encounters in Chinese medical settings Presented by Zheng Huan annsidewalks@gmail.com Guangdong University of Foreign Studies 1. Background The interaction between doctors and their patients is “asymmetrical” (ten Have, 1991), which is widely shared among both researchers and participants of medical encounters. But, is this against our “assumed reality”? With the current trend towards commercialization of medical service and patients’ increasing awareness of their rights as consumers, it is claimed that doctor-patient interaction has moved from “an asymmetrical pattern in which patients regard doctors as the authority to a symmetrical one in which doctors and patients work as partners” (Tsai and Lu, 2001) Actually in mainland China, too much has been recently informed and reported about the complaints on the part of patients and about the physical attack and the legal cases sued against doctors and hospitals. Doctor-patient interaction has remain under-researched in the Chinese context. 2. Objective To examine asymmetrical verbal behavior and power relations of doctors and patients in the consultation room of Chinese medical institution, with focus on conversation openings and closings, questions and answers, interruptions, and topic control. 3. Research questions Whether and how asymmetry is interactively and locally produced through doctor-patient talk at the Chinese consultation room; ...
Words: 692 - Pages: 3
...Oral Communication & Oral Report SWOT Analysis In the course of interacting with my parents, some things were clear thus, the opportunity to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats with an objective of improving my conversations in future encounters. Strengths During this conversation, I was able to exploit appropriate resonance of vocal sound, which was good towards the achievement of quality and effective communication. There was also appropriate blend in relation to pitch, speed, and volume during the conversation thus realization of the effective communication. I was able to understand what I was saying during the conversation because of integration of an appropriate style to interact with my parents. In addition, I was also able to utilise quality words in accordance with the listeners’ vocabulary with the aim of expressing respect to my parent during the conversation. I am also able to adapt to any conversation. Weaknesses One of the potential weaknesses during the conversation is the tendency to experience distractions. In addition, I need to work on my presentation skills because I was suspicious at the start of the conversation. Another element of discussion was the tendency of murmuring words thus limiting realization of effective communication. Opportunities I have the opportunity to listen to myself over again with the aim of improving the voice quality. Furthermore, I have an opportunity to adopt and implement an effective...
Words: 561 - Pages: 3
...is a handout I often give to students when I expect them to provide a research proposal for a course project. That is, it’s intended for fairly brief proposals, not a prospectus for a masters or doctoral thesis. It gives students an example of the sort of thing I want, plus some commentary (in italics) about what I’m expecting in each section. I sometimes change the particular example given, in order to encourage them to think about particular kinds of projects. For instance, the example provided here was used in a Leadership Communication course. I’ve used the same format, but a different research project example, for a course on Organisational Communication Technology. Feel free to adapt it to your purposes. Research Proposal (Example) (Note: This is single spaced to save paper; yours should be double-spaced) To: Ted Zorn From: Chris Student Date: 1 April 2003 Subject: Research proposal Proposed Research Topic: A situational analysis of shared leadership in a self-managing team [provide a brief description or a descriptive title or a research question] Purposes: Alvesson (1996) claims that a situational approach enables leadership to be viewed and studied as “a practical accomplishment” (p. 476) rather than starting with a conceptualisation of leadership as whatever the appointed leader does. This approach seems particularly well suited to self-managing teams (SMTs), in which leadership is presumably shared. In this project, I will explore how members...
Words: 1299 - Pages: 6
