... | |in Reading |Organization | |Three types of innovation: |In the past five years Best Snacks has |Davila, Epstein and |Working for the government does not | |Incremental, Semi-Radical, and |instituted incremental innovations that have |Shelton, 2006, p. 38|allow for much innovation at the | |Radical. “Incremental innovation |simply built on previously successful | |lower levels however; the upper | |leads to small improvements to |marketing methods such as new packaging | |management of government definitely | |existing products and business |sizes. Elizabeth Fairchild is convinced that| |put much time and money into keeping | |processes… Radical innovation results |to continue to succeed, more innovative | |up with changes to better the | |in new products or services delivered |products need to be developed. These new | |organization. Innovations of all | |in entirely new ways.” |products could fall under semi-radical or | |types are important to all aspects of| | |radical innovations. | |the military and government. | | | ...
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...DesIgnIng the OrganIzatIOn fOr User InnOvatIOn Peter Keinz • ChristoPh hienerth • ChristoPher LettL Abstract: there is increasing consensus among practitioners and academics alike that we are in the midst of a paradigm shift from producer-centered and internal innovation processes toward user-centered and open innovation processes. This paradigm shift induces significant changes to the design of organizations. Even though the research field of user innovation has been developing over a period of more than four decades, there have been only occasional intersections with the research field of organizational design. In this article, we aim to provide an integrated perspective of the two fields. We first identify major user innovation strategies. We then derive the implications for each user innovation strategy on key dimensions of organizational design. Keywords: User innovation; organization design the point of departure for this article is the growing literature around the phenomenon that companies are in the midst of a paradigm shift from closed, producer-centered ways of innovating to open, user-centered innovation processes (Chesbrough, 2003; von hippel, 2005). to improve innovation performance and increase competitiveness, more and more firms are employing user innovation strategies (von Hippel, 2005). Such strategies have proven to be of high value to almost every type of company; both start-ups and wellestablished companies, irrespective of the industry they are operating...
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...Business Development and Innovation OpenIDEO Case 1) What are the respective strengths and weaknesses of IDEO and OpenIDEO ? IDEO : Strengths: The major strength of IDEO is its very innovative nature: the culture of the firm is to always think about how to build the future through creation and experimentation. The services they offer go beyond just product innovation: they create whole new innovative strategies closely with their clients. Moreover, they are able to develop those strategies thanks to their human resources that are a key element for IDEO. They attract skilled, creative and motivated employees so it enables them come up with the best innovative solutions. Combined with their collaborative way of work and deep brainstorming sessions, IDEO is able to offer original and efficient services. Finally, one of the firm’s strength is to emphasize on the use of prototypes that is a powerful way of trying something and see how people would react to it. IDEO’s three R’s (“rough, rapid and right”) enable them to better achieve their designing and innovation strategies. Weaknesses: The main weakness of IDEO would be that they lack expertise on a certain field. Indeed, they choose to have a more general approach to problem solving that is not to focus on a particular domain but apply their concepts to any sector. They offer design-consulting services in many areas such as education, energy, financial services, health, food etc. so it can be a weakness to be over-diversified...
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...5/2/2012 Police Innovations American policing over the last three decades has gone through many changes and innovations. Police and researchers try to create innovations in order to prevent or reduce crime. Following the white flight and the development of suburban towns, police started to switch from their standard practices to improve their procedures. This paper will explain and compare ten police innovations in order to show how police officers and researchers work to reduce crime. These innovations include problem-oriented policing, community policing, “broken windows” policing, Compstat, hot spots policing, “pulling levers” policing, evidence-based policing, third party policing, Intelligence-led policing, and predictive policing. In addition, it will contain a personal recommendation of which reform police agencies should implement. The paper will explain specific examples on how this reform will be helpful to police agencies. Police and scholars work to enhance reforms vigorously in order to decrease crime, assist with community needs, and prevent further delinquency. Certain police reforms provide more decision-making power to the individual beat officer, and problem-oriented police gives vast amounts of discretion to them. Problem oriented policing (POP) is a logical way of looking at the problem in policing. The POP reform works to understand and analyze crime and policing tactics to try to prevent the crime or at least manage to slow the frequency of the crime...
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...global community with vision, justice, and clarity. ▪Encourage freedom of thought, speech, and inquiry in a tolerant, respectful academic setting that values diversity. ▪Provide innovative and interdisciplinary undergraduate, graduate, and professional courses of study that enable students to exercise analytical and imaginative thinking and make well-founded ethical decisions. ▪Nurture and support a highly qualified and entrepreneurial faculty that is excellent at teaching, active in pure and applied research, capable of providing a broad range of intellectual and cultural insights, and is responsive to the needs of students and their communities. ▪Maintain an international reputation for superior education and public service that affirms its role as the intellectual and cultural nexus among Northern Virginia, the nation, and the world. We feel that this mission statement is somewhat broad. George Mason should make an effort to be more specific about their mission statement. 2. Identify your customers. What are their needs? (p. 22) How do you assess good/poor quality in this organization? The customers of George Mason University are its students. In competition for the most and best applicants, universities are increasingly using customer service initiatives to attract students. The basic student need is being provided an environment in which they can be educated as the new generation of leaders for the 21st century—men and women capable of shaping a global community with...
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...Introduction Kenya has a vibrant entrepreneurial base with the potential of becoming competitive globally. There is a shift from manufacturing to a flexible labor based economy, a phenomena commonly referred to as knowledge based economy (Formica, 2005). Entrepreneurship as a whole contributes to social-economic wealth by creating new markets, new industries, new technology, new institutional forms, new jobs, and net increases in real productivity (Ngugi, 2014). Despite the vital role entrepreneurship plays in the economy, there are numerous challenges facing entrepreneurship development. The Micro and Small enterprises bear the brunt of it all (Pike 2007). It is estimated that as many as 75% of small enterprises started in Kenya fail within three years of their birth. Indeed an enterprise that is more than three years old is regarded as having achieved some measure of success. Therefore, there is the need to strengthen entrepreneurship to nurture nascent entrepreneurs and achieve the goal of enterprise development. The following are methods of strengthening entrepreneurship in Kenya: Strengthening financial systems The biggest challenge to entrepreneurial ventures is lack of capital to realize entrepreneurial dreams. A lack of resilient financial systems has been a hindrance to development of MSEs and hence entrepreneurship. A sound financial system therefore improves the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Private equity and venture capital are an important source of seed money...
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...Community Rights and Geographical Indications Introduction The Concept of Community. The first step in considering the meaning of community is to understand that, fundamentally, it is a fluid concept. What one person calls a community may not match another person’s definition. A person may be a member of a community by choice, as with voluntary associations, or by virtue of their innate personal characteristics, such as age, gender, race, or ethnicity. As a result, individuals may belong to multiple communities at any one time. When initiating community engagement efforts, one must be aware of these complex associations in deciding which individuals to work within the targeted community. A community is a group of two or more people who have been able to accept and transcend their differences regardless of the diversity of their backgrounds (social, spiritual, educational, ethnic, economic, political, etc.) This enables them to communicate effectively and openly and to work together toward goals identified as being for their common good. The word community can refer to a specific group of people or it can describe a quality of relationship based on certain values and principles. A community is a group of all leaders who share equal responsibility for and commitment to maintaining its spirit. Community is reflective, contemplative and introspective. Communities may be viewed as systems composed of individual members and sectors that have a variety of distinct characteristics...
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...Management Strategy Issues) “For a newly internationalised company, like Elecdyne, discuss one of the following sets of issues (from 1-4), plus you must discuss issue 5.” 1. The centralisation-decentralisation debate You should identify where the various functions of management sit in terms of being upstream, downstream, neither, or both, and how developments in technology may affect these functions in the next 10 years. | 2. Social innovation and networking You should undertake an analysis of the social innovation based opportunities that might develop for a newly internationalised company, like Elecdyne in different sectors (e.g. health and education) over the next 10 years. | 3. Sustainability and the potential impact of related issues on the company’s innovation, production and / or logistics functionsYou should analyse the sustainability based opportunities that might develop for a newly internationalised company, like Elecdyne over the next 10 years and evaluate the potential impact of these on the company’s innovation, production and / or logistics functions. | 4. Corporate social responsibility (CSR), including 5 key CSR related issues, Pyramid of CSR etc. You should evaluate the issue of corporate social responsibility using the “Pyramid of CSR framework” and analyse 5 key CSR related issues (recycling, ethical business, working condition, environmental issues, and philanthropy activities) or factors that you think a newly internationalised company...
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...plague the Cleveland community. According to the U.S. Census Bureau in 2013, Cleveland has the third largest child poverty rate among the top cities in the United States ("Hunger Facts," 2013). Insufficient resources to provide adequate food and lack of proper nutritional education for these children has a dramatic effect on the health and well-being for this vulnerable group. Not only does poverty have a direct relationship to negative child outcomes, but nutritional intake and education, as well. This article will focus on a theory-based health care promotion plan that will address the poor, school-age children living in Cleveland. Strategies will be identified in promoting nutritional education to improve healthy eating for these children in an attempt to improve the health and wellness for this vulnerable group. Guidelines for quality monitoring, evaluating, and adaptations of this health promotion plan will also be discussed so that it can be used across various health care settings. Implementing a health promotion plan that incorporates appropriate theory, research-based interventions, evaluative measures, and quality improvement metrics is pivotal if the health care professional is to be successful in supporting desired healthy behaviors for all populations. Enhancing and expanding cultural sensitivity for our diverse populations will prepare a holistic workforce that will improve the health and health equity in our underserved communities. Addressing Healthy...
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...following three aspects: 1. Novelty – it concerns how novel the idea is and the degree of novelty determines its creativity 2. Attractiveness – it ascertains the attractiveness of the idea. For instance, does it absolutely solve the existing problem? Or is it just a fractional solution. 3. Feasibility/Practicability – how feasible is the idea in being put into practice? Is it really feasible? (Bradac & Rebernik, n.d., p 44) Part One Part one of the essay presents the idea social programs and diverse activities. In this part, I will evaluate two concepts, first the social program and the CATWOE analysis approach using the model. Social Programs According to Laughlin (2011, p 22), the return of corporate benefits to the community is one of the most important policies of Samsung. For purposes of sustaining these social welfare programs, the company normally requires its employees to voluntarily participate in these programs. I will carry out an analysis of the social welfare as presented in the essay as one of the critical ideas. At first, I will try and identify some of its novelty, attractiveness, and feasibility. Novelty As highlighted in the essay, the social welfare program developed by...
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...Evaluation of General Motor’s Innovation Strategy STR/581 March 5, 2012 Evaluation of General Motor’s Innovation Strategy Introduction An innovation strategy is an action plan used to advance the technology and service offerings for a product or company. An organization’s innovation strategy is integral to the longevity of the company and integral to creating and maintaining competitive advantage (Goktan & Miles, 2005). General Motors Company is an American based multinational automotive company, headquartered in Detroit, Michigan. General Motors Company is one of the world’s largest automakers and employs over 200,000 people in over 150 countries (General Motors, 2012). The following will describe and examine the innovation strategy of General Motors Company. Design and Technology Chris Borroni-Bird from General Motors is one of the world's leading experts on fuel cells directs GM's Design and Technology Fusion group. “His group's mission and name-Design and Technology Fusion-communicates the importance we attach to thinking about technology through the lens of design. When executed correctly, the two have a symbiotic relationship in that good design promotes technology and vice versa” (Vaz, 2004). GM’s engineers are focused on driving safety, efficiency, and independence through forward thinking of visions that they can share with the world. The company continues to develop an improve technology that allows its vehicles to alert the drivers of potential...
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... BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY DUE DATE 31 AUGUST 2015 QUESTION: Innovate or die. Explore the central role played by innovation in achieving sustainability and competitiveness of Zimbabwe’s hospitality and tourism sector. Innovate or die. Explore the central role played by innovation in achieving sustainability and competitiveness of Zimbabwe’s hospitality and tourism sector. Innovation is a new idea, more effective device or process. It is an inbred human quality that has ensured mankind survives the harsh reality of the world that he lives in and thrives despite all the negatives and challenges of his existence. According to the latest statistics from World Economic Forum (2015) Zimbabwe was ranked 115 out of 141 countries in terms of travel and tourism competitiveness. Without innovation Zimbabwe could easily sink further in the rankings. New idea injection and implementation is of an urgent need in Zimbabwe at the moment in order for it to compete both regionally and internationally. Innovation in sustainable tourism practices is a double edged sword in this endevour as well in that it tackles the issue of damage to the environment at the same cutting operational costs in a number of ways. The Zimbabwe Tourism...
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...Internalisation) is based on the notion of tacit and explicit knowledge as convertible elements (Nonaka 1994, Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995). Here the explicit knowledge refers to codified knowledge that can be expressed in words, sentences, numbers or formulas which are context free. It may include...
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...names before deciding on naming the store Target. Target takes pride in giving back to the community whenever they can. As a corporate citizen, Target works bring families together as well as their store’s communities through innovative programs and partnerships. According to Target’s corporate responsibility report, “Target contributes 5% of their annual income to programs that inspire learning, make families and communities safer, and make the arts affordable and accessible” (2013). Another way Target gives back to their community is they volunteer hundreds of thousands of hours of their time and technical expertise to nonprofit organizations each year. Diversity is very important to the corporation and they display is by their hiring of team members and development, merchandise and marketing, and community programs and contributions. The corporation believes in building a team of people with different backgrounds distinct experiences, and unique points of view-reflecting the communities where they live and work (2013). Target works in close partnerships with suppliers all around the world, with the goal of improving their product innovation, delivering more value to their customers, and having affordable prices. Their mission reflects their goal. “Our mission is to make Target the preferred shopping destination for our guests by delivering outstanding value, continuous innovation and an exceptional guest experience by consistently fulfilling our Expect More. Pay Less...
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...resources. Our vision of the future is one in which we see a world in transition from an industrial economy to a sustainable economy – where renewable sources of energy flourish, water is borrowed responsibly and returned clean to communities, waste is a new asset, workers across the industry are consistently valued and environmental impact will be a critical metric of success. This is a future that will be good for business, economies and communities, and citizens, workers and consumers. And we are determined to set Nike up to lead and thrive, in this environment. In order to get there, we will need to move from incremental to disruptive innovation. Our aim of decoupling growth from constrained resources will require change at a systems-wide level. No single company can eliminate toxic chemicals from vast supply chains, nor improve living conditions of workers in low-income communities, nor eliminate waste from consumption. We need step change in collaboration to drive collective understanding of the systemic issues we face and agreement on the solutions. Competitive advantage should be built on a sustainable playing field where getting better faster than the competition raises the bar for everyone. That will require relentless focus on systems innovation and collaboration across government, industry, social influencers and even consumers. It also will require putting sustainability at the...
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